1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
3 * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
4 * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
5 * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
6 * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
7 * allowed to select for this event mask.
9 * The event handlers of dwm are organized in an array which is accessed
10 * whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows event dispatching
13 * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
14 * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a global
15 * linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
16 * stack list. Each client contains a bit array to indicate the tags of a
19 * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
21 * To understand everything else, start reading main().
31 #include <sys/types.h>
33 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
34 #include <X11/keysym.h>
35 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
37 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
38 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
40 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
44 #define BUTTONMASK (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
45 #define CLEANMASK(mask) (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
46 #define INRECT(X,Y,RX,RY,RW,RH) ((X) >= (RX) && (X) < (RX) + (RW) && (Y) >= (RY) && (Y) < (RY) + (RH))
47 #define ISVISIBLE(x) (x->tags & tagset[seltags])
48 #define LENGTH(x) (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
49 #define MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
50 #define MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
52 #define MOUSEMASK (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
53 #define WIDTH(x) ((x)->w + 2 * (x)->bw)
54 #define HEIGHT(x) ((x)->h + 2 * (x)->bw)
55 #define TAGMASK ((int)((1LL << LENGTH(tags)) - 1))
56 #define TEXTW(x) (textnw(x, strlen(x)) + dc.font.height)
59 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
60 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast }; /* color */
61 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
62 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
63 enum { ClkTagBar, ClkLtSymbol, ClkStatusText, ClkWinTitle,
64 ClkClientWin, ClkRootWin, ClkLast }; /* clicks */
77 void (*func)(const Arg *arg);
81 typedef struct Client Client;
86 int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
89 Bool isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
97 unsigned long norm[ColLast];
98 unsigned long sel[ColLast];
108 } DC; /* draw context */
113 void (*func)(const Arg *);
119 void (*arrange)(void);
124 const char *instance;
130 /* function declarations */
131 static void adjustborder(Client *c, unsigned int bw);
132 static void applyrules(Client *c);
133 static void arrange(void);
134 static void attach(Client *c);
135 static void attachstack(Client *c);
136 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
137 static void checkotherwm(void);
138 static void cleanup(void);
139 static void clearurgent(Client *c);
140 static void configure(Client *c);
141 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
142 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
143 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
144 static void detach(Client *c);
145 static void detachstack(Client *c);
146 static void die(const char *errstr, ...);
147 static void drawbar(void);
148 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
149 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
150 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
151 static void expose(XEvent *e);
152 static void focus(Client *c);
153 static void focusin(XEvent *e);
154 static void focusstack(const Arg *arg);
155 static Client *getclient(Window w);
156 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
157 static long getstate(Window w);
158 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
159 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
160 static void grabkeys(void);
161 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
162 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
163 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
164 static void killclient(const Arg *arg);
165 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
166 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
167 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
168 static void monocle(void);
169 static void movemouse(const Arg *arg);
170 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
171 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
172 static void quit(const Arg *arg);
173 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
174 static void resizemouse(const Arg *arg);
175 static void restack(void);
176 static void run(void);
177 static void scan(void);
178 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
179 static void setlayout(const Arg *arg);
180 static void setmfact(const Arg *arg);
181 static void setup(void);
182 static void showhide(Client *c, unsigned int ntiled);
183 static void sigchld(int signal);
184 static void spawn(const Arg *arg);
185 static void tag(const Arg *arg);
186 static int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
187 static void tile(void);
188 static void togglebar(const Arg *arg);
189 static void togglefloating(const Arg *arg);
190 static void toggletag(const Arg *arg);
191 static void toggleview(const Arg *arg);
192 static void unmanage(Client *c);
193 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
194 static void updatebar(void);
195 static void updategeom(void);
196 static void updatenumlockmask(void);
197 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
198 static void updatestatus(void);
199 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
200 static void updatewmhints(Client *c);
201 static void view(const Arg *arg);
202 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
203 static int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
204 static int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
205 static void zoom(const Arg *arg);
208 static char stext[256];
210 static int sx, sy, sw, sh; /* X display screen geometry x, y, width, height */
211 static int by, bh, blw; /* bar geometry y, height and layout symbol width */
212 static int wx, wy, ww, wh; /* window area geometry x, y, width, height, bar excluded */
213 static unsigned int seltags = 0, sellt = 0;
214 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
