1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
6 * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
9 * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
10 * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
13 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
14 * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a global
15 * linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
16 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
19 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
21 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
31 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
34 #include <X11/keysym.h>
35 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
37 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
38 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
40 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
44 #define BUTTONMASK (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
45 #define CLEANMASK(mask) (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
46 #define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
47 #define ISVISIBLE(x) (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
48 #define LENGTH(x) (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
49 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
50 #define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
51 #define MOUSEMASK (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
52 #define WIDTH(x) ((x)->w + 2 * (x)->bw)
53 #define HEIGHT(x) ((x)->h + 2 * (x)->bw)
54 #define TAGMASK ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
55 #define TEXTW(x) (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
58 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
59 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast }; /* color */
60 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
61 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
62 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
63 ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast }; /* clicks */
76 void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
80 typedef struct Client Client;
85 int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
88 Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
96 unsigned long norm[ColLast];
97 unsigned long sel[ColLast];
107 } DC; /* draw context */
112 void (*func)(const Arg *);
118 void (*arrange)(void);
123 const char *instance;
129 /* function declarations */
130 static void applyrules(Client *c);
131 static Bool applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h);
132 static void arrange(void);
133 static void attach(Client *c);
134 static void attachstack(Client *c);
135 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
136 static void checkotherwm(void);
137 static void cleanup(void);
138 static void clearurgent(Client *c);
139 static void configure(Client *c);
140 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
141 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
142 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
143 static void detach(Client *c);
144 static void detachstack(Client *c);
145 static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
146 static void drawbar(void);
147 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
148 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
149 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
150 static void expose(XEvent *e);
151 static void focus(Client *c);
152 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
153 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
154 static Client *getclient(Window w);
155 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
156 static long getstate(Window w);
157 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
158 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
159 static void grabkeys(void);
160 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
161 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
162 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
163 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
164 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
165 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
166 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
167 static void monocle(void);
168 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
169 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
170 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
171 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
172 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h);
173 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
174 static void restack(void);
175 static void run(void);
176 static void scan(void);
177 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
178 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
179 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
180 static void setup(void);
181 static void showhide(Client *c);
182 static void sigchld(int signal);
183 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
184 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
185 static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
186 static void tile(void);
187 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
188 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
189 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
190 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
191 static void unmanage(Client *c);
192 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
193 static void updatebar(void);
194 static void updategeom(void);
195 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
196 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
197 static void updatestatus(void);
198 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
199 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
200 static void view(const Arg *arg);
201 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
202 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
203 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
204 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
207 static char stext[256];
209 static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
210 static int by, bh, blw; /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
211 static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
212 static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
213 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
214 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
215 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
216 [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
217 [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
218 [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
219 [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
220 [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
223 [KeyPress] = keypress,
224 [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
225 [MapRequest] = maprequest,
226 [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
227 [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
229 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
231 static Bool running = True;
232 static Client *clients = NULL;
233 static Client *sel = NULL;
234 static Client *stack = NULL;
235 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
238 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
239 static Window root, barwin;
240 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
243 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
244 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
246 /* function implementations */
248 applyrules(Client *c) {
251 XClassHint ch = { 0 };
254 c->isfloating = c->tags = 0;
255 if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
256 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
258 if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
259 && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
260 && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
261 c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
270 c->tags = c->tags & TAGMASK ? c->tags & TAGMASK : tagset[seltags];
274 applysizehints(Client *c, int *x, int *y, int *w, int *h) {
277 /* set minimum possible */
285 if(*x + *w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
287 if(*y + *h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
294 if(resizehints || c->isfloating) {
295 /* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
296 baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
298 if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
303 /* adjust for aspect limits */
304 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
305 if(c->maxa < (float)*w / *h)
307 else if(c->mina < (float)*h / *w)
311 if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
316 /* adjust for increment value */
322 /* restore base dimensions */
326 *w = MAX(*w, c->minw);
327 *h = MAX(*h, c->minh);
330 *w = MIN(*w, c->maxw);
333 *h = MIN(*h, c->maxh);
335 return *x != c->x || *y != c->y || *w != c->w || *h != c->h;
342 if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
343 lt[sellt]->arrange();
354 attachstack(Client *c) {
360 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
361 unsigned int i, x, click;
364 XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
367 if(ev->window == barwin) {
369 do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
370 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
374 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
376 else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
377 click = ClkStatusText;
381 else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
383 click = ClkClientWin;
386 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
387 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
388 && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
389 buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
395 xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
397 /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
398 XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
401 die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
402 XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
409 Layout foo = { "", NULL };
416 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
418 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
419 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
420 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
422 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
423 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
424 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
425 XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
427 XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
431 clearurgent(Client *c) {
435 if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
437 wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
438 XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
443 configure(Client *c) {
446 ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
454 ce.border_width = c->bw;
456 ce.override_redirect = False;
457 XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
461 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
462 XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
464 if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
474 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
476 XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
479 if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
480 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
481 c->bw = ev->border_width;
482 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
483 if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
485 if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
487 if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
489 if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
491 if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
492 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
493 if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
494 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
495 if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
498 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
506 wc.width = ev->width;
507 wc.height = ev->height;
508 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
509 wc.sibling = ev->above;
510 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
511 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
517 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
519 XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
521 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
529 for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
534 detachstack(Client *c) {
537 for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
542 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
545 va_start(ap, errstr);
546 vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
554 unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
