dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21  * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22  * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23  *
  24  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in the config.h
  25  * file. These arrays are kept static in event.o and tag.o respectively,
  26  * because no other part of dwm needs access to them.  The current layout is
  27  * represented by the lt pointer.
  28  *
  29  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  30  */
  31 #include <errno.h>
  32 #include <locale.h>
  33 #include <regex.h>
  34 #include <stdarg.h>
  35 #include <stdio.h>
  36 #include <stdlib.h>
  37 #include <string.h>
  38 #include <unistd.h>
  39 #include <sys/select.h>
  40 #include <sys/wait.h>
  41 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  42 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  43 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  44 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  45 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  46
  47 /* macros */
  48 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  49 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  50 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  51
  52 /* enums */
  53 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  54 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  55 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  56 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  57 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  58
  59 /* typedefs */
  60 typedef struct Client Client;
  61 struct Client {
  62         char name[256];
  63         int x, y, w, h;
  64         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  65         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  66         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  67         long flags;
  68         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  69         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating;
  70         Bool *tags;
  71         Client *next;
  72         Client *prev;
  73         Client *snext;
  74         Window win;
  75 };
  76
  77 typedef struct {
  78         int x, y, w, h;
  79         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  80         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  81         Drawable drawable;
  82         GC gc;
  83         struct {
  84                 int ascent;
  85                 int descent;
  86                 int height;
  87                 XFontSet set;
  88                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  89         } font;
  90 } DC; /* draw context */
  91
  92 typedef struct {
  93         unsigned long mod;
  94         KeySym keysym;
  95         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  96         const char *arg;
  97 } Key;
  98
  99 typedef struct {
 100         const char *symbol;
 101         void (*arrange)(void);
 102 } Layout;
 103
 104 typedef struct {
 105         const char *prop;
 106         const char *tags;
 107         Bool isfloating;
 108 } Rule;
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         regex_t *propregex;
 112         regex_t *tagregex;
 113 } Regs;
 114
 115 /* functions */
 116 static void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 117 static void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 118 static void spawn(const char *arg);
 119 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 120 static unsigned long initcolor(const char *colstr);
 121 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 122 static Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 123 static unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 124 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 125 static void drawbar(void);
 126 static void initstyle(void);
 127 static void initbar(void);
 128 static unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 129 static void togglebar(const char *arg);
 130 static void updatebarpos(void);
 131 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 132 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 133 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 134 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 135 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 136 static int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 137 static void ban(Client *c);
 138 static void configure(Client *c);
 139 static void killclient(const char *arg);
 140 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 141 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 142 static void unban(Client *c);
 143 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 144 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 145 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 146 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 147 static void movemouse(Client *c);
 148 static void resizemouse(Client *c);
 149 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 150 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 151 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 152 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 153 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 154 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 155 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 156 static void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 157 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 158 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 159 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 160 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 161 static unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 162 static void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 163 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 164 static void compileregs(void);
 165 static void focusnext(const char *arg);
 166 static void focusprev(const char *arg);
 167 static void initlayouts(void);
 168 static Bool isfloating(void);
 169 static Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 170 static void restack(void);
 171 static void setlayout(const char *arg);
 172 static void tag(const char *arg);
 173 static void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 174 static void togglemax(const char *arg);
 175 static void toggletag(const char *arg);
 176 static void toggleview(const char *arg);
 177 static void view(const char *arg);
 178 static void cleanup(void);
 179 static long getstate(Window w);
 180 static void scan(void);
 181 static void setup(void);
 182 static int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 183 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 184 static void quit(const char *arg);
 185 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 186 static void arrange(void);
 187 static void attach(Client *c);
 188 static void detach(Client *c);
 189 static void focus(Client *c);
 190 static Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
 191 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 192 static void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 193 static void tile(void);
 194 static void zoom(const char *arg);
 195
 196 #include "config.h"
 197
 198 /* variables */
 199 static char stext[256];
 200 static double mwfact = MWFACT;
 201 static int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 202 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 203 static unsigned int bh;
 204 static unsigned int blw = 0;
 205 static unsigned int bpos = BARPOS;
 206 static unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
 207 static unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
 208 static unsigned int nrules = 0;
 209 static unsigned int ntags;
 210 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 211 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 212         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 213         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 214         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 215         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 216         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 217         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 218         [Expose] = expose,
 219         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 220         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 221         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 222         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 223         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 224 };
 225 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 226 static Bool otherwm, readin;
 227 static Bool running = True;
 228 static Bool *seltags;
 229 static Bool selscreen = True;
 230 static Client *clients = NULL;
 231 static Client *sel = NULL;
 232 static Client *stack = NULL;
 233 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 234 static Display *dpy;
 235 static DC dc = {0};
 236 static Window barwin, root;
 237 static Regs *regs = NULL;
 238
 239 static void
 240 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 241         va_list ap;
 242
 243         va_start(ap, errstr);
 244         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 245         va_end(ap);
