-/*
- * (C)opyright MMVI Anselm R. Garbe <garbeam at gmail dot com>
+/* (C)opyright MMVI-MMVII Anselm R. Garbe <garbeam at gmail dot com>
* See LICENSE file for license details.
+ *
+ * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
+ * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
+ * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
+ * events about window (dis-)appearance. Only one X connection at a time is
+ * allowed to select for this event mask.
+ *
+ * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking. Due reading
+ * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
+ * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
+ * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
+ * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
+ * event dispatching in O(1) time.
+ *
+ * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
+ * set the override_redirect flag. Clients are organized in a global
+ * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
+ * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
+ * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client. For each client dwm
+ * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
+ * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
+ *
+ * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in the config.h
+ * file. These arrays are kept static in event.o and tag.o respectively,
+ * because no other part of dwm needs access to them. The current layout is
+ * represented by the lt pointer.
+ *
+ * To understand everything else, start reading main.c:main().
*/
#include "config.h"
/* mask shorthands, used in event.c and client.c */
#define BUTTONMASK (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
-#define MOUSEMASK (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
-#define PROTODELWIN 1
-typedef union {
- const char *cmd;
- int i;
-} Arg;
-
-/* atoms */
-enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };
-enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMLast };
-
-/* cursor */
-enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };
-
-/* color */
-enum { ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };
-
-/* window corners */
-typedef enum { TopLeft, TopRight, BotLeft, BotRight } Corner;
+enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast }; /* EWMH atoms */
+enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMState, WMLast }; /* default atoms */
+enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast }; /* cursor */
+enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast }; /* color */
typedef struct {
int ascent;
XFontStruct *xfont;
} Fnt;
-typedef struct { /* draw context */
+typedef struct {
int x, y, w, h;
unsigned long norm[ColLast];
unsigned long sel[ColLast];
- unsigned long status[ColLast];
Drawable drawable;
Fnt font;
GC gc;
-} DC;
+} DC; /* draw context */
typedef struct Client Client;
struct Client {
char name[256];
- int proto;
int x, y, w, h;
- int tx, ty, tw, th; /* title */
+ int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
- int grav;
+ int minax, minay, maxax, maxay;
long flags;
- unsigned int border, weight;
- Bool isfloat;
+ unsigned int border;
+ Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isuntiled;
Bool *tags;
Client *next;
Client *prev;
Client *snext;
Window win;
- Window twin;
};
-extern const char *tags[];
-extern char stext[1024];
-extern int bx, by, bw, bh, bmw, mw, screen, sx, sy, sw, sh;
-extern unsigned int ntags, numlockmask;
-extern void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *);
-extern void (*arrange)(Arg *);
+typedef struct {
+ const char *symbol;
+ void (*arrange)(void);
+} Layout;
+
+extern const char *tags[]; /* all tags */
+extern char stext[256]; /* status text */
+extern int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh; /* screen geometry */
+extern int wax, way, wah, waw; /* windowarea geometry */
+extern unsigned int bh, blw; /* bar height, bar layout label width */
+extern unsigned int ntags, numlockmask; /* number of tags, dynamic lock mask */
+extern void (*handler[LASTEvent])(XEvent *); /* event handler */
extern Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
-extern Bool running, issel, maximized, *seltag;
-extern Client *clients, *sel, *stack;
+extern Bool selscreen, *seltag; /* seltag is array of Bool */
+extern Client *clients, *sel, *stack; /* global client list and stack */
extern Cursor cursor[CurLast];
-extern DC dc;
+extern DC dc; /* global draw context */
extern Display *dpy;
+extern Layout *lt;
extern Window root, barwin;
/* client.c */
-extern void ban(Client *c);
-extern void focus(Client *c);
-extern Client *getclient(Window w);
-extern Client *getctitle(Window w);
-extern void gravitate(Client *c, Bool invert);