215 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
216 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
217 [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
218 [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
219 [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
220 [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
221 [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
224 [KeyPress] = keypress,
225 [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
226 [MapRequest] = maprequest,
227 [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
228 [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
230 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
232 static Bool running = True;
233 static Client *clients = NULL;
234 static Client *sel = NULL;
235 static Client *stack = NULL;
236 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
239 static Layout *lt[] = { NULL, NULL };
240 static Window root, barwin;
241 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
244 /* compile-time check if all tags fit into an unsigned int bit array. */
245 struct NumTags { char limitexceeded[sizeof(unsigned int) * 8 < LENGTH(tags) ? -1 : 1]; };
247 /* function implementations */
249 adjustborder(Client *c, unsigned int bw) {
253 c->bw = wc.border_width = bw;
254 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
259 applyrules(Client *c) {
262 XClassHint ch = { 0 };
265 if(XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch)) {
266 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
268 if((!r->title || strstr(c->name, r->title))
269 && (!r->class || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->class)))
270 && (!r->instance || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->instance)))) {
271 c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
272 c->tags |= r->tags & TAGMASK ? r->tags & TAGMASK : tagset[seltags];
281 c->tags = tagset[seltags];
289 for(nt = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), nt++);
292 if(lt[sellt]->arrange)
293 lt[sellt]->arrange();
304 attachstack(Client *c) {
310 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
311 unsigned int i, x, click;
314 XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
317 if(ev->window == barwin) {
319 do x += TEXTW(tags[i]); while(ev->x >= x && ++i < LENGTH(tags));
320 if(i < LENGTH(tags)) {
324 else if(ev->x < x + blw)
326 else if(ev->x > wx + ww - TEXTW(stext))
327 click = ClkStatusText;
331 else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
333 click = ClkClientWin;
336 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
337 if(click == buttons[i].click && buttons[i].func && buttons[i].button == ev->button
338 && CLEANMASK(buttons[i].mask) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
339 buttons[i].func(click == ClkTagBar && buttons[i].arg.i == 0 ? &arg : &buttons[i].arg);
345 xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
347 /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
348 XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
351 die("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
352 XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
359 Layout foo = { "", NULL };
366 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
368 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
369 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
370 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
372 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
373 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
374 XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
375 XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
377 XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
381 clearurgent(Client *c) {
385 if(!(wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win)))
387 wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
388 XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
393 configure(Client *c) {
396 ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
404 ce.border_width = c->bw;
406 ce.override_redirect = False;
407 XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
411 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
412 XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
414 if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
424 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
426 XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
429 if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
430 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
431 c->bw = ev->border_width;
432 else if(c->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange) {
433 if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
435 if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
437 if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
439 if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
441 if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
442 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
443 if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
444 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
445 if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY)) && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
448 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
456 wc.width = ev->width;
457 wc.height = ev->height;
458 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
459 wc.sibling = ev->above;
460 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
461 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
467 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
469 XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
471 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
479 for(tc = &clients; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->next);
484 detachstack(Client *c) {
487 for(tc = &stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc = &(*tc)->snext);
492 die(const char *errstr, ...) {
495 va_start(ap, errstr);
496 vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
504 unsigned int i, occ = 0, urg = 0;
508 for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
515 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
516 dc.w = TEXTW(tags[i]);
517 col = tagset[seltags] & 1 << i ? dc.sel : dc.norm;
518 drawtext(tags[i], col, urg & 1 << i);
519 drawsquare(sel && sel->tags & 1 << i, occ & 1 << i, urg & 1 << i, col);
524 drawtext(lt[sellt]->symbol, dc.norm, False);
535 drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
536 if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
