JasonWoof Got questions, comments, patches, etc.? Contact Jason Woofenden
removed View cruft, now back to the roots
[dwm.git] / dwm.c
1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
2  *
3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
8  *
9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
15  *
16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
21  *
22  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
23  *
24  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
25  */
26 #include <errno.h>
27 #include <locale.h>
28 #include <stdarg.h>
29 #include <stdio.h>
30 #include <stdlib.h>
31 #include <string.h>
32 #include <unistd.h>
33 #include <sys/select.h>
34 #include <sys/types.h>
35 #include <sys/wait.h>
36 #include <regex.h>
37 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
38 #include <X11/keysym.h>
39 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
40 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
41 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
42 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
43 #ifdef XINERAMA
44 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
45 #endif
46
47 /* macros */
48 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
49 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
50 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
51 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
52 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
53
54
55 /* enums */
56 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
57 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
58 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
59 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
60 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
61
62 /* typedefs */
63 typedef struct Client Client;
64 struct Client {
65         char name[256];
66         int x, y, w, h;
67         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
68         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
69         long flags;
70         unsigned int border, oldborder;
71         Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
72         Bool *tags;
73         Client *next;
74         Client *prev;
75         Client *snext;
76         Window win;
77 };
78
79 typedef struct {
80         int x, y, w, h;
81         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
82         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
83         Drawable drawable;
84         GC gc;
85         struct {
86                 int ascent;
87                 int descent;
88                 int height;
89                 XFontSet set;
90                 XFontStruct *xfont;
91         } font;
92 } DC; /* draw context */
93
94 typedef struct {
95         unsigned long mod;
96         KeySym keysym;
97         void (*func)(const char *arg);
98         const char *arg;
99 } Key;
100
101 typedef struct {
102         const char *symbol;
103         void (*arrange)(void);
104 } Layout;
105
106 typedef struct {
107         const char *prop;
108         const char *tag;
109         Bool isfloating;
110 } Rule;
111
112 /* function declarations */
113 void applyrules(Client *c);
114 void arrange(void);
115 void attach(Client *c);
116 void attachstack(Client *c);
117 void ban(Client *c);
118 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
119 void checkotherwm(void);
120 void cleanup(void);
121 void configure(Client *c);
122 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
123 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
124 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
125 void detach(Client *c);
126 void detachstack(Client *c);
127 void drawbar(void);
128 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
129 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
130 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
131 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
132 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
133 void expose(XEvent *e);
134 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
135 void focus(Client *c);
136 void focusin(XEvent *e);
137 void focusnext(const char *arg);
138 void focusprev(const char *arg);
139 Client *getclient(Window w);
140 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
141 long getstate(Window w);
142 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
143 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
144 void grabkeys(void);
145 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *t);
146 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
147 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
148 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
149 Bool isurgent(unsigned int t);
150 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
151 void keypress(XEvent *e);
152 void killclient(const char *arg);
153 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
154 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
155 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
156 void movemouse(Client *c);
157 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
158 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
159 void quit(const char *arg);
160 void reapply(const char *arg);
161 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
162 void resizemouse(Client *c);
163 void restack(void);
164 void run(void);
165 void scan(void);
166 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
167 void setlayout(const char *arg);
168 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
169 void setup(void);
170 void spawn(const char *arg);
171 void tag(const char *arg);
172 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
173 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
174 void tile(void);
175 void togglebar(const char *arg);
176 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
177 void toggletag(const char *arg);
178 void toggleview(const char *arg);
179 void unban(Client *c);
180 void unmanage(Client *c);
181 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
182 void updatebarpos(void);
183 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
184 void updatetitle(Client *c);
185 void updatewmhints(Client *c);
186 void view(const char *arg);
187 void viewprevtag(const char *arg);      /* views previous selected tags */
188 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
189 int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
190 int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
191 void zoom(const char *arg);
192 void selectview(const char *arg);
193
194 /* variables */
195 char stext[256], buf[256];
196 double mwfact;
197 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah, xscreens;
198 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
199 unsigned int bh, bpos;
200 unsigned int blw = 0;
201 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
202 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
203         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
204         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
205         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
206         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
207         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
208         [Expose] = expose,
209         [FocusIn] = focusin,
210         [KeyPress] = keypress,
211         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
212         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
213         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
214         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
215 };
216 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
217 Bool domwfact = True;
218 Bool dozoom = True;
219 Bool otherwm, readin;
220 Bool running = True;
221 Bool *prevtags;
222 Bool *seltags;
223 Client *clients = NULL;
224 Client *sel = NULL;
225 Client *stack = NULL;
226 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
227 Display *dpy;
228 DC dc = {0};
229 Layout *lt;
230 Window root, barwin;
231 #ifdef XINERAMA
232 XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
233 #endif
234
235 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
236 #include "config.h"
237 #define TAGSZ (LENGTH(tags) * sizeof(Bool))
238 static Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
239
240 /* function implementations */
241
242 void
243 applyrules(Client *c) {
244         unsigned int i;
245         Bool matched = False;
246         Rule *r;
247         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
248
249         /* rule matching */
250         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
251         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
252                 r = &rules[i];
253                 if(strstr(c->name, r->prop)
254                 || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->prop))
255                 || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->prop)))
256                 {
257                         c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
258                         if(r->tag) {
259                                 c->tags[idxoftag(r->tag)] = True;
260                                 matched = True;
261                         }
262                 }
263         }
264         if(ch.res_class)
