dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21  * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22  * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23  *
  24  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in the config.h
  25  * file. These arrays are kept static in event.o and tag.o respectively,
  26  * because no other part of dwm needs access to them.  The current layout is
  27  * represented by the lt pointer.
  28  *
  29  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  30  */
  31 #include <errno.h>
  32 #include <locale.h>
  33 #include <regex.h>
  34 #include <stdarg.h>
  35 #include <stdio.h>
  36 #include <stdlib.h>
  37 #include <string.h>
  38 #include <unistd.h>
  39 #include <sys/select.h>
  40 #include <sys/wait.h>
  41 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  42 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  43 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  44 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  45 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  46
  47 /* macros */
  48 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  49 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  50 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  51
  52 /* enums */
  53 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  54 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  55 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  56 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  57 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  58
  59 /* typedefs */
  60 typedef struct Client Client;
  61 struct Client {
  62         char name[256];
  63         int x, y, w, h;
  64         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  65         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  66         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  67         long flags;
  68         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  69         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating;
  70         Bool *tags;
  71         Client *next;
  72         Client *prev;
  73         Client *snext;
  74         Window win;
  75 };
  76
  77 typedef struct {
  78         int x, y, w, h;
  79         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  80         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  81         Drawable drawable;
  82         GC gc;
  83         struct {
  84                 int ascent;
  85                 int descent;
  86                 int height;
  87                 XFontSet set;
  88                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  89         } font;
  90 } DC; /* draw context */
  91
  92 typedef struct {
  93         unsigned long mod;
  94         KeySym keysym;
  95         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  96         const char *arg;
  97 } Key;
  98
  99 typedef struct {
 100         const char *symbol;
 101         void (*arrange)(void);
 102 } Layout;
 103
 104 typedef struct {
 105         const char *prop;
 106         const char *tags;
 107         Bool isfloating;
 108 } Rule;
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         regex_t *propregex;
 112         regex_t *tagregex;
 113 } Regs;
 114
 115 /* functions */
 116
 117 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 118 static void arrange(void);
 119 static void attach(Client *c);
 120 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 121 static void ban(Client *c);
 122 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 123 static void cleanup(void);
 124 static void compileregs(void);
 125 static void configure(Client *c);
 126 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 127 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 128 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 129 static void detach(Client *c);
 130 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 131 static void drawbar(void);
 132 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 134 static void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 135 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 136 static void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 137 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 138 static void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 139 static void focus(Client *c);
 140 static void focusnext(const char *arg);
 141 static void focusprev(const char *arg);
 142 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 143 static long getstate(Window w);
 144 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 145 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 146 static unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 147 static void initbar(void);
 148 static unsigned long initcolor(const char *colstr);
 149 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 150 static void initlayouts(void);
 151 static void initstyle(void);
 152 static Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
 153 static Bool isfloating(void);
 154 static Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 155 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 156 static Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 157 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 158 static void killclient(const char *arg);
 159 static void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 160 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 161 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 162 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 163 static void movemouse(Client *c);
 164 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 165 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 166 static void quit(const char *arg);
 167 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 168 static void resizemouse(Client *c);
 169 static void restack(void);
 170 static void scan(void);
 171 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 172 static void setlayout(const char *arg);
 173 static void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 174 static void setup(void);
 175 static void spawn(const char *arg);
 176 static void tag(const char *arg);
 177 static unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 178 static unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 179 static void tile(void);
 180 static void togglebar(const char *arg);
 181 static void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 182 static void togglemax(const char *arg);
 183 static void toggletag(const char *arg);
 184 static void toggleview(const char *arg);
 185 static void unban(Client *c);
 186 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 187 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 188 static void updatebarpos(void);
 189 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 190 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 191 static void view(const char *arg);
 192 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 193 static int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 194 static int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 195 static void zoom(const char *arg);
 196
 197 /* variables */
 198 static char stext[256];
 199 static double mwfact;
 200 static int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 201 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 202 static unsigned int bh, bpos, ntags;
 203 static unsigned int blw = 0;
 204 static unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
 205 static unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
 206 static unsigned int nrules = 0;
 207 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 208 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 209         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 210         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 211         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 212         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 213         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 214         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 215         [Expose] = expose,
 216         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 217         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 218         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 219         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 220         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 221 };