558 for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
565 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
566 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
567 col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
568 drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
569 drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
574 drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
585 drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
586 if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
589 drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
590 drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
593 drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
595 XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
600 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
603 XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
605 gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
606 XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
607 x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
611 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
612 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
615 r.width = r.height = x;
616 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
621 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
623 int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
624 XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
626 XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
627 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
631 h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
632 y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
634 /* shorten text if necessary */
635 for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
638 memcpy(buf, text, len);
640 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
641 XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
643 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
645 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
649 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
651 XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
653 if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
655 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
663 XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
665 if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
671 if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
672 for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
673 if(sel && sel != c) {
674 grabbuttons(sel, False);
675 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
682 grabbuttons(c, True);
683 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
684 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
687 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
693 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
694 XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
696 if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
697 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
701 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
702 Client *c = NULL, *i;
707 for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
709 for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
712 for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
716 for(; i; i = i->next)
727 getclient(Window w) {
730 for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
735 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
736 Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
739 if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
740 die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
748 unsigned char *p = NULL;
749 unsigned long n, extra;
752 status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
753 &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
754 if(status != Success)
763 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
768 if(!text || size == 0)
771 XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
774 if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
775 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
777 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
779 strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
780 XFreeStringList(list);
783 text[size - 1] = '\0';
789 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
793 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
794 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
796 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
797 if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
798 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
799 XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button,
800 buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j],
801 c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
802 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
804 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
805 BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
814 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
817 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
818 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
819 if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
820 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
821 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
822 True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
828 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
829 char *def, **missing;
833 dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
836 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
837 XFreeStringList(missing);
840 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
841 XFontStruct **xfonts;
843 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
844 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
845 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
846 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
847 dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
848 dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
853 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
854 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
855 die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
856 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
857 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
859 dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
863 isprotodel(Client *c) {
868 if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
869 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
870 if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
878 keypress(XEvent *e) {
884 keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
885 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
886 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
887 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
889 keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
893 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
898 if(isprotodel(sel)) {
899 ev.type = ClientMessage;
900 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
901 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
902 ev.xclient.format = 32;
903 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
904 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
905 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
908 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
912 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
914 Client *c, *t = NULL;
918 if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
919 die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
928 c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
929 if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
935 if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > sx + sw)
936 c->x = sx + sw - WIDTH(c);
937 if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > sy + sh)
938 c->y = sy + sh - HEIGHT(c);
939 c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
940 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
941 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx)
942 && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
946 wc.border_width = c->bw;
947 XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
948 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
949 configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
951 XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
952 grabbuttons(c, False);
954 if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
955 t = getclient(trans);
961 c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
963 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
966 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
967 XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
968 setclientstate(c, NormalState);
973 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
974 XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
976 XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
977 if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
982 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
983 static XWindowAttributes wa;
984 XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
986 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
988 if(wa.override_redirect)
990 if(!getclient(ev->window))
991 manage(ev->window, &wa);
998 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
999 resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw);
1004 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1005 int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1016 if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1017 None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1019 XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
1021 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1023 case ConfigureRequest:
1026 handler[ev.type](&ev);
1029 nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
1030 ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
1031 if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
1032 && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
1033 if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
1035 else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
1036 nx = wx + ww - WIDTH(c);
1037 if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
1039 else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
1040 ny = wy + wh - HEIGHT(c);
1041 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1042 && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
1043 togglefloating(NULL);
1045 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1046 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h);
1050 while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1051 XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1055 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1056 for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1061 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1064 XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1066 if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME))
1068 else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1069 return; /* ignore */
1070 else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1073 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1074 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1075 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1078 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1086 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1095 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1100 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h) {
1103 if(applysizehints(c, &x, &y, &w, &h)) {
1106 c->w = wc.width = w;
1107 c->h = wc.height = h;
1108 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1109 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1110 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1117 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1128 if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1129 None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1131 XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1133 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1135 case ConfigureRequest:
1138 handler[ev.type](&ev);
1141 nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1142 nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1144 if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1145 && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1146 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1147 && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1148 togglefloating(NULL);
1150 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1151 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh);
1155 while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1156 XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1157 XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1158 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1170 if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1171 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1172 if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1173 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1174 wc.sibling = barwin;