-extern void killclient(Arg *arg);
-extern void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
-extern void resize(Client *c, Bool sizehints, Corner sticky);
-extern void setsize(Client *c);
-extern void settitle(Client *c);
-extern void togglemax(Arg *arg);
-extern void unmanage(Client *c);
+extern void attach(Client *c); /* attaches c to global client list */
+extern void configure(Client *c); /* send synthetic configure event */
+extern void detach(Client *c); /* detaches c from global client list */
+extern void focus(Client *c); /* focus c, c may be NULL */
+extern void killclient(const char *arg); /* kill c nicely */
+extern void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa); /* manage new client */
+extern void resize(Client *c, int x, int y,
+ int w, int h, Bool sizehints); /* resize with given coordinates c*/
+extern void toggletiled(const char *arg); /* toggles focused client between tiled/untiled state */
+extern void updatesizehints(Client *c); /* update the size hint variables of c */
+extern void updatetitle(Client *c); /* update the name of c */
+extern void unmanage(Client *c); /* destroy c */
/* draw.c */
-extern void drawall();
-extern void drawstatus();
-extern void drawtitle(Client *c);
-extern unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
-extern void setfont(const char *fontstr);
-extern unsigned int textw(const char *text);
+extern void drawstatus(void); /* draw the bar */
+extern void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]); /* draw text */
+extern unsigned int textw(const char *text); /* return the width of text in px*/
/* event.c */
-extern void grabkeys();
-extern void procevent();
+extern void grabkeys(void); /* grab all keys defined in config.h */
+
+/* layout.c */
+extern void focusclient(const char *arg); /* focuses next(1)/previous(-1) visible client */
+extern void incmasterw(const char *arg); /* increments the master width with arg's index value */
+extern void incnmaster(const char *arg); /* increments nmaster with arg's index value */
+extern void initlayouts(void); /* initialize layout array */
+extern Client *nexttiled(Client *c); /* returns tiled successor of c */
+extern void restack(void); /* restores z layers of all clients */
+extern void setlayout(const char *arg); /* sets layout, -1 toggles */
+extern void togglemax(const char *arg); /* toggles maximization of untiled client */
+extern void untile(void); /* arranges all windows untiled */
+extern void zoom(const char *arg); /* zooms the focused client to master area, arg is ignored */
/* main.c */
-extern int getproto(Window w);
-extern void quit(Arg *arg);
-extern void sendevent(Window w, Atom a, long value);
-extern int xerror(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
+extern void quit(const char *arg); /* quit dwm nicely */
+extern void sendevent(Window w, Atom a, long value); /* send synthetic event to w */
+extern int xerror(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee); /* dwm's X error handler */
/* tag.c */
-extern void initrregs();
-extern Client *getnext(Client *c);
-extern Client *getprev(Client *c);
-extern void settags(Client *c, Client *trans);
-extern void tag(Arg *arg);
-extern void toggletag(Arg *arg);
+extern void compileregs(void); /* initialize regexps of rules defined in config.h */
+extern Bool isvisible(Client *c); /* returns True if client is visible */
+extern void settags(Client *c, Client *trans); /* sets tags of c */
+extern void tag(const char *arg); /* tags c with arg's index */
+extern void toggletag(const char *arg); /* toggles c tags with arg's index */
+extern void toggleview(const char *arg); /* toggles the tag with arg's index (in)visible */
+extern void view(const char *arg); /* views the tag with arg's index */
/* util.c */
-extern void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
-extern void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
-extern void *erealloc(void *ptr, unsigned int size);
-extern void spawn(Arg *arg);
-
-/* view.c */
-extern void detach(Client *c);
-extern void dofloat(Arg *arg);
-extern void dotile(Arg *arg);
-extern void focusnext(Arg *arg);
-extern void focusprev(Arg *arg);
-extern Bool isvisible(Client *c);
-extern void resizecol(Arg *arg);
-extern void restack();
-extern void togglemode(Arg *arg);
-extern void toggleview(Arg *arg);
-extern void view(Arg *arg);
-extern void viewall(Arg *arg);
-extern void zoom(Arg *arg);
+extern void *emallocz(unsigned int size); /* allocates zero-initialized memory, exits on error */
+extern void eprint(const char *errstr, ...); /* prints errstr and exits with 1 */
+extern void spawn(const char *arg); /* forks a new subprocess with arg's cmd */
+
Got questions, comments, patches, etc.? Contact Jason Woofenden