265                 XFree(ch.res_class);
266         if(ch.res_name)
267                 XFree(ch.res_name);
268         if(!matched)
269                 memcpy(c->tags, seltags, TAGSZ);
270 }
271
272 void
273 arrange(void) {
274         Client *c;
275
276         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
277                 if(isvisible(c))
278                         unban(c);
279                 else
280                         ban(c);
281
282         focus(NULL);
283         lt->arrange();
284         restack();
285 }
286
287 void
288 attach(Client *c) {
289         if(clients)
290                 clients->prev = c;
291         c->next = clients;
292         clients = c;
293 }
294
295 void
296 attachstack(Client *c) {
297         c->snext = stack;
298         stack = c;
299 }
300
301 void
302 ban(Client *c) {
303         if(c->isbanned)
304                 return;
305         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 3 * sw, c->y);
306         c->isbanned = True;
307 }
308
309 void
310 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
311         unsigned int i, x;
312         Client *c;
313         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
314
315         if(ev->window == barwin) {
316                 x = 0;
317                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
318                         x += textw(tags[i]);
319                         if(ev->x < x) {
320                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
321                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
322                                                 tag(tags[i]);
323                                         else
324                                                 view(tags[i]);
325                                 }
326                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
327                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
328                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
329                                         else
330                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
331                                 }
332                                 return;
333                         }
334                 }
335                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
336                         setlayout(NULL);
337         }
338         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
339                 focus(c);
340                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
341                         return;
342                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
343                         restack();
344                         movemouse(c);
345                 }
346                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
347                         if((floating != lt->arrange) && c->isfloating)
348                                 togglefloating(NULL);
349                         else
350                                 zoom(NULL);
351                 }
352                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
353                         restack();
354                         resizemouse(c);
355                 }
356         }
357 }
358
359 void
360 checkotherwm(void) {
361         otherwm = False;
362         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
363
364         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
365         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
366         XSync(dpy, False);
367         if(otherwm)
368                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
369         XSync(dpy, False);
370         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
371         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
372         XSync(dpy, False);
373 }
374
375 void
376 cleanup(void) {
377
378         close(STDIN_FILENO);
379         while(stack) {
380                 unban(stack);
381                 unmanage(stack);
382         }
383         if(dc.font.set)
384                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
385         else
386                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
387
388         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
389         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
390         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
391         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
392         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
393         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
394         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
395 #if XINERAMA
396         if(info)
397                 XFree(info);
398 #endif
399         XSync(dpy, False);
400         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
401 }
402
403 void
404 configure(Client *c) {
405         XConfigureEvent ce;
406
407         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
408         ce.display = dpy;
409         ce.event = c->win;
410         ce.window = c->win;
411         ce.x = c->x;
412         ce.y = c->y;
413         ce.width = c->w;
414         ce.height = c->h;
415         ce.border_width = c->border;
416         ce.above = None;
417         ce.override_redirect = False;
418         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
419 }
420
421 void
422 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
423         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
424
425         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
426                 /* TODO -- use Xinerama dimensions here ? */
427                 sw = ev->width;
428                 sh = ev->height;
429                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
430                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(root, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
431                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
432                 updatebarpos();
433                 arrange();
434         }
435 }
436
437 void
438 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
439         Client *c;
440         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
441         XWindowChanges wc;
442
443         /* TODO -- consider Xinerama if necessary when centering */
444         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
445                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
446                         c->border = ev->border_width;
447                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == lt->arrange)) {
448                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
449                                 c->x = sx + ev->x;
450                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
451                                 c->y = sy + ev->y;
452                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
453                                 c->w = ev->width;
454                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
455                                 c->h = ev->height;
456                         if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
457                                 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
458                         if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
459                                 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
460                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
461                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
462                                 configure(c);
463                         if(isvisible(c))
464                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
465                 }
466                 else
467                         configure(c);
468         }
469         else {
470                 wc.x = ev->x;
471                 wc.y = ev->y;
472                 wc.width = ev->width;
473                 wc.height = ev->height;
474                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
475                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
476                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
477                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
478         }
479         XSync(dpy, False);
480 }
481
482 Bool
483 conflicts(Client *c, unsigned int tidx) {
484         unsigned int i;
485
486         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
487                 if(c->tags[i])
488                         return True; /* conflict */
489         return False;
490 }
491
492 void
493 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
494         Client *c;
495         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
496
497         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
498                 unmanage(c);
499 }
500
501 void
502 detach(Client *c) {
503         if(c->prev)
504                 c->prev->next = c->next;
505         if(c->next)
506                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
507         if(c == clients)
508                 clients = c->next;
509         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