539 drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel, False);
540 drawsquare(sel->isfixed, sel->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
543 drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
545 XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, ww, bh, 0, 0);
550 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
553 XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
555 gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
556 XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
557 x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
561 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
562 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
565 r.width = r.height = x;
566 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
571 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
573 int i, x, y, h, len, olen;
574 XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
576 XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
577 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
581 h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
582 y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
584 /* shorten text if necessary */
585 for(len = MIN(olen, sizeof buf); len && textnw(text, len) > dc.w - h; len--);
588 memcpy(buf, text, len);
590 for(i = len; i && i > len - 3; buf[--i] = '.');
591 XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
593 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
595 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
599 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
601 XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
603 if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
605 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
613 XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
615 if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
621 if(!c || !ISVISIBLE(c))
622 for(c = stack; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->snext);
623 if(sel && sel != c) {
624 grabbuttons(sel, False);
625 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
632 grabbuttons(c, True);
633 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
634 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
637 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
643 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
644 XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
646 if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
647 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
651 focusstack(const Arg *arg) {
652 Client *c = NULL, *i;
657 for(c = sel->next; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
659 for(c = clients; c && !ISVISIBLE(c); c = c->next);
662 for(i = clients; i != sel; i = i->next)
666 for(; i; i = i->next)
677 getclient(Window w) {
680 for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
685 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
686 Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
689 if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
690 die("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
698 unsigned char *p = NULL;
699 unsigned long n, extra;
702 status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
703 &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
704 if(status != Success)
713 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
718 if(!text || size == 0)
721 XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
724 if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
725 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
727 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
729 strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
730 XFreeStringList(list);
733 text[size - 1] = '\0';
739 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
743 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
744 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
746 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(buttons); i++)
747 if(buttons[i].click == ClkClientWin)
748 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
749 XGrabButton(dpy, buttons[i].button, buttons[i].mask | modifiers[j], c->win, False, BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
751 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False,
752 BUTTONMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
761 unsigned int modifiers[] = { 0, LockMask, numlockmask, numlockmask|LockMask };
764 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
765 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
766 if((code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym)))
767 for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(modifiers); j++)
768 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | modifiers[j], root,
769 True, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
775 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
776 char *def, **missing;
780 dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
783 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
784 XFreeStringList(missing);
787 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
788 XFontStruct **xfonts;
790 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
791 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
792 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
793 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
794 dc.font.ascent = MAX(dc.font.ascent, (*xfonts)->ascent);
795 dc.font.descent = MAX(dc.font.descent,(*xfonts)->descent);
800 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
801 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
802 die("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
803 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
804 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
806 dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
810 isprotodel(Client *c) {
815 if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
816 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
817 if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
825 keypress(XEvent *e) {
831 keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
832 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
833 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
834 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state)
836 keys[i].func(&(keys[i].arg));
840 killclient(const Arg *arg) {
845 if(isprotodel(sel)) {
846 ev.type = ClientMessage;
847 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
848 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