 246         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 247 }
 248
 249 static void *
 250 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 251         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 252
 253         if(!res)
 254                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 255         return res;
 256 }
 257
 258 static void
 259 spawn(const char *arg) {
 260         static char *shell = NULL;
 261
 262         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
 263                 shell = "/bin/sh";
 264         if(!arg)
 265                 return;
 266         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
 267          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
 268         if(fork() == 0) {
 269                 if(fork() == 0) {
 270                         if(dpy)
 271                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
 272                         setsid();
 273                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
 274                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
 275                         perror(" failed");
 276                 }
 277                 exit(0);
 278         }
 279         wait(0);
 280 }
 281
 282 static void
 283 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 284         int x;
 285         XGCValues gcv;
 286         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 287
 288         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 289         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 290         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 291         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 292         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 293         if(filled) {
 294                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 295                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 296         }
 297         else if(empty) {
 298                 r.width = r.height = x;
 299                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 300         }
 301 }
 302
 303 static unsigned long
 304 initcolor(const char *colstr) {
 305         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 306         XColor color;
 307
 308         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 309                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 310         return color.pixel;
 311 }
 312
 313 static void
 314 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 315         char *def, **missing;
 316         int i, n;
 317
 318         missing = NULL;
 319         if(dc.font.set)
 320                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 321         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 322         if(missing) {
 323                 while(n--)
 324                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 325                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 326         }
 327         if(dc.font.set) {
 328                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 329                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 330                 char **font_names;
 331                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 332                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 333                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 334                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 335                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 336                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 337                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 338                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 339                         xfonts++;
 340                 }
 341         }
 342         else {
 343                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 344                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 345                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 346                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 347                 || !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 348                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 349                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 350                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 351         }
 352         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 353 }
 354
 355 static Bool
 356 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 357         Client *c;
 358
 359         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 360                 if(c->tags[t])
 361                         return True;
 362         return False;
 363 }
 364
 365 static unsigned int
 366 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
 367         XRectangle r;
 368
 369         if(dc.font.set) {
 370                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
 371                 return r.width;
 372         }
 373         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
 374 }
 375
 376 static void
 377 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 378         int x, y, w, h;
 379         static char buf[256];
 380         unsigned int len, olen;
 381         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 382
 383         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 384         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 385         if(!text)
 386                 return;
 387         w = 0;
 388         olen = len = strlen(text);
 389         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 390                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 391         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 392         buf[len] = 0;
 393         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 394         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 395         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 396         /* shorten text if necessary */
 397         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 398                 buf[--len] = 0;
 399         if(len < olen) {
 400                 if(len > 1)
 401                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 402                 if(len > 2)
 403                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 404                 if(len > 3)
 405                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 406         }
 407         if(w > dc.w)
 408                 return; /* too long */
 409         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 410         if(dc.font.set)
 411                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 412         else
 413                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 414 }
 415
 416 static void
 417 drawbar(void) {
 418         int i, x;
 419
 420         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 421         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 422                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 423                 if(seltags[i]) {
 424                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 425                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 426                 }
 427                 else {
 428                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 429                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 430                 }
 431                 dc.x += dc.w;
 432         }
 433         dc.w = blw;
 434         drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
 435         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 436         dc.w = textw(stext);
 437         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 438         if(dc.x < x) {
 439                 dc.x = x;
 440                 dc.w = sw - x;
 441         }
 442         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 443         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 444                 dc.x = x;
 445                 if(sel) {
 446                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 447                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 448                 }
 449                 else
 450                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 451         }
 452         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 453         XSync(dpy, False);
 454 }
 455
 456 static void
 457 initstyle(void) {
 458         dc.norm[ColBorder] = initcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
 459         dc.norm[ColBG] = initcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
 460         dc.norm[ColFG] = initcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
 461         dc.sel[ColBorder] = initcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
 462         dc.sel[ColBG] = initcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
 463         dc.sel[ColFG] = initcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
 464         initfont(FONT);
 465         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
 466 }
 467
 468 static void
 469 initbar(void) {
 470         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