510 }
511
512 void
513 detachstack(Client *c) {
514         Client **tc;
515
516         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
517         *tc = c->snext;
518 }
519
520 void
521 drawbar(void) {
522         int i, x;
523         Client *c;
524
525         dc.x = 0;
526         for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
527         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
528                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
529                 if(seltags[i]) {
530                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
531                         drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
532                 }
533                 else {
534                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
535                         drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
536                 }
537                 dc.x += dc.w;
538         }
539         dc.w = blw;
540         drawtext(lt->symbol, dc.norm, False);
541         x = dc.x + dc.w;
542         dc.w = textw(stext);
543         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
544         if(dc.x < x) {
545                 dc.x = x;
546                 dc.w = sw - x;
547         }
548         drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
549         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
550                 dc.x = x;
551                 if(c) {
552                         drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
553                         drawsquare(False, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
554                 }
555                 else
556                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
557         }
558         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
559         XSync(dpy, False);
560 }
561
562 void
563 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
564         int x;
565         XGCValues gcv;
566         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
567
568         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
569         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
570         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
571         r.x = dc.x + 1;
572         r.y = dc.y + 1;
573         if(filled) {
574                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
575                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
576         }
577         else if(empty) {
578                 r.width = r.height = x;
579                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
580         }
581 }
582
583 void
584 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
585         int x, y, w, h;
586         unsigned int len, olen;
587         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
588
589         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
590         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
591         if(!text)
592                 return;
593         w = 0;
594         olen = len = strlen(text);
595         if(len >= sizeof buf)
596                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
597         memcpy(buf, text, len);
598         buf[len] = 0;
599         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
600         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
601         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
602         /* shorten text if necessary */
603         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
604                 buf[--len] = 0;
605         if(len < olen) {
606                 if(len > 1)
607                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
608                 if(len > 2)
609                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
610                 if(len > 3)
611                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
612         }
613         if(w > dc.w)
614                 return; /* too long */
615         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
616         if(dc.font.set)
617                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
618         else
619                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
620 }
621
622 void *
623 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
624         void *res = calloc(1, size);
625
626         if(!res)
627                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
628         return res;
629 }
630
631 void
632 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
633         Client *c;
634         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
635
636         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
637                 return;
638         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
639                 focus(c);
640         else
641                 focus(NULL);
642 }
643
644 void
645 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
646         va_list ap;
647
648         va_start(ap, errstr);
649         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
650         va_end(ap);
651         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
652 }
653
654 void
655 expose(XEvent *e) {
656         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
657
658         if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
659                 drawbar();
660 }
661
662 void
663 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
664         Client *c;
665
666         domwfact = dozoom = False;
667         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
668                 if(isvisible(c))
669                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
670 }
671
672 void
673 focus(Client *c) {
674         if(!c || (c && !isvisible(c)))
675                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
676         if(sel && sel != c) {
677                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
678                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
679         }
680         if(c) {
681                 detachstack(c);
682                 attachstack(c);
683                 grabbuttons(c, True);
684         }
685         sel = c;
686         if(c) {
687                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
688                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
689         }
690         else
691                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
692         drawbar();
693 }
694
695 void
696 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
697         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
698
699         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
700                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
701 }
702
703 void
704 focusnext(const char *arg) {
705         Client *c;
706
707         if(!sel)
708                 return;
709         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
710         if(!c)
711                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
712         if(c) {
713                 focus(c);
714                 restack();
715         }
716 }
717
718 void
719 focusprev(const char *arg) {
720         Client *c;
721
722         if(!sel)
723                 return;
724         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
725         if(!c) {
726                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
727                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
728         }
729         if(c) {
730                 focus(c);
731                 restack();
732         }
733 }
734
735 Client *
736 getclient(Window w) {
737         Client *c;
738
739         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
740         return c;
741 }
742
743 unsigned long
744 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
745         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
746         XColor color;
747
748         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
749                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
750         return color.pixel;
751 }
752
753 long
754 getstate(Window w) {
755         int format, status;
756         long result = -1;
757         unsigned char *p = NULL;
758         unsigned long n, extra;
759         Atom real;
760
761         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
762                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
763         if(status != Success)
764                 return -1;
765         if(n != 0)
766                 result = *p;
767         XFree(p);
768         return result;
769 }
770
771 Bool
772 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
773         char **list = NULL;
774         int n;
775         XTextProperty name;
776
777         if(!text || size == 0)
778                 return False;
779         text[0] = '\0';
780         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
781         if(!name.nitems)
782                 return False;
783         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
784                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
785         else {