 222 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 223 static Bool otherwm, readin;
 224 static Bool running = True;
 225 static Bool *seltags;
 226 static Bool selscreen = True;
 227 static Client *clients = NULL;
 228 static Client *sel = NULL;
 229 static Client *stack = NULL;
 230 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 231 static Display *dpy;
 232 static DC dc = {0};
 233 static Window barwin, root;
 234 static Regs *regs = NULL;
 235
 236 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 237 #include "config.h"
 238
 239 /* implementation */
 240 static void
 241 applyrules(Client *c) {
 242         static char buf[512];
 243         unsigned int i, j;
 244         regmatch_t tmp;
 245         Bool matched = False;
 246         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 247
 248         /* rule matching */
 249         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 250         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 251                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 252                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 253         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
 254                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 255                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 256                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < ntags; j++) {
 257                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 258                                         matched = True;
 259                                         c->tags[j] = True;
 260                                 }
 261                         }
 262                 }
 263         if(ch.res_class)
 264                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 265         if(ch.res_name)
 266                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 267         if(!matched)
 268                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 269                         c->tags[i] = seltags[i];
 270 }
 271
 272 static void
 273 arrange(void) {
 274         Client *c;
 275
 276         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 277                 if(isvisible(c))
 278                         unban(c);
 279                 else
 280                         ban(c);
 281         layouts[ltidx].arrange();
 282         focus(NULL);
 283         restack();
 284 }
 285
 286 static void
 287 attach(Client *c) {
 288         if(clients)
 289                 clients->prev = c;
 290         c->next = clients;
 291         clients = c;
 292 }
 293
 294 static void
 295 attachstack(Client *c) {
 296         c->snext = stack;
 297         stack = c;
 298 }
 299
 300 static void
 301 ban(Client *c) {
 302         if(c->isbanned)
 303                 return;
 304         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 305         c->isbanned = True;
 306 }
 307
 308 static void
 309 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 310         unsigned int i, x;
 311         Client *c;
 312         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 313
 314         if(barwin == ev->window) {
 315                 x = 0;
 316                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 317                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 318                         if(ev->x < x) {
 319                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 320                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 321                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 322                                         else
 323                                                 view(tags[i]);
 324                                 }
 325                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 326                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 327                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 328                                         else
 329                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 330                                 }
 331                                 return;
 332                         }
 333                 }
 334                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 335                         setlayout(NULL);
 336         }
 337         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 338                 focus(c);
 339                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 340                         return;
 341                 if(ev->button == Button1 && (isfloating() || c->isfloating)) {
 342                         restack();
 343                         movemouse(c);
 344                 }
 345                 else if(ev->button == Button2)
 346                         zoom(NULL);
 347                 else if(ev->button == Button3
 348                 && (isfloating() || c->isfloating) && !c->isfixed)
 349                 {
 350                         restack();
 351                         resizemouse(c);
 352                 }
 353         }
 354 }
 355
 356 static void
 357 cleanup(void) {
 358         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 359         while(stack) {
 360                 unban(stack);
 361                 unmanage(stack);
 362         }
 363         if(dc.font.set)
 364                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 365         else
 366                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 367         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 368         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 369         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 370         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 371         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 372         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 373         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 374         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 375         XSync(dpy, False);
 376         free(seltags);
 377 }
 378
 379 static void
 380 compileregs(void) {
 381         unsigned int i;
 382         regex_t *reg;
 383
 384         if(regs)
 385                 return;
 386         nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
 387         regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
 388         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
 389                 if(rules[i].prop) {
 390                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 391                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 392                                 free(reg);
 393                         else
 394                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
 395                 }
 396                 if(rules[i].tags) {
 397                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 398                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 399                                 free(reg);
 400                         else
 401                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 402                 }
 403         }
 404 }
 405
 406 static void
 407 configure(Client *c) {
 408         XConfigureEvent ce;
 409
 410         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 411         ce.display = dpy;
 412         ce.event = c->win;
 413         ce.window = c->win;
 414         ce.x = c->x;
 415         ce.y = c->y;
 416         ce.width = c->w;
 417         ce.height = c->h;
 418         ce.border_width = c->border;
 419         ce.above = None;
 420         ce.override_redirect = False;
 421         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 422 }
 423
 424 static void
 425 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 426         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 427
 428         if (ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 429                 sw = ev->width;
 430                 sh = ev->height;
 431                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 432                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 433                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 434                 updatebarpos();