1175 for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1176 if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1177 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1178 wc.sibling = c->win;
1182 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1189 /* main event loop */
1191 while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1192 if(handler[ev.type])
1193 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1199 unsigned int i, num;
1200 Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1201 XWindowAttributes wa;
1203 if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1204 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1205 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1206 || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1208 if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1209 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1211 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1212 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1214 if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1215 && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1216 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1224 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1225 long data[] = {state, None};
1227 XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1228 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1232 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1233 if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1236 lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1243 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1245 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1248 if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1250 f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1251 if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1261 XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1264 screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1265 root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1269 sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1270 sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1271 bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1272 lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1273 lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1277 wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1278 wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1279 wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1280 netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1281 netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1284 wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1285 cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1286 cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1288 /* init appearance */
1289 dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1290 dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1291 dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1292 dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1293 dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1294 dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1295 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1296 dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, NULL);
1297 XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1299 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1302 for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1303 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1307 wa.override_redirect = True;
1308 wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1309 wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1311 barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1312 CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1313 CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1314 XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1315 XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1318 /* EWMH support per view */
1319 XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1320 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1322 /* select for events */
1323 wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1324 |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1325 |PropertyChangeMask;
1326 XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1327 XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1333 showhide(Client *c) {
1336 if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1337 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1338 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1339 resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
1342 else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1344 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1350 sigchld(int signal) {
1351 while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1355 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1356 signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1359 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1361 execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1362 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1369 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1370 if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1371 sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1377 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1381 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1384 return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1393 for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1398 c = nexttiled(clients);
1400 resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw);
1406 x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1408 w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1413 for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1414 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1415 ? wy + wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw));
1417 y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1422 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1430 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1433 sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1435 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h);
1440 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1446 mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1454 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1455 unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1458 tagset[seltags] = mask;
1464 unmanage(Client *c) {
1467 wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1468 /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1470 XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1471 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1476 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1477 setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1480 XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1486 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1488 XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1490 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1496 if(dc.drawable != 0)
1497 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1498 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1499 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1506 XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1508 /* window area geometry */
1509 if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) {
1514 if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1515 for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1516 if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1520 wy = showbar && topbar ? info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1522 wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1529 wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1531 wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1535 by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1539 updatenumlockmask(void) {
1541 XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1544 modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1545 for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1546 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1547 if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1548 == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1549 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1550 XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1554 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1558 if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1559 /* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1561 if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1562 c->basew = size.base_width;
1563 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1565 else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1566 c->basew = size.min_width;
1567 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1570 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1571 if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1572 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1573 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1576 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1577 if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1578 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1579 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1582 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1583 if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1584 c->minw = size.min_width;
1585 c->minh = size.min_height;
1587 else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1588 c->minw = size.base_width;
1589 c->minh = size.base_height;
1592 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1593 if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1594 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1595 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1598 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1599 c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1600 && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1604 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1605 if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1606 gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1611 if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1612 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1617 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1620 if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1621 if(c == sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1622 wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1623 XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1626 c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1633 view(const Arg *arg) {
1634 if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1636 seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1637 if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1638 tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1642 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1643 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs
1644 * default error handler, which may call exit. */
1646 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1647 if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1648 || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1649 || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1650 || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1651 || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1652 || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1653 || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1654 || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1655 || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1657 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1658 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1659 return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1663 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1667 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1668 * is already running. */
1670 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1676 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1679 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1681 if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1682 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1691 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1692 if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1693 die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2009 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1695 die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1697 if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1698 fputs("warning: no locale support\n", stderr);
1700 if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(NULL)))
1701 die("dwm: cannot open display\n");