786                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
787                 && n > 0 && *list) {
788                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
789                         XFreeStringList(list);
790                 }
791         }
792         text[size - 1] = '\0';
793         XFree(name.value);
794         return True;
795 }
796
797 void
798 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
799         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
800
801         if(focused) {
802                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
803                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
804                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
805                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
806                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
807                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
808                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
809                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
810
811                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
812                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
813                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
814                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
815                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
816                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
817                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
818                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
819
820                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
821                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
822                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
823                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
824                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
825                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
826                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
827                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
828         }
829         else
830                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
831                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
832 }
833
834 void
835 grabkeys(void)  {
836         unsigned int i, j;
837         KeyCode code;
838         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
839
840         /* init modifier map */
841         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
842         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
843                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
844                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
845                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
846                 }
847         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
848
849         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
850         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
851                 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
852                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
853                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
854                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
855                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
856                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
857                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
858                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
859                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
860         }
861 }
862
863 unsigned int
864 idxoftag(const char *t) {
865         unsigned int i;
866
867         for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != t); i++);
868         return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
869 }
870
871 void
872 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
873         char *def, **missing;
874         int i, n;
875
876         missing = NULL;
877         if(dc.font.set)
878                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
879         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
880         if(missing) {
881                 while(n--)
882                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
883                 XFreeStringList(missing);
884         }
885         if(dc.font.set) {
886                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
887                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
888                 char **font_names;
889                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
890                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
891                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
892                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
893                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
894                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
895                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
896                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
897                         xfonts++;
898                 }
899         }
900         else {
901                 if(dc.font.xfont)
902                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
903                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
904                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
905                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
906                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
907                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
908                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
909         }
910         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
911 }
912
913 Bool
914 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
915         Client *c;
916
917         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
918                 if(c->tags[t])
919                         return True;
920         return False;
921 }
922
923 Bool
924 isprotodel(Client *c) {
925         int i, n;
926         Atom *protocols;
927         Bool ret = False;
928
929         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
930                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
931                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
932                                 ret = True;
933                 XFree(protocols);
934         }
935         return ret;
936 }
937
938 Bool
939 isurgent(unsigned int t) {
940         Client *c;
941
942         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
943                 if(c->isurgent && c->tags[t])
944                         return True;
945         return False;
946 }
947
948 Bool
949 isvisible(Client *c) {
950         unsigned int i;
951
952         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
953                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
954                         return True;
955         return False;
956 }
957
958 void
959 keypress(XEvent *e) {
960         unsigned int i;
961         KeySym keysym;
962         XKeyEvent *ev;
963
964         ev = &e->xkey;
965         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
966         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
967                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
968                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
969                 {
970                         if(keys[i].func)
971                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
972                 }
973 }
974
975 void
976 killclient(const char *arg) {
977         XEvent ev;
978
979         if(!sel)
980                 return;
981         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
982                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
983                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
984                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
985                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
986                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
987                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
988                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
989         }
990         else
991                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
992 }
993
994 void
995 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
996         Client *c, *t = NULL;
997         Status rettrans;
998         Window trans;
999         XWindowChanges wc;
1000
1001         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1002         c->tags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1003         c->win = w;
1004
1005         applyrules(c);
1006
1007         c->x = wa->x + sx;
1008         c->y = wa->y + sy;
1009         c->w = wa->width;