 435                 arrange();
 436         }
 437 }
 438
 439 static void
 440 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 441         Client *c;
 442         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 443         XWindowChanges wc;
 444
 445         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 446                 c->ismax = False;
 447                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 448                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 449                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isfloating()) {
 450                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 451                                 c->x = ev->x;
 452                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 453                                 c->y = ev->y;
 454                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 455                                 c->w = ev->width;
 456                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 457                                 c->h = ev->height;
 458                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 459                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 460                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 461                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 462                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 463                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 464                                 configure(c);
 465                         if(isvisible(c))
 466                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 467                 }
 468                 else
 469                         configure(c);
 470         }
 471         else {
 472                 wc.x = ev->x;
 473                 wc.y = ev->y;
 474                 wc.width = ev->width;
 475                 wc.height = ev->height;
 476                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 477                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 478                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 479                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 480         }
 481         XSync(dpy, False);
 482 }
 483
 484 static void
 485 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 486         Client *c;
 487         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 488
 489         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 490                 unmanage(c);
 491 }
 492
 493 static void
 494 detach(Client *c) {
 495         if(c->prev)
 496                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 497         if(c->next)
 498                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 499         if(c == clients)
 500                 clients = c->next;
 501         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 502 }
 503
 504 static void
 505 detachstack(Client *c) {
 506         Client **tc;
 507
 508         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 509         *tc = c->snext;
 510 }
 511
 512 static void
 513 drawbar(void) {
 514         int i, x;
 515
 516         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 517         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 518                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 519                 if(seltags[i]) {
 520                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 521                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 522                 }
 523                 else {
 524                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 525                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 526                 }
 527                 dc.x += dc.w;
 528         }
 529         dc.w = blw;
 530         drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
 531         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 532         dc.w = textw(stext);
 533         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 534         if(dc.x < x) {
 535                 dc.x = x;
 536                 dc.w = sw - x;
 537         }
 538         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 539         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 540                 dc.x = x;
 541                 if(sel) {
 542                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 543                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 544                 }
 545                 else
 546                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 547         }
 548         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 549         XSync(dpy, False);
 550 }
 551
 552 static void
 553 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 554         int x;
 555         XGCValues gcv;
 556         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 557
 558         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 559         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 560         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 561         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 562         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 563         if(filled) {
 564                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 565                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 566         }
 567         else if(empty) {
 568                 r.width = r.height = x;
 569                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 570         }
 571 }
 572
 573 static void
 574 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 575         int x, y, w, h;
 576         static char buf[256];
 577         unsigned int len, olen;
 578         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 579
 580         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 581         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 582         if(!text)
 583                 return;
 584         w = 0;
 585         olen = len = strlen(text);
 586         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 587                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 588         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 589         buf[len] = 0;
 590         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 591         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 592         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 593         /* shorten text if necessary */
 594         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 595                 buf[--len] = 0;
 596         if(len < olen) {
 597                 if(len > 1)
 598                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 599                 if(len > 2)
 600                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 601                 if(len > 3)
 602                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 603         }
 604         if(w > dc.w)
 605                 return; /* too long */
 606         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 607         if(dc.font.set)
 608                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 609         else
 610                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 611 }
 612
 613 static void *
 614 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 615         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 616
 617         if(!res)
 618                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 619         return res;
 620 }
 621
 622 static void
 623 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 624         Client *c;
 625         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 626
 627         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 628                 return;
 629         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 630                 focus(c);
 631         else if(ev->window == root) {
 632                 selscreen = True;
 633                 focus(NULL);
 634         }
 635 }
 636
 637 static void