849 ev.xclient.format = 32;
850 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
851 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
852 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
855 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
859 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
861 Client *c, *t = NULL;
865 if(!(c = malloc(sizeof(Client))))
866 die("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", sizeof(Client));
875 c->oldbw = wa->border_width;
876 if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
882 if(c->x + WIDTH(c) > sx + sw)
883 c->x = sx + sw - WIDTH(c);
884 if(c->y + HEIGHT(c) > sy + sh)
885 c->y = sy + sh - HEIGHT(c);
886 c->x = MAX(c->x, sx);
887 /* only fix client y-offset, if the client center might cover the bar */
888 c->y = MAX(c->y, ((by == 0) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) >= wx) && (c->x + (c->w / 2) < wx + ww)) ? bh : sy);
892 wc.border_width = c->bw;
893 XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
894 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
895 configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
897 XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
898 grabbuttons(c, False);
900 if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans))
901 t = getclient(trans);
907 c->isfloating = trans != None || c->isfixed;
909 XRaiseWindow(dpy, c->win);
912 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
913 XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
914 setclientstate(c, NormalState);
919 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
920 XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
922 XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
923 if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
928 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
929 static XWindowAttributes wa;
930 XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
932 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
934 if(wa.override_redirect)
936 if(!getclient(ev->window))
937 manage(ev->window, &wa);
945 for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c && n < 2; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
946 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
947 adjustborder(c, n == 1 ? 0 : borderpx);
948 resize(c, wx, wy, ww - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
953 movemouse(const Arg *arg) {
954 int x, y, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
965 if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
966 None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
968 XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui);
972 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
974 case ConfigureRequest:
977 handler[ev.type](&ev);
980 nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x);
981 ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y);
982 if(snap && nx >= wx && nx <= wx + ww
983 && ny >= wy && ny <= wy + wh) {
984 if(abs(wx - nx) < snap)
986 else if(abs((wx + ww) - (nx + WIDTH(c))) < snap)
987 nx = wx + ww - WIDTH(c);
988 if(abs(wy - ny) < snap)
990 else if(abs((wy + wh) - (ny + HEIGHT(c))) < snap)
991 ny = wy + wh - HEIGHT(c);
992 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange && (abs(nx - c->x) > snap || abs(ny - c->y) > snap))
993 togglefloating(NULL);
995 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
996 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1000 while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1003 XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1007 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1008 for(; c && (c->isfloating || !ISVISIBLE(c)); c = c->next);
1013 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1016 XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1018 if((ev->window == root) && (ev->atom = XA_WM_NAME))
1020 else if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1021 return; /* ignore */
1022 else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1025 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1026 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1027 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1030 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1038 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1047 quit(const Arg *arg) {
1052 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1056 /* see last two sentences in ICCCM 4.1.2.3 */
1057 Bool baseismin = c->basew == c->minw && c->baseh == c->minh;
1059 /* set minimum possible */
1063 if(!baseismin) { /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1068 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1069 if(c->mina > 0 && c->maxa > 0) {
1070 if(c->maxa < (float)w / h)
1072 else if(c->mina < (float)h / w)
1076 if(baseismin) { /* increment calculation requires this */
1081 /* adjust for increment value */
1087 /* restore base dimensions */
1091 w = MAX(w, c->minw);
1092 h = MAX(h, c->minh);
1095 w = MIN(w, c->maxw);
1098 h = MIN(h, c->maxh);
1100 if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1106 if(x + w + 2 * c->bw < sx)
1108 if(y + h + 2 * c->bw < sy)
1114 if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1117 c->w = wc.width = w;
1118 c->h = wc.height = h;
1119 wc.border_width = c->bw;
1120 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1121 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1128 resizemouse(const Arg *arg) {
1139 if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1140 None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1142 XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1146 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1148 case ConfigureRequest:
1151 handler[ev.type](&ev);
1154 nw = MAX(ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1155 nh = MAX(ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->bw + 1, 1);
1157 if(snap && nw >= wx && nw <= wx + ww
1158 && nh >= wy && nh <= wy + wh) {
1159 if(!c->isfloating && lt[sellt]->arrange
1160 && (abs(nw - c->w) > snap || abs(nh - c->h) > snap))
1161 togglefloating(NULL);
1163 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1164 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1168 while(ev.type != ButtonRelease);
1171 XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->bw - 1, c->h + c->bw - 1);
1172 XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1173 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1185 if(sel->isfloating || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1186 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1187 if(lt[sellt]->arrange) {