 471
 472         wa.override_redirect = 1;
 473         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
 474         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
 475         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
 476                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
 477                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
 478         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
 479         updatebarpos();
 480         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
 481         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
 482         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 483         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
 484         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
 485         if(!dc.font.set)
 486                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
 487 }
 488
 489 static unsigned int
 490 textw(const char *text) {
 491         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
 492 }
 493
 494 static void
 495 togglebar(const char *arg) {
 496         if(bpos == BarOff)
 497                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
 498         else
 499                 bpos = BarOff;
 500         updatebarpos();
 501         arrange();
 502 }
 503
 504 static void
 505 updatebarpos(void) {
 506         XEvent ev;
 507
 508         wax = sx;
 509         way = sy;
 510         wah = sh;
 511         waw = sw;
 512         switch(bpos) {
 513         default:
 514                 wah -= bh;
 515                 way += bh;
 516                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
 517                 break;
 518         case BarBot:
 519                 wah -= bh;
 520                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
 521                 break;
 522         case BarOff:
 523                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
 524                 break;
 525         }
 526         XSync(dpy, False);
 527         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
 528 }
 529
 530 static void
 531 attachstack(Client *c) {
 532         c->snext = stack;
 533         stack = c;
 534 }
 535
 536 static void
 537 detachstack(Client *c) {
 538         Client **tc;
 539
 540         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 541         *tc = c->snext;
 542 }
 543
 544 static void
 545 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 546         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 547
 548         if(focused) {
 549                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 550                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 551                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 552                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 553                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 554                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 555                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 556                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 557
 558                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 559                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 560                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 561                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 562                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 563                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 564                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 565                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 566
 567                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 568                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 569                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 570                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 571                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 572                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 573                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 574                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 575         }
 576         else
 577                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 578                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 579 }
 580
 581 static Bool
 582 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 583         int i, n;
 584         Atom *protocols;
 585         Bool ret = False;
 586
 587         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 588                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 589                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 590                                 ret = True;
 591                 XFree(protocols);
 592         }
 593         return ret;
 594 }
 595
 596 static void
 597 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
 598         long data[] = {state, None};
 599
 600         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
 601                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
 602 }
 603
 604 static int
 605 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
 606         return 0;
 607 }
 608
 609 static void
 610 ban(Client *c) {
 611         if(c->isbanned)
 612                 return;
 613         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 614         c->isbanned = True;
 615 }
 616
 617 static void
 618 configure(Client *c) {
 619         XConfigureEvent ce;
 620
 621         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 622         ce.display = dpy;
 623         ce.event = c->win;
 624         ce.window = c->win;
 625         ce.x = c->x;
 626         ce.y = c->y;
 627         ce.width = c->w;
 628         ce.height = c->h;
 629         ce.border_width = c->border;
 630         ce.above = None;
 631         ce.override_redirect = False;
 632         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 633 }
 634
 635 static void
 636 killclient(const char *arg) {
 637         XEvent ev;
 638
 639         if(!sel)
 640                 return;
 641         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 642                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 643                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 644                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 645                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 646                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 647                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 648                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 649         }
 650         else
 651                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 652 }
 653
 654 static void
 655 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 656         unsigned int i;
 657         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 658         Window trans;
 659         Status rettrans;
 660         XWindowChanges wc;
 661
 662         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 663         c->tags = emallocz(ntags * sizeof(Bool));
 664         c->win = w;
 665         c->x = wa->x;
 666         c->y = wa->y;
 667         c->w = wa->width;
 668         c->h = wa->height;
 669         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
 670         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 671                 c->x = sx;
 672                 c->y = sy;
 673                 c->border = wa->border_width;
 674         }
 675         else {
 676                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
 677                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
 678                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
 679                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
 680                 if(c->x < wax)
 681                         c->x = wax;
 682                 if(c->y < way)
 683                         c->y = way;
 684                 c->border = BORDERPX;
 685         }
 686         wc.border_width = c->border;
 687         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 688         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 689         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 690         updatesizehints(c);
 691         XSelectInput(dpy, w,
 692                 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
 693         grabbuttons(c, False);
 694         updatetitle(c);
 695         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
 696                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
 697         if(t)
 698                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 699                         c->tags[i] = t->tags[i];
 700         applyrules(c);
 701         if(!c->isfloating)
 702                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
 703         attach(c);
 704         attachstack(c);
 705         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 706         ban(c);