1010         c->h = wa->height;
1011         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1012
1013         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1014                 c->x = sx;
1015                 c->y = sy;
1016                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1017         }
1018         else {
1019                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1020                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1021                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1022                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1023                 if(c->x < wax)
1024                         c->x = wax;
1025                 if(c->y < way)
1026                         c->y = way;
1027                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1028         }
1029         wc.border_width = c->border;
1030         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1031         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1032         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1033         updatesizehints(c);
1034         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1035         grabbuttons(c, False);
1036         updatetitle(c);
1037         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1038                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1039         if(t)
1040                 memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, TAGSZ);
1041         if(!c->isfloating)
1042                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1043         attach(c);
1044         attachstack(c);
1045         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1046         ban(c);
1047         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1048         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1049         arrange();
1050 }
1051
1052 void
1053 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1054         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1055
1056         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1057         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1058                 grabkeys();
1059 }
1060
1061 void
1062 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1063         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1064         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1065
1066         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1067                 return;
1068         if(wa.override_redirect)
1069                 return;
1070         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1071                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1072 }
1073
1074 void
1075 movemouse(Client *c) {
1076         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1077         unsigned int dui;
1078         Window dummy;
1079         XEvent ev;
1080
1081         ocx = nx = c->x;
1082         ocy = ny = c->y;
1083         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1084                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1085                 return;
1086         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1087         for(;;) {
1088                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1089                 switch (ev.type) {
1090                 case ButtonRelease:
1091                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1092                         return;
1093                 case ConfigureRequest:
1094                 case Expose:
1095                 case MapRequest:
1096                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1097                         break;
1098                 case MotionNotify:
1099                         XSync(dpy, False);
1100                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1101                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1102                         if(abs(wax - nx) < SNAP)
1103                                 nx = wax;
1104                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1105                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1106                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1107                                 ny = way;
1108                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1109                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1110                         if(!c->isfloating && (lt->arrange != floating) && (abs(nx - c->x) > SNAP || abs(ny - c->y) > SNAP))
1111                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1112                         if((lt->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1113                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1114                         break;
1115                 }
1116         }
1117 }
1118
1119 Client *
1120 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1121         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1122         return c;
1123 }
1124
1125 void
1126 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1127         Client *c;
1128         Window trans;
1129         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1130
1131         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1132                 return; /* ignore */
1133         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1134                 switch (ev->atom) {
1135                 default: break;
1136                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1137                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1138                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1139                                 arrange();
1140                         break;
1141                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1142                         updatesizehints(c);
1143                         break;
1144                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1145                         updatewmhints(c);
1146                         drawbar();
1147                         break;
1148                 }
1149                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1150                         updatetitle(c);
1151                         if(c == sel)
1152                                 drawbar();
1153                 }
1154         }
1155 }
1156
1157 void
1158 quit(const char *arg) {
1159         readin = running = False;
1160 }
1161
1162 void
1163 reapply(const char *arg) {
1164         static Bool zerotags[LENGTH(tags)] = { 0 };
1165         Client *c;
1166
1167         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1168                 memcpy(c->tags, zerotags, sizeof zerotags);
1169                 applyrules(c);
1170         }
1171         arrange();
1172 }
1173
1174 void
1175 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1176         XWindowChanges wc;
1177
1178         if(sizehints) {
1179                 /* set minimum possible */
1180                 if (w < 1)
1181                         w = 1;
1182                 if (h < 1)
1183                         h = 1;
1184
1185                 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1186                 w -= c->basew;
1187                 h -= c->baseh;
1188
1189                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1190                 if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1191                         if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1192                                 w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1193                         else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1194                                 h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1195                 }
1196
1197                 /* adjust for increment value */
1198                 if(c->incw)
1199                         w -= w % c->incw;
1200                 if(c->inch)
1201                         h -= h % c->inch;
1202
1203                 /* restore base dimensions */
1204                 w += c->basew;
1205                 h += c->baseh;
1206
1207                 if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1208                         w = c->minw;
1209                 if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1210                         h = c->minh;
1211                 if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1212                         w = c->maxw;
1213                 if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1214                         h = c->maxh;
1215         }
1216         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1217                 return;
1218         if(x > sx + sw)
1219                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1220         if(y > sy + sh)
1221                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1222         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1223                 x = sx;
1224         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1225                 y = sy;