 638 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 639         va_list ap;
 640
 641         va_start(ap, errstr);
 642         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 643         va_end(ap);
 644         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 645 }
 646
 647 static void
 648 expose(XEvent *e) {
 649         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 650
 651         if(ev->count == 0) {
 652                 if(barwin == ev->window)
 653                         drawbar();
 654         }
 655 }
 656
 657 static void
 658 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 659         Client *c;
 660
 661         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 662                 if(isvisible(c))
 663                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 664 }
 665
 666 static void
 667 focus(Client *c) {
 668         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 669                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 670         if(sel && sel != c) {
 671                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 672                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 673         }
 674         if(c) {
 675                 detachstack(c);
 676                 attachstack(c);
 677                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 678         }
 679         sel = c;
 680         drawbar();
 681         if(!selscreen)
 682                 return;
 683         if(c) {
 684                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 685                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 686         }
 687         else
 688                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 689 }
 690
 691 static void
 692 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 693         Client *c;
 694
 695         if(!sel)
 696                 return;
 697         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 698         if(!c)
 699                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 700         if(c) {
 701                 focus(c);
 702                 restack();
 703         }
 704 }
 705
 706 static void
 707 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 708         Client *c;
 709
 710         if(!sel)
 711                 return;
 712         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 713         if(!c) {
 714                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 715                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 716         }
 717         if(c) {
 718                 focus(c);
 719                 restack();
 720         }
 721 }
 722
 723 static Client *
 724 getclient(Window w) {
 725         Client *c;
 726
 727         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 728         return c;
 729 }
 730
 731 static long
 732 getstate(Window w) {
 733         int format, status;
 734         long result = -1;
 735         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 736         unsigned long n, extra;
 737         Atom real;
 738
 739         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 740                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 741         if(status != Success)
 742                 return -1;
 743         if(n != 0)
 744                 result = *p;
 745         XFree(p);
 746         return result;
 747 }
 748
 749 static Bool
 750 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 751         char **list = NULL;
 752         int n;
 753         XTextProperty name;
 754
 755         if(!text || size == 0)
 756                 return False;
 757         text[0] = '\0';
 758         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 759         if(!name.nitems)
 760                 return False;
 761         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 762                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 763         else {
 764                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 765                 && n > 0 && *list)
 766                 {
 767                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 768                         XFreeStringList(list);
 769                 }
 770         }
 771         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 772         XFree(name.value);
 773         return True;
 774 }
 775
 776 static void
 777 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 778         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 779
 780         if(focused) {
 781                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 782                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 783                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 784                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 785                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 786                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 787                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 788                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 789
 790                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 791                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 792                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 793                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 794                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 795                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 796                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 797                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 798
 799                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 800                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 801                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 802                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 803                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 804                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 805                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 806                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 807         }
 808         else
 809                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 810                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 811 }
 812
 813 static unsigned int
 814 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 815         unsigned int i;
 816
 817         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 818                 if(tags[i] == tag)
 819                         return i;
 820         return 0;
 821 }
 822
 823 static void
 824 initbar(void) {
 825         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
 826
 827         wa.override_redirect = 1;
 828         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
 829         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
 830         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
 831                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
 832                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
 833         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
 834         updatebarpos();
 835         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
 836         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
 837         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 838         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
 839         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
 840         if(!dc.font.set)
 841                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
 842 }
 843
 844 static unsigned long
 845 initcolor(const char *colstr) {
 846         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 847         XColor color;
 848
 849         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 850                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 851         return color.pixel;
 852 }
 853
 854 static void
 855 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 856         char *def, **missing;
 857         int i, n;
 858
 859         missing = NULL;
 860         if(dc.font.set)