 707         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 708         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 709         arrange();
 710 }
 711
 712 static void
 713 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
 714         double dx, dy, max, min, ratio;
 715         XWindowChanges wc;
 716
 717         if(sizehints) {
 718                 if(c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && (h - c->baseh) > 0 && (w - c->basew) > 0) {
 719                         dx = (double)(w - c->basew);
 720                         dy = (double)(h - c->baseh);
 721                         min = (double)(c->minax) / (double)(c->minay);
 722                         max = (double)(c->maxax) / (double)(c->maxay);
 723                         ratio = dx / dy;
 724                         if(max > 0 && min > 0 && ratio > 0) {
 725                                 if(ratio < min) {
 726                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (min * min + 1);
 727                                         dx = dy * min;
 728                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
 729                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
 730                                 }
 731                                 else if(ratio > max) {
 732                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (max * max + 1);
 733                                         dx = dy * min;
 734                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
 735                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
 736                                 }
 737                         }
 738                 }
 739                 if(c->minw && w < c->minw)
 740                         w = c->minw;
 741                 if(c->minh && h < c->minh)
 742                         h = c->minh;
 743                 if(c->maxw && w > c->maxw)
 744                         w = c->maxw;
 745                 if(c->maxh && h > c->maxh)
 746                         h = c->maxh;
 747                 if(c->incw)
 748                         w -= (w - c->basew) % c->incw;
 749                 if(c->inch)
 750                         h -= (h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
 751         }
 752         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
 753                 return;
 754         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
 755         if(x > sw)
 756                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
 757         if(y > sh)
 758                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
 759         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
 760                 x = sx;
 761         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
 762                 y = sy;
 763         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
 764                 c->x = wc.x = x;
 765                 c->y = wc.y = y;
 766                 c->w = wc.width = w;
 767                 c->h = wc.height = h;
 768                 wc.border_width = c->border;
 769                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 770                 configure(c);
 771                 XSync(dpy, False);
 772         }
 773 }
 774
 775 static void
 776 unban(Client *c) {
 777         if(!c->isbanned)
 778                 return;
 779         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
 780         c->isbanned = False;
 781 }
 782
 783 static void
 784 unmanage(Client *c) {
 785         XWindowChanges wc;
 786
 787         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
 788         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
 789         XGrabServer(dpy);
 790         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
 791         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
 792         detach(c);
 793         detachstack(c);
 794         if(sel == c)
 795                 focus(NULL);
 796         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 797         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
 798         free(c->tags);
 799         free(c);
 800         XSync(dpy, False);
 801         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 802         XUngrabServer(dpy);
 803         arrange();
 804 }
 805
 806 static void
 807 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
 808         long msize;
 809         XSizeHints size;
 810
 811         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
 812                 size.flags = PSize;
 813         c->flags = size.flags;
 814         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
 815                 c->basew = size.base_width;
 816                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
 817         }
 818         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
 819                 c->basew = size.min_width;
 820                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
 821         }
 822         else
 823                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
 824         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
 825                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
 826                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
 827         }
 828         else
 829                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
 830         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
 831                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
 832                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
 833         }
 834         else
 835                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
 836         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
 837                 c->minw = size.min_width;
 838                 c->minh = size.min_height;
 839         }
 840         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
 841                 c->minw = size.base_width;
 842                 c->minh = size.base_height;
 843         }
 844         else
 845                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
 846         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
 847                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
 848                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
 849                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
 850                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
 851         }
 852         else
 853                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
 854         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
 855                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
 856 }
 857
 858 static void
 859 updatetitle(Client *c) {
 860         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
 861                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
 862 }
 863
 864 static Client *
 865 getclient(Window w) {
 866         Client *c;
 867
 868         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 869         return c;
 870 }
 871
 872 static void
 873 movemouse(Client *c) {
 874         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 875         unsigned int dui;
 876         Window dummy;
 877         XEvent ev;
 878
 879         ocx = nx = c->x;
 880         ocy = ny = c->y;
 881         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 882                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 883                 return;
 884         c->ismax = False;
 885         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
 886         for(;;) {
 887                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 888                 switch (ev.type) {
 889                 case ButtonRelease:
 890                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 891                         return;
 892                 case ConfigureRequest:
 893                 case Expose:
 894                 case MapRequest:
 895                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
 896                         break;
 897                 case MotionNotify:
 898                         XSync(dpy, False);
 899                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
 900                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
 901                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
 902                                 nx = wax;
 903                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
 904                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
 905                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
 906                                 ny = way;
 907                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
 908                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
 909                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
 910                         break;
 911                 }
 912         }
 913 }
 914
 915 static void
 916 resizemouse(Client *c) {
 917         int ocx, ocy;
 918         int nw, nh;
 919         XEvent ev;
 920
 921         ocx = c->x;
 922         ocy = c->y;
 923         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 924                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 925                 return;