1188 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1189 wc.sibling = barwin;
1190 for(c = stack; c; c = c->snext)
1191 if(!c->isfloating && ISVISIBLE(c)) {
1192 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1193 wc.sibling = c->win;
1197 while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1204 /* main event loop */
1206 while(running && !XNextEvent(dpy, &ev)) {
1207 if(handler[ev.type])
1208 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1214 unsigned int i, num;
1215 Window d1, d2, *wins = NULL;
1216 XWindowAttributes wa;
1218 if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1219 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1220 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1221 || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1223 if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1224 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1226 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1227 if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1229 if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1230 && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1231 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1239 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1240 long data[] = {state, None};
1242 XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1243 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1247 setlayout(const Arg *arg) {
1248 if(!arg || !arg->v || arg->v != lt[sellt])
1251 lt[sellt] = (Layout *)arg->v;
1258 /* arg > 1.0 will set mfact absolutly */
1260 setmfact(const Arg *arg) {
1263 if(!arg || !lt[sellt]->arrange)
1265 f = arg->f < 1.0 ? arg->f + mfact : arg->f - 1.0;
1266 if(f < 0.1 || f > 0.9)
1276 XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1279 screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1280 root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1284 sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1285 sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1286 bh = dc.h = dc.font.height + 2;
1287 lt[0] = &layouts[0];
1288 lt[1] = &layouts[1 % LENGTH(layouts)];
1292 wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1293 wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1294 wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1295 netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1296 netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1299 wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1300 cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1301 cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1303 /* init appearance */
1304 dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(normbordercolor);
1305 dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(normbgcolor);
1306 dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(normfgcolor);
1307 dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(selbordercolor);
1308 dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(selbgcolor);
1309 dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(selfgcolor);
1310 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1311 dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1312 XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1314 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1317 for(blw = i = 0; LENGTH(layouts) > 1 && i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1318 w = TEXTW(layouts[i].symbol);
1322 wa.override_redirect = 1;
1323 wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1324 wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1326 barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, wx, by, ww, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1327 CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1328 CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1329 XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1330 XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1333 /* EWMH support per view */
1334 XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1335 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1337 /* select for events */
1338 wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask|ButtonPressMask
1339 |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask
1340 |PropertyChangeMask;
1341 XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1342 XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1348 showhide(Client *c, unsigned int ntiled) {
1351 if(ISVISIBLE(c)) { /* show clients top down */
1352 if(ntiled > 1) /* avoid unnecessary border reverts */
1353 adjustborder(c, borderpx);
1354 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1355 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || c->isfloating)
1356 resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
1357 showhide(c->snext, ntiled);
1359 else { /* hide clients bottom up */
1360 showhide(c->snext, ntiled);
1361 XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
1367 sigchld(int signal) {
1368 while(0 < waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG));
1372 spawn(const Arg *arg) {
1373 signal(SIGCHLD, sigchld);
1376 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1378 execvp(((char **)arg->v)[0], (char **)arg->v);
1379 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execvp %s", ((char **)arg->v)[0]);
1386 tag(const Arg *arg) {
1387 if(sel && arg->ui & TAGMASK) {
1388 sel->tags = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1394 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1398 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1401 return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1410 for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), n++);
1415 c = nexttiled(clients);
1417 adjustborder(c, n == 1 ? 0 : borderpx);
1418 resize(c, wx, wy, (n == 1 ? ww : mw) - 2 * c->bw, wh - 2 * c->bw, resizehints);
1424 x = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? c->x + c->w + 2 * c->bw : wx + mw;
1426 w = (wx + mw > c->x + c->w) ? wx + ww - x : ww - mw;
1431 for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(c->next); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1432 adjustborder(c, borderpx);
1433 resize(c, x, y, w - 2 * c->bw, /* remainder */ ((i + 1 == n)
1434 ? wy + wh - y - 2 * c->bw : h - 2 * c->bw), resizehints);
1436 y = c->y + HEIGHT(c);
1441 togglebar(const Arg *arg) {
1449 togglefloating(const Arg *arg) {
1452 sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating || sel->isfixed;