 861                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 862         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 863         if(missing) {
 864                 while(n--)
 865                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 866                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 867         }
 868         if(dc.font.set) {
 869                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 870                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 871                 char **font_names;
 872                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 873                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 874                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 875                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 876                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 877                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 878                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 879                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 880                         xfonts++;
 881                 }
 882         }
 883         else {
 884                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 885                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 886                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 887                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 888                 || !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 889                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 890                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 891                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 892         }
 893         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 894 }
 895
 896 static void
 897 initlayouts(void) {
 898         unsigned int i, w;
 899
 900         nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
 901         for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
 902                 w = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
 903                 if(w > blw)
 904                         blw = w;
 905         }
 906 }
 907
 908 static void
 909 initstyle(void) {
 910         dc.norm[ColBorder] = initcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
 911         dc.norm[ColBG] = initcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
 912         dc.norm[ColFG] = initcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
 913         dc.sel[ColBorder] = initcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
 914         dc.sel[ColBG] = initcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
 915         dc.sel[ColFG] = initcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
 916         initfont(FONT);
 917         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
 918 }
 919
 920 static Bool
 921 isarrange(void (*func)())
 922 {
 923         return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
 924 }
 925
 926 static Bool
 927 isfloating(void) {
 928         return layouts[ltidx].arrange == floating;
 929 }
 930
 931 static Bool
 932 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 933         Client *c;
 934
 935         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 936                 if(c->tags[t])
 937                         return True;
 938         return False;
 939 }
 940
 941 static Bool
 942 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 943         int i, n;
 944         Atom *protocols;
 945         Bool ret = False;
 946
 947         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 948                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 949                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 950                                 ret = True;
 951                 XFree(protocols);
 952         }
 953         return ret;
 954 }
 955
 956 static Bool
 957 isvisible(Client *c) {
 958         unsigned int i;
 959
 960         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 961                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 962                         return True;
 963         return False;
 964 }
 965
 966 static void
 967 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 968         KEYS
 969         unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
 970         unsigned int i;
 971         KeyCode code;
 972         KeySym keysym;
 973         XKeyEvent *ev;
 974
 975         if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 976                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 977                 for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 978                         code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 979                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 980                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 981                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 982                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 983                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 984                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 985                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 986                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 987                 }
 988                 return;
 989         }
 990         ev = &e->xkey;
 991         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 992         for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
 993                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 994                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 995                 {
 996                         if(keys[i].func)
 997                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 998                 }
 999 }
1000
1001 static void
1002 killclient(const char *arg) {
1003         XEvent ev;
1004
1005         if(!sel)
1006                 return;
1007         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
1008                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
1009                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
1010                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
1011                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
1012                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
1013                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1014                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1015         }
1016         else
1017                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
1018 }
1019
1020 static void
1021 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
1022         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
1023
1024         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
1025                 selscreen = False;
1026                 focus(NULL);
1027         }
1028 }
1029
1030 static void
1031 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1032         unsigned int i;
1033         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1034         Window trans;
1035         Status rettrans;
1036         XWindowChanges wc;
1037
1038         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1039         c->tags = emallocz(ntags * sizeof(Bool));
1040         c->win = w;
1041         c->x = wa->x;
1042         c->y = wa->y;
1043         c->w = wa->width;
1044         c->h = wa->height;
1045         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1046         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1047                 c->x = sx;
1048                 c->y = sy;
1049                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1050         }
1051         else {
1052                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1053                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1054                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1055                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1056                 if(c->x < wax)
1057                         c->x = wax;
1058                 if(c->y < way)