 926         c->ismax = False;
 927         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
 928         for(;;) {
 929                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
 930                 switch(ev.type) {
 931                 case ButtonRelease:
 932                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 933                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
 934                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 935                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
 936                         return;
 937                 case ConfigureRequest:
 938                 case Expose:
 939                 case MapRequest:
 940                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
 941                         break;
 942                 case MotionNotify:
 943                         XSync(dpy, False);
 944                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
 945                                 nw = 1;
 946                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
 947                                 nh = 1;
 948                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
 949                         break;
 950                 }
 951         }
 952 }
 953
 954 static void
 955 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 956         unsigned int i, x;
 957         Client *c;
 958         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 959
 960         if(barwin == ev->window) {
 961                 x = 0;
 962                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 963                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 964                         if(ev->x < x) {
 965                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 966                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 967                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 968                                         else
 969                                                 view(tags[i]);
 970                                 }
 971                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 972                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 973                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 974                                         else
 975                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 976                                 }
 977                                 return;
 978                         }
 979                 }
 980                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 981                         setlayout(NULL);
 982         }
 983         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 984                 focus(c);
 985                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 986                         return;
 987                 if(ev->button == Button1 && (isfloating() || c->isfloating)) {
 988                         restack();
 989                         movemouse(c);
 990                 }
 991                 else if(ev->button == Button2)
 992                         zoom(NULL);
 993                 else if(ev->button == Button3
 994                 && (isfloating() || c->isfloating) && !c->isfixed)
 995                 {
 996                         restack();
 997                         resizemouse(c);
 998                 }
 999         }
1000 }
1001
1002 static void
1003 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
1004         Client *c;
1005         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
1006         XWindowChanges wc;
1007
1008         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1009                 c->ismax = False;
1010                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
1011                         c->border = ev->border_width;
1012                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isfloating()) {
1013                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
1014                                 c->x = ev->x;
1015                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
1016                                 c->y = ev->y;
1017                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
1018                                 c->w = ev->width;
1019                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
1020                                 c->h = ev->height;
1021                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
1022                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
1023                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
1024                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
1025                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
1026                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
1027                                 configure(c);
1028                         if(isvisible(c))
1029                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
1030                 }
1031                 else
1032                         configure(c);
1033         }
1034         else {
1035                 wc.x = ev->x;
1036                 wc.y = ev->y;
1037                 wc.width = ev->width;
1038                 wc.height = ev->height;
1039                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
1040                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
1041                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
1042                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
1043         }
1044         XSync(dpy, False);
1045 }
1046
1047 static void
1048 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
1049         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
1050
1051         if (ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
1052                 sw = ev->width;
1053                 sh = ev->height;
1054                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1055                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1056                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
1057                 updatebarpos();
1058                 arrange();
1059         }
1060 }
1061
1062 static void
1063 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
1064         Client *c;
1065         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
1066
1067         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1068                 unmanage(c);
1069 }
1070
1071 static void
1072 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
1073         Client *c;
1074         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
1075
1076         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
1077                 return;
1078         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1079                 focus(c);
1080         else if(ev->window == root) {
1081                 selscreen = True;
1082                 focus(NULL);
1083         }
1084 }
1085
1086 static void
1087 expose(XEvent *e) {
1088         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
1089
1090         if(ev->count == 0) {
1091                 if(barwin == ev->window)
1092                         drawbar();
1093         }
1094 }
1095
1096 static void
1097 keypress(XEvent *e) {
1098         KEYS
1099         unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
1100         unsigned int i;
1101         KeyCode code;
1102         KeySym keysym;
1103         XKeyEvent *ev;
1104
1105         if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
1106                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
1107                 for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1108                         code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
1109                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
1110                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1111                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
1112                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1113                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
1114                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1115                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
1116                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1117                 }
1118                 return;
1119         }
1120         ev = &e->xkey;
1121         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
1122         for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
1123                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
1124                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
1125                 {
1126                         if(keys[i].func)
1127                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
1128                 }
1129 }
1130
1131 static void
1132 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
1133         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
1134
1135         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
1136                 selscreen = False;
1137                 focus(NULL);