1226         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1227                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1228                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1229                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1230                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1231                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1232                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1233                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1234                 configure(c);
1235                 XSync(dpy, False);
1236         }
1237 }
1238
1239 void
1240 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1241         int ocx, ocy;
1242         int nw, nh;
1243         XEvent ev;
1244
1245         ocx = c->x;
1246         ocy = c->y;
1247         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1248                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1249                 return;
1250         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1251         for(;;) {
1252                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1253                 switch(ev.type) {
1254                 case ButtonRelease:
1255                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1256                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1257                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1258                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1259                         return;
1260                 case ConfigureRequest:
1261                 case Expose:
1262                 case MapRequest:
1263                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1264                         break;
1265                 case MotionNotify:
1266                         XSync(dpy, False);
1267                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1268                                 nw = 1;
1269                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1270                                 nh = 1;
1271                         if(!c->isfloating && (lt->arrange != floating) && (abs(nw - c->w) > SNAP || abs(nh - c->h) > SNAP))
1272                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1273                         if((lt->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1274                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1275                         break;
1276                 }
1277         }
1278 }
1279
1280 void
1281 restack(void) {
1282         Client *c;
1283         XEvent ev;
1284         XWindowChanges wc;
1285
1286         drawbar();
1287         if(!sel)
1288                 return;
1289         if(sel->isfloating || (lt->arrange == floating))
1290                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1291         if(lt->arrange != floating) {
1292                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1293                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1294                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1295                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1296                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1297                 }
1298                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1299                         if(c == sel)
1300                                 continue;
1301                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1302                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1303                 }
1304         }
1305         XSync(dpy, False);
1306         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1307 }
1308
1309 void
1310 run(void) {
1311         char *p;
1312         char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1313         fd_set rd;
1314         int r, xfd;
1315         unsigned int len, offset;
1316         XEvent ev;
1317
1318         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1319         XSync(dpy, False);
1320         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1321         readin = True;
1322         offset = 0;
1323         len = sizeof stext - 1;
1324         sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1325         while(running) {
1326                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1327                 if(readin)
1328                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1329                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1330                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1331                         if(errno == EINTR)
1332                                 continue;
1333                         eprint("select failed\n");
1334                 }
1335                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1336                         switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1337                         case -1:
1338                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1339                                 readin = False;
1340                                 break;
1341                         case 0:
1342                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1343                                 readin = False;
1344                                 break;
1345                         default:
1346                                 for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1347                                         if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1348                                                 *p = '\0';
1349                                                 strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1350                                                 p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1351                                                 for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1352                                                 offset = r;
1353                                                 if(r)
1354                                                         memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1355                                                 break;
1356                                         }
1357                                 break;
1358                         }
1359                         drawbar();
1360                 }
1361                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1362                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1363                         if(handler[ev.type])
1364                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1365                 }
1366         }
1367 }
1368
1369 void
1370 scan(void) {
1371         unsigned int i, num;
1372         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1373         XWindowAttributes wa;
1374
1375         wins = NULL;
1376         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1377                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1378                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1379                                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1380                                 continue;
1381                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1382                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1383                 }
1384                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1385                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1386                                 continue;
1387                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1388                                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1389                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1390                 }
1391         }
1392         if(wins)
1393                 XFree(wins);
1394 }
1395
1396 void
1397 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1398         long data[] = {state, None};
1399
1400         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1401                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1402 }
1403
1404 void
1405 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1406         unsigned int i;
1407
1408         if(!arg) {
1409                 lt++;
1410                 if(lt == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1411                         lt = &layouts[0];
1412         }
1413         else {
1414                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1415                         if(arg == layouts[i].symbol)
1416                                 break;
1417                 if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1418                         return;
1419                 lt = &layouts[i];
1420         }
1421         if(sel)
1422                 arrange();
1423         else
1424                 drawbar();
1425 }
1426
1427 void
1428 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1429         double delta;
1430
1431         if(!domwfact)
1432                 return;
1433         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1434         if(arg == NULL)