1454 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1459 toggletag(const Arg *arg) {
1465 mask = sel->tags ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1473 toggleview(const Arg *arg) {
1474 unsigned int mask = tagset[seltags] ^ (arg->ui & TAGMASK);
1477 tagset[seltags] = mask;
1483 unmanage(Client *c) {
1486 wc.border_width = c->oldbw;
1487 /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1489 XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1490 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1495 XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1496 setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1499 XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1505 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1507 XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1509 if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1515 if(dc.drawable != 0)
1516 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1517 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, ww, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1518 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, wx, by, ww, bh);
1525 XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1527 /* window area geometry */
1528 if(XineramaIsActive(dpy) && (info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &n))) {
1533 if(XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x, &y, &di, &di, &dui))
1534 for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
1535 if(INRECT(x, y, info[i].x_org, info[i].y_org, info[i].width, info[i].height))
1539 wy = showbar && topbar ? info[i].y_org + bh : info[i].y_org;
1541 wh = showbar ? info[i].height - bh : info[i].height;
1548 wy = showbar && topbar ? sy + bh : sy;
1550 wh = showbar ? sh - bh : sh;
1554 by = showbar ? (topbar ? wy - bh : wy + wh) : -bh;
1558 updatenumlockmask(void) {
1560 XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1563 modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1564 for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1565 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++)
1566 if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1567 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1568 XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1572 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1576 if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize))
1577 /* size is uninitialized, ensure that size.flags aren't used */
1579 if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1580 c->basew = size.base_width;
1581 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1583 else if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1584 c->basew = size.min_width;
1585 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1588 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1589 if(size.flags & PResizeInc) {
1590 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1591 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1594 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1595 if(size.flags & PMaxSize) {
1596 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1597 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1600 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1601 if(size.flags & PMinSize) {
1602 c->minw = size.min_width;
1603 c->minh = size.min_height;
1605 else if(size.flags & PBaseSize) {
1606 c->minw = size.base_width;
1607 c->minh = size.base_height;
1610 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1611 if(size.flags & PAspect) {
1612 c->mina = (float)size.min_aspect.y / (float)size.min_aspect.x;
1613 c->maxa = (float)size.max_aspect.x / (float)size.max_aspect.y;
1616 c->maxa = c->mina = 0.0;
1617 c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1618 && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1622 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1623 if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1624 gettextprop(c->win, XA_WM_NAME, c->name, sizeof c->name);
1629 if(!gettextprop(root, XA_WM_NAME, stext, sizeof(stext)))
1630 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1635 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1638 if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1639 if(c == sel && wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) {
1640 wmh->flags &= ~XUrgencyHint;
1641 XSetWMHints(dpy, c->win, wmh);
1644 c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1651 view(const Arg *arg) {
1652 if((arg->ui & TAGMASK) == tagset[seltags])
1654 seltags ^= 1; /* toggle sel tagset */
1655 if(arg->ui & TAGMASK)
1656 tagset[seltags] = arg->ui & TAGMASK;
1660 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1661 * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's). Other types of errors call Xlibs
1662 * default error handler, which may call exit. */
1664 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1665 if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1666 || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1667 || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1668 || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1669 || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1670 || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1671 || (ee->request_code == X_GrabButton && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1672 || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1673 || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1675 fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1676 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1677 return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1681 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1685 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1686 * is already running. */
1688 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1694 zoom(const Arg *arg) {
1697 if(!lt[sellt]->arrange || lt[sellt]->arrange == monocle || (sel && sel->isfloating))
1699 if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1700 if(!c || !(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1709 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1710 if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1711 die("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1713 die("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1715 if(!setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") || !XSupportsLocale())
1716 fprintf(stderr, "warning: no locale support\n");
1718 if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1719 die("dwm: cannot open display\n");