1138         }
1139 }
1140
1141 static void
1142 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1143         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1144
1145         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1146         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1147                 keypress(NULL);
1148 }
1149
1150 static void
1151 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1152         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1153         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1154
1155         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1156                 return;
1157         if(wa.override_redirect)
1158                 return;
1159         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1160                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1161 }
1162
1163 static void
1164 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1165         Client *c;
1166         Window trans;
1167         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1168
1169         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1170                 return; /* ignore */
1171         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1172                 switch (ev->atom) {
1173                         default: break;
1174                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1175                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1176                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1177                                         arrange();
1178                                 break;
1179                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1180                                 updatesizehints(c);
1181                                 break;
1182                 }
1183                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1184                         updatetitle(c);
1185                         if(c == sel)
1186                                 drawbar();
1187                 }
1188         }
1189 }
1190
1191 static void
1192 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1193         Client *c;
1194         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1195
1196         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1197                 unmanage(c);
1198 }
1199
1200 static unsigned int
1201 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
1202         unsigned int i;
1203
1204         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1205                 if(tags[i] == tag)
1206                         return i;
1207         return 0;
1208 }
1209
1210 static void
1211 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
1212         Client *c;
1213
1214         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1215                 if(isvisible(c))
1216                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
1217 }
1218
1219 static void
1220 applyrules(Client *c) {
1221         static char buf[512];
1222         unsigned int i, j;
1223         regmatch_t tmp;
1224         Bool matched = False;
1225         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
1226
1227         /* rule matching */
1228         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
1229         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
1230                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
1231                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
1232         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
1233                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
1234                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
1235                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < ntags; j++) {
1236                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
1237                                         matched = True;
1238                                         c->tags[j] = True;
1239                                 }
1240                         }
1241                 }
1242         if(ch.res_class)
1243                 XFree(ch.res_class);
1244         if(ch.res_name)
1245                 XFree(ch.res_name);
1246         if(!matched)
1247                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1248                         c->tags[i] = seltags[i];
1249 }
1250
1251 static void
1252 compileregs(void) {
1253         unsigned int i;
1254         regex_t *reg;
1255
1256         if(regs)
1257                 return;
1258         nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
1259         regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
1260         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
1261                 if(rules[i].prop) {
1262                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
1263                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
1264                                 free(reg);
1265                         else
1266                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
1267                 }
1268                 if(rules[i].tags) {
1269                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
1270                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
1271                                 free(reg);
1272                         else
1273                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
1274                 }
1275         }
1276 }
1277
1278 static void
1279 focusnext(const char *arg) {
1280         Client *c;
1281
1282         if(!sel)
1283                 return;
1284         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
1285         if(!c)
1286                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
1287         if(c) {
1288                 focus(c);
1289                 restack();
1290         }
1291 }
1292
1293 static void
1294 focusprev(const char *arg) {
1295         Client *c;
1296
1297         if(!sel)
1298                 return;
1299         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
1300         if(!c) {
1301                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
1302                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
1303         }
1304         if(c) {
1305                 focus(c);
1306                 restack();
1307         }
1308 }
1309
1310 static void
1311 initlayouts(void) {
1312         unsigned int i, w;
1313
1314         nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
1315         for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
1316                 w = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1317                 if(w > blw)
1318                         blw = w;
1319         }
1320 }
1321
1322 static Bool
1323 isfloating(void) {
1324         return layouts[ltidx].arrange == floating;
1325 }
1326
1327 static Bool
1328 isvisible(Client *c) {
1329         unsigned int i;
1330
1331         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1332                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
1333                         return True;
1334         return False;
1335 }
1336
1337 static void
1338 restack(void) {
1339         Client *c;
1340         XEvent ev;
1341         XWindowChanges wc;
1342
1343         drawbar();
1344         if(!sel)
1345                 return;
1346         if(sel->isfloating || isfloating())
1347                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1348         if(!isfloating()) {
1349                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1350                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1351                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1352                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1353                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1354                 }
1355                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1356                         if(c == sel)
1357                                 continue;
1358                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1359                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1360                 }
1361         }
1362         XSync(dpy, False);
1363         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1364 }
1365
1366 static void
1367 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1368         unsigned int i;
1369
1370         if(!arg) {
1371                 if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1372                         ltidx = 0;;
1373         }
1374         else {
1375                 for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1376                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1377                                 break;
1378                 if(i == nlayouts)
1379                         return;
1380                 ltidx = i;
1381         }
1382         if(sel)
1383                 arrange();
1384         else
1385                 drawbar();
1386 }
1387
1388 static void
1389 tag(const char *arg) {
1390         unsigned int i;
1391
1392         if(!sel)
1393                 return;
1394         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1395                 sel->tags[i] = arg == NULL;
1396         i = idxoftag(arg);