1059                         c->y = way;
1060                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1061         }
1062         wc.border_width = c->border;
1063         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1064         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1065         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1066         updatesizehints(c);
1067         XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1068                 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1069         grabbuttons(c, False);
1070         updatetitle(c);
1071         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1072                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1073         if(t)
1074                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1075                         c->tags[i] = t->tags[i];
1076         applyrules(c);
1077         if(!c->isfloating)
1078                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1079         attach(c);
1080         attachstack(c);
1081         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1082         ban(c);
1083         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1084         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1085         arrange();
1086 }
1087
1088 static void
1089 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1090         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1091
1092         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1093         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1094                 keypress(NULL);
1095 }
1096
1097 static void
1098 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1099         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1100         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1101
1102         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1103                 return;
1104         if(wa.override_redirect)
1105                 return;
1106         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1107                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1108 }
1109
1110 static void
1111 movemouse(Client *c) {
1112         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1113         unsigned int dui;
1114         Window dummy;
1115         XEvent ev;
1116
1117         ocx = nx = c->x;
1118         ocy = ny = c->y;
1119         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1120                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1121                 return;
1122         c->ismax = False;
1123         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1124         for(;;) {
1125                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1126                 switch (ev.type) {
1127                 case ButtonRelease:
1128                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1129                         return;
1130                 case ConfigureRequest:
1131                 case Expose:
1132                 case MapRequest:
1133                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1134                         break;
1135                 case MotionNotify:
1136                         XSync(dpy, False);
1137                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1138                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1139                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1140                                 nx = wax;
1141                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1142                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1143                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1144                                 ny = way;
1145                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1146                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1147                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1148                         break;
1149                 }
1150         }
1151 }
1152
1153 static Client *
1154 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1155         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1156         return c;
1157 }
1158
1159 static void
1160 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1161         Client *c;
1162         Window trans;
1163         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1164
1165         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1166                 return; /* ignore */
1167         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1168                 switch (ev->atom) {
1169                         default: break;
1170                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1171                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1172                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1173                                         arrange();
1174                                 break;
1175                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1176                                 updatesizehints(c);
1177                                 break;
1178                 }
1179                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1180                         updatetitle(c);
1181                         if(c == sel)
1182                                 drawbar();
1183                 }
1184         }
1185 }
1186
1187 static void
1188 quit(const char *arg) {
1189         readin = running = False;
1190 }
1191
1192 static void
1193 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1194         double dx, dy, max, min, ratio;
1195         XWindowChanges wc;
1196
1197         if(sizehints) {
1198                 if(c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && (h - c->baseh) > 0 && (w - c->basew) > 0) {
1199                         dx = (double)(w - c->basew);
1200                         dy = (double)(h - c->baseh);
1201                         min = (double)(c->minax) / (double)(c->minay);
1202                         max = (double)(c->maxax) / (double)(c->maxay);
1203                         ratio = dx / dy;
1204                         if(max > 0 && min > 0 && ratio > 0) {
1205                                 if(ratio < min) {
1206                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (min * min + 1);
1207                                         dx = dy * min;
1208                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1209                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1210                                 }
1211                                 else if(ratio > max) {
1212                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (max * max + 1);
1213                                         dx = dy * min;
1214                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1215                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1216                                 }
1217                         }
1218                 }
1219                 if(c->minw && w < c->minw)
1220                         w = c->minw;
1221                 if(c->minh && h < c->minh)
1222                         h = c->minh;
1223                 if(c->maxw && w > c->maxw)
1224                         w = c->maxw;
1225                 if(c->maxh && h > c->maxh)
1226                         h = c->maxh;
1227                 if(c->incw)
1228                         w -= (w - c->basew) % c->incw;
1229                 if(c->inch)
1230                         h -= (h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
1231         }
1232         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1233                 return;
1234         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
1235         if(x > sw)
1236                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1237         if(y > sh)
1238                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1239         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1240                 x = sx;
1241         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1242                 y = sy;