1435                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1436         else if(sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta) == 1) {
1437                 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1438                         mwfact += delta;
1439                 else
1440                         mwfact = delta;
1441                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1442                         mwfact = 0.1;
1443                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1444                         mwfact = 0.9;
1445         }
1446         arrange();
1447 }
1448
1449 void
1450 setup(void) {
1451         unsigned int i;
1452         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1453
1454         /* init screen */
1455         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1456         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1457         sx = 0;
1458         sy = 0;
1459         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1460         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1461
1462         /* init atoms */
1463         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1464         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1465         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1466         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1467         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1468         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1469
1470         /* init cursors */
1471         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1472         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1473         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1474
1475 #ifdef XINERAMA
1476         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy))
1477                 info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &xscreens);
1478 #endif
1479
1480         /* init appearance */
1481         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1482         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1483         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1484         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1485         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1486         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1487         initfont(FONT);
1488         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1489         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1490         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1491         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1492         if(!dc.font.set)
1493                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1494
1495         /* init tags */
1496         seltags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1497         prevtags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1498         seltags[0] = prevtags[0] = True;
1499
1500         /* init layouts */
1501         mwfact = MWFACT;
1502         lt = &layouts[0];
1503
1504         /* TODO: Xinerama hints ? */
1505         /* init bar */
1506         for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1507                 i = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1508                 if(i > blw)
1509                         blw = i;
1510         }
1511
1512         bpos = BARPOS;
1513         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1514         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1515         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1516
1517         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1518                                 CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1519                                 CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1520         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1521         updatebarpos();
1522         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1523         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1524         drawbar();
1525
1526         /* EWMH support per view */
1527         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1528                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1529
1530         /* select for events */
1531         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1532                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1533         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1534         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1535
1536
1537         /* grab keys */
1538         grabkeys();
1539 }
1540
1541 void
1542 spawn(const char *arg) {
1543         static char *shell = NULL;
1544
1545         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1546                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1547         if(!arg)
1548                 return;
1549         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1550          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1551         if(fork() == 0) {
1552                 if(fork() == 0) {
1553                         if(dpy)
1554                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1555                         setsid();
1556                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1557                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1558                         perror(" failed");
1559                 }
1560                 exit(0);
1561         }
1562         wait(0);
1563 }
1564
1565 void
1566 tag(const char *arg) {
1567         unsigned int i;
1568
1569         if(!sel)
1570                 return;
1571         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1572                 sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1573         sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1574         arrange();
1575 }
1576
1577 unsigned int
1578 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1579         XRectangle r;
1580
1581         if(dc.font.set) {
1582                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1583                 return r.width;
1584         }
1585         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1586 }
1587
1588 unsigned int
1589 textw(const char *text) {
1590         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1591 }
1592
1593 void
1594 tile(void) {
1595         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1596         Client *c, *mc;
1597
1598         domwfact = dozoom = True;
1599         nx = wax;
1600         ny = way;
1601         nw = 0;
1602         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1603                 n++;
1604
1605         /* window geoms */
1606         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1607         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1608         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1609                 th = wah;
1610
1611         for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1612                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1613                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1614                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1615                 }
1616                 else {  /* tile window */
1617                         if(i == 1) {
1618                                 ny = way;
1619                                 nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1620                                 nw = waw - mw - 2 * c->border;
1621                         }
1622                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1623                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1624                         else
1625                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1626                 }
1627                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1628                 if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1629                         /* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1630                         resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1631                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1632                         ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1633                 i++;
1634         }
1635 }
1636
1637 void
1638 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1639         if(bpos == BarOff)
1640                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1641         else
1642                 bpos = BarOff;
1643         updatebarpos();
1644         arrange();
1645 }
1646
1647 void
1648 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1649         if(!sel)
1650                 return;
1651         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1652         if(sel->isfloating)
1653                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1654         arrange();
1655 }
1656
1657 void
1658 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1659         unsigned int i, j;
1660
1661         if(!sel)
1662                 return;
1663         i = idxoftag(arg);
1664         if(conflicts(sel, i))
1665                 return;