1397         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1398                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1399         arrange();
1400 }
1401
1402 static void
1403 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1404         if(!sel)
1405                 return;
1406         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1407         if(sel->isfloating)
1408                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1409         arrange();
1410 }
1411
1412 static void
1413 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1414         XEvent ev;
1415
1416         if(!sel || (!isfloating() && !sel->isfloating) || sel->isfixed)
1417                 return;
1418         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1419                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1420                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1421                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1422                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1423                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1424         }
1425         else
1426                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1427         drawbar();
1428         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1429 }
1430
1431 static void
1432 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1433         unsigned int i, j;
1434
1435         if(!sel)
1436                 return;
1437         i = idxoftag(arg);
1438         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1439         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1440         if(j == ntags)
1441                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1442         arrange();
1443 }
1444
1445 static void
1446 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1447         unsigned int i, j;
1448
1449         i = idxoftag(arg);
1450         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1451         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !seltags[j]; j++);
1452         if(j == ntags)
1453                 seltags[i] = True; /* cannot toggle last view */
1454         arrange();
1455 }
1456
1457 static void
1458 view(const char *arg) {
1459         unsigned int i;
1460
1461         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1462                 seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1463         i = idxoftag(arg);
1464         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1465                 seltags[i] = True;
1466         arrange();
1467 }
1468
1469 static void
1470 cleanup(void) {
1471         close(STDIN_FILENO);
1472         while(stack) {
1473                 unban(stack);
1474                 unmanage(stack);
1475         }
1476         if(dc.font.set)
1477                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
1478         else
1479                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
1480         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
1481         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1482         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
1483         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
1484         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
1485         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
1486         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
1487         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1488         XSync(dpy, False);
1489         free(seltags);
1490 }
1491
1492 static long
1493 getstate(Window w) {
1494         int format, status;
1495         long result = -1;
1496         unsigned char *p = NULL;
1497         unsigned long n, extra;
1498         Atom real;
1499
1500         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
1501                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
1502         if(status != Success)
1503                 return -1;
1504         if(n != 0)
1505                 result = *p;
1506         XFree(p);
1507         return result;
1508 }
1509
1510 static void
1511 scan(void) {
1512         unsigned int i, num;
1513         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1514         XWindowAttributes wa;
1515
1516         wins = NULL;
1517         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1518                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1519                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1520                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1521                                 continue;
1522                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1523                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1524                 }
1525                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1526                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1527                                 continue;
1528                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1529                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1530                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1531                 }
1532         }
1533         if(wins)
1534                 XFree(wins);
1535 }
1536
1537 static void
1538 setup(void) {
1539         int i, j;
1540         unsigned int mask;
1541         Window w;
1542         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1543         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1544
1545         /* init atoms */
1546         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1547         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1548         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1549         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1550         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1551         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1552         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1553                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1554         /* init cursors */
1555         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1556         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1557         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1558         /* init modifier map */
1559         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1560         for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1561                 for (j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1562                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1563                                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1564                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1565                 }
1566         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1567         /* select for events */
1568         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1569                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1570         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1571         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1572         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1573         keypress(NULL); /* grabkeys */
1574         compileregs();
1575         for(ntags = 0; tags[ntags]; ntags++);
1576         seltags = emallocz(sizeof(Bool) * ntags);
1577         seltags[0] = True;
1578         /* geometry */
1579         sx = sy = 0;
1580         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1581         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1582         initstyle();
1583         initlayouts();
1584         initbar();
1585         /* multihead support */
1586         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &i, &i, &i, &i, &mask);
1587 }
1588
1589 /*
1590  * Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1591  * is already running.
1592  */
1593 static int
1594 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1595         otherwm = True;
1596         return -1;
1597 }
1598
1599 static Bool
1600 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
1601         char **list = NULL;
1602         int n;
1603         XTextProperty name;
1604
1605         if(!text || size == 0)
1606                 return False;
1607         text[0] = '\0';
1608         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
1609         if(!name.nitems)
1610                 return False;
1611         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
1612                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
1613         else {
1614                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
1615                 && n > 0 && *list)
1616                 {
1617                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
1618                         XFreeStringList(list);
1619                 }
1620         }
1621         text[size - 1] = '\0';
1622         XFree(name.value);
1623         return True;
1624 }
1625
1626 static void
1627 quit(const char *arg) {
1628         readin = running = False;
1629 }
1630
1631 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1632  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1633  * default error handler, which may call exit.