1243         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1244                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1245                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1246                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1247                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1248                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1249                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1250                 configure(c);
1251                 XSync(dpy, False);
1252         }
1253 }
1254
1255 static void
1256 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1257         int ocx, ocy;
1258         int nw, nh;
1259         XEvent ev;
1260
1261         ocx = c->x;
1262         ocy = c->y;
1263         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1264                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1265                 return;
1266         c->ismax = False;
1267         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1268         for(;;) {
1269                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1270                 switch(ev.type) {
1271                 case ButtonRelease:
1272                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1273                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1274                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1275                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1276                         return;
1277                 case ConfigureRequest:
1278                 case Expose:
1279                 case MapRequest:
1280                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1281                         break;
1282                 case MotionNotify:
1283                         XSync(dpy, False);
1284                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1285                                 nw = 1;
1286                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1287                                 nh = 1;
1288                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1289                         break;
1290                 }
1291         }
1292 }
1293
1294 static void
1295 restack(void) {
1296         Client *c;
1297         XEvent ev;
1298         XWindowChanges wc;
1299
1300         drawbar();
1301         if(!sel)
1302                 return;
1303         if(sel->isfloating || isfloating())
1304                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1305         if(!isfloating()) {
1306                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1307                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1308                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1309                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1310                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1311                 }
1312                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1313                         if(c == sel)
1314                                 continue;
1315                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1316                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1317                 }
1318         }
1319         XSync(dpy, False);
1320         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1321 }
1322
1323 static void
1324 scan(void) {
1325         unsigned int i, num;
1326         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1327         XWindowAttributes wa;
1328
1329         wins = NULL;
1330         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1331                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1332                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1333                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1334                                 continue;
1335                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1336                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1337                 }
1338                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1339                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1340                                 continue;
1341                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1342                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1343                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1344                 }
1345         }
1346         if(wins)
1347                 XFree(wins);
1348 }
1349
1350 static void
1351 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1352         long data[] = {state, None};
1353
1354         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1355                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1356 }
1357
1358 static void
1359 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1360         unsigned int i;
1361
1362         if(!arg) {
1363                 if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1364                         ltidx = 0;;
1365         }
1366         else {
1367                 for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1368                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1369                                 break;
1370                 if(i == nlayouts)
1371                         return;
1372                 ltidx = i;
1373         }
1374         if(sel)
1375                 arrange();
1376         else
1377                 drawbar();
1378 }
1379
1380 static void
1381 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1382         double delta;
1383
1384         if(!isarrange(tile))
1385                 return;
1386         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1387         if(arg == NULL)
1388                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1389         else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1390                 if(arg[0] != '+' && arg[0] != '-')
1391                         mwfact = delta;
1392                 else
1393                         mwfact += delta;
1394                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1395                         mwfact = 0.1;
1396                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1397                         mwfact = 0.9;
1398         }
1399         arrange();
1400 }
1401
1402 static void
1403 setup(void) {
1404         int i, j;
1405         unsigned int mask;
1406         Window w;
1407         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1408         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1409
1410         /* init atoms */
1411         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1412         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1413         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1414         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1415         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1416         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1417         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1418                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1419         /* init cursors */
1420         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1421         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1422         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1423         /* init modifier map */
1424         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1425         for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1426                 for (j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1427                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1428                                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1429                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1430                 }
1431         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1432         /* select for events */
1433         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1434                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1435         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1436         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1437         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1438         keypress(NULL); /* grabkeys */
1439         compileregs();