1666         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1667         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1668         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1669                 sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1670         arrange();
1671 }
1672
1673 void
1674 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1675         unsigned int i, j;
1676
1677         i = idxoftag(arg);
1678         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1679         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1680         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1681                 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1682         arrange();
1683 }
1684
1685 void
1686 unban(Client *c) {
1687         if(!c->isbanned)
1688                 return;
1689         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1690         c->isbanned = False;
1691 }
1692
1693 void
1694 unmanage(Client *c) {
1695         XWindowChanges wc;
1696
1697         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1698         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1699         XGrabServer(dpy);
1700         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1701         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1702         detach(c);
1703         detachstack(c);
1704         if(sel == c)
1705                 focus(NULL);
1706         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1707         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1708         free(c->tags);
1709         free(c);
1710         XSync(dpy, False);
1711         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1712         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1713         arrange();
1714 }
1715
1716 void
1717 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1718         Client *c;
1719         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1720
1721         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1722                 unmanage(c);
1723 }
1724
1725 void
1726 updatebarpos(void) {
1727         XEvent ev;
1728
1729         wax = sx;
1730         way = sy;
1731         wah = sh;
1732         waw = sw;
1733         switch(bpos) {
1734         default:
1735                 wah -= bh;
1736                 way += bh;
1737                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1738                 break;
1739         case BarBot:
1740                 wah -= bh;
1741                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1742                 break;
1743         case BarOff:
1744                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1745                 break;
1746         }
1747         XSync(dpy, False);
1748         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1749 }
1750
1751 void
1752 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1753         long msize;
1754         XSizeHints size;
1755
1756         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1757                 size.flags = PSize;
1758         c->flags = size.flags;
1759         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1760                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1761                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1762         }
1763         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1764                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1765                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1766         }
1767         else
1768                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1769         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1770                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1771                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1772         }
1773         else
1774                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1775         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1776                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1777                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1778         }
1779         else
1780                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1781         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1782                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1783                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1784         }
1785         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1786                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1787                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1788         }
1789         else
1790                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1791         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1792                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1793                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1794                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1795                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1796         }
1797         else
1798                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1799         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1800                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1801 }
1802
1803 void
1804 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1805         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1806                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1807 }
1808
1809 void
1810 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1811         XWMHints *wmh;
1812
1813         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1814                 c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1815                 XFree(wmh);
1816         }
1817 }
1818
1819
1820 void
1821 view(const char *arg) {
1822         unsigned int i;
1823
1824         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1825                 tmp[i] = (NULL == arg);
1826         tmp[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1827
1828         if(memcmp(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ) != 0) {
1829                 memcpy(prevtags, seltags, TAGSZ);
1830                 memcpy(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1831                 arrange();
1832         }
1833 }
1834
1835 void
1836 viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1837
1838         memcpy(tmp, seltags, TAGSZ);
1839         memcpy(seltags, prevtags, TAGSZ);
1840         memcpy(prevtags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1841         arrange();
1842 }
1843
1844 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1845  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1846  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1847 int
1848 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1849         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1850         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1851         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1852         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1853         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1854         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1855         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1856         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1857                 return 0;
1858         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1859                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1860         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1861 }
1862
1863 int
1864 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1865         return 0;
1866 }
1867
1868 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1869  * is already running. */
1870 int
1871 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1872         otherwm = True;
1873         return -1;
1874 }
1875
1876 void
1877 zoom(const char *arg) {
1878         Client *c = sel;
1879
1880         if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1881                 return;
1882         if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1883                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1884                         return;
1885         detach(c);
1886         attach(c);
1887         focus(c);
1888         arrange();
1889 }
1890
1891 int
1892 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1893         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1894                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1895         else if(argc != 1)
1896                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1897
1898         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1899         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1900                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1901
1902         checkotherwm();
1903         setup();
1904         scan();
1905         run();
1906         cleanup();
1907
1908         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1909         return 0;
1910 }