1634  */
1635 static int
1636 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1637         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1638         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1639         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1640         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1641         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1642         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1643         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1644         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1645                 return 0;
1646         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1647                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1648         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1649 }
1650
1651 static void
1652 arrange(void) {
1653         Client *c;
1654
1655         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1656                 if(isvisible(c))
1657                         unban(c);
1658                 else
1659                         ban(c);
1660         layouts[ltidx].arrange();
1661         focus(NULL);
1662         restack();
1663 }
1664
1665 static void
1666 attach(Client *c) {
1667         if(clients)
1668                 clients->prev = c;
1669         c->next = clients;
1670         clients = c;
1671 }
1672
1673 static void
1674 detach(Client *c) {
1675         if(c->prev)
1676                 c->prev->next = c->next;
1677         if(c->next)
1678                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
1679         if(c == clients)
1680                 clients = c->next;
1681         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
1682 }
1683
1684 static void
1685 focus(Client *c) {
1686         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
1687                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
1688         if(sel && sel != c) {
1689                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
1690                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1691         }
1692         if(c) {
1693                 detachstack(c);
1694                 attachstack(c);
1695                 grabbuttons(c, True);
1696         }
1697         sel = c;
1698         drawbar();
1699         if(!selscreen)
1700                 return;
1701         if(c) {
1702                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
1703                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1704         }
1705         else
1706                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1707 }
1708
1709 static Bool
1710 isarrange(void (*func)())
1711 {
1712         return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
1713 }
1714
1715 static Client *
1716 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1717         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1718         return c;
1719 }
1720
1721 static void
1722 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1723         double delta;
1724
1725         if(!isarrange(tile))
1726                 return;
1727         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1728         if(arg == NULL)
1729                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1730         else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1731                 if(arg[0] != '+' && arg[0] != '-')
1732                         mwfact = delta;
1733                 else
1734                         mwfact += delta;
1735                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1736                         mwfact = 0.1;
1737                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1738                         mwfact = 0.9;
1739         }
1740         arrange();
1741 }
1742
1743 static void
1744 tile(void) {
1745         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1746         Client *c;
1747
1748         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1749                 n++;
1750
1751         /* window geoms */
1752         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1753         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1754         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1755                 th = wah;
1756
1757         nx = wax;
1758         ny = way;
1759         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1760                 c->ismax = False;
1761                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1762                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1763                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1764                 }
1765                 else {  /* tile window */
1766                         if(i == 1) {
1767                                 ny = way;
1768                                 nx += mw;
1769                         }
1770                         nw = waw - mw - 2 * c->border;
1771                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1772                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1773                         else
1774                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1775                 }
1776                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1777                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1778                         ny += nh + 2 * c->border;
1779         }
1780 }
1781
1782 static void
1783 zoom(const char *arg) {
1784         Client *c;
1785
1786         if(!sel || !isarrange(tile) || sel->isfloating)
1787                 return;
1788         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1789                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1790                         return;
1791         detach(c);
1792         attach(c);
1793         focus(c);
1794         arrange();
1795 }
1796
1797 int
1798 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1799         char *p;
1800         int r, xfd;
1801         fd_set rd;
1802         XEvent ev;
1803
1804         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1805                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1806         else if(argc != 1)
1807                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1808         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1809         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1810                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1811         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1812         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1813         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1814         otherwm = False;
1815         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
1816         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
1817         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
1818         XSync(dpy, False);
1819         if(otherwm)
1820                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
1821
1822         XSync(dpy, False);
1823         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
1824         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1825         XSync(dpy, False);
1826         setup();
1827         drawbar();
1828         scan();
1829
1830         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1831         XSync(dpy, False);
1832         readin = True;
1833         while(running) {
1834                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1835                 if(readin)
1836                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1837                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1838                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1839                         if(errno == EINTR)
1840                                 continue;
1841                         eprint("select failed\n");
1842                 }
1843                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1844                         switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1845                         case -1:
1846                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1847                                 stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1848                                 readin = False;
1849                                 break;
1850                         case 0:
1851                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1852                                 readin = False;
1853                                 break;
1854                         default:
1855                                 for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1856                                 for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1857                                 if(p > stext)
1858                                         strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1859                         }
1860                         drawbar();
1861                 }
1862                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1863                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1864                         if(handler[ev.type])
1865                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1866                 }
1867         }
1868         cleanup();
1869         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1870         return 0;
1871 }