1440         for(ntags = 0; tags[ntags]; ntags++);
1441         seltags = emallocz(sizeof(Bool) * ntags);
1442         seltags[0] = True;
1443         /* geometry */
1444         sx = sy = 0;
1445         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1446         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1447         initstyle();
1448         initlayouts();
1449         initbar();
1450         /* multihead support */
1451         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &i, &i, &i, &i, &mask);
1452 }
1453
1454 static void
1455 spawn(const char *arg) {
1456         static char *shell = NULL;
1457
1458         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1459                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1460         if(!arg)
1461                 return;
1462         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1463          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1464         if(fork() == 0) {
1465                 if(fork() == 0) {
1466                         if(dpy)
1467                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1468                         setsid();
1469                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1470                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1471                         perror(" failed");
1472                 }
1473                 exit(0);
1474         }
1475         wait(0);
1476 }
1477
1478 static void
1479 tag(const char *arg) {
1480         unsigned int i;
1481
1482         if(!sel)
1483                 return;
1484         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1485                 sel->tags[i] = arg == NULL;
1486         i = idxoftag(arg);
1487         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1488                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1489         arrange();
1490 }
1491
1492 static unsigned int
1493 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1494         XRectangle r;
1495
1496         if(dc.font.set) {
1497                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1498                 return r.width;
1499         }
1500         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1501 }
1502
1503 static unsigned int
1504 textw(const char *text) {
1505         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1506 }
1507
1508 static void
1509 tile(void) {
1510         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1511         Client *c;
1512
1513         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1514                 n++;
1515
1516         /* window geoms */
1517         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1518         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1519         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1520                 th = wah;
1521
1522         nx = wax;
1523         ny = way;
1524         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1525                 c->ismax = False;
1526                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1527                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1528                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1529                 }
1530                 else {  /* tile window */
1531                         if(i == 1) {
1532                                 ny = way;
1533                                 nx += mw;
1534                         }
1535                         nw = waw - mw - 2 * c->border;
1536                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1537                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1538                         else
1539                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1540                 }
1541                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1542                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1543                         ny += nh + 2 * c->border;
1544         }
1545 }
1546
1547 static void
1548 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1549         if(bpos == BarOff)
1550                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1551         else
1552                 bpos = BarOff;
1553         updatebarpos();
1554         arrange();
1555 }
1556
1557 static void
1558 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1559         if(!sel)
1560                 return;
1561         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1562         if(sel->isfloating)
1563                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1564         arrange();
1565 }
1566
1567 static void
1568 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1569         XEvent ev;
1570
1571         if(!sel || (!isfloating() && !sel->isfloating) || sel->isfixed)
1572                 return;
1573         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1574                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1575                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1576                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1577                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1578                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1579         }
1580         else
1581                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1582         drawbar();
1583         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1584 }
1585
1586 static void
1587 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1588         unsigned int i, j;
1589
1590         if(!sel)
1591                 return;
1592         i = idxoftag(arg);
1593         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1594         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1595         if(j == ntags)
1596                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1597         arrange();
1598 }
1599
1600 static void
1601 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1602         unsigned int i, j;
1603
1604         i = idxoftag(arg);
1605         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1606         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !seltags[j]; j++);
1607         if(j == ntags)
1608                 seltags[i] = True; /* cannot toggle last view */
1609         arrange();
1610 }
1611
1612 static void
1613 unban(Client *c) {
1614         if(!c->isbanned)
1615                 return;
1616         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1617         c->isbanned = False;
1618 }
1619
1620 static void
1621 unmanage(Client *c) {
1622         XWindowChanges wc;
1623
1624         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1625         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1626         XGrabServer(dpy);
1627         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1628         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1629         detach(c);
1630         detachstack(c);
1631         if(sel == c)
1632                 focus(NULL);
1633         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1634         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1635         free(c->tags);
1636         free(c);
1637         XSync(dpy, False);
1638         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1639         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1640         arrange();
1641 }
1642
1643 static void
1644 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1645         Client *c;
1646         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1647
1648         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1649                 unmanage(c);
1650 }
1651
1652 static void
1653 updatebarpos(void) {
1654         XEvent ev;
1655
1656         wax = sx;
1657         way = sy;
1658         wah = sh;
1659         waw = sw;
1660         switch(bpos) {
1661         default:
1662                 wah -= bh;
1663                 way += bh;
1664                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1665                 break;
1666         case BarBot:
1667                 wah -= bh;
1668                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1669                 break;
1670         case BarOff:
1671                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1672                 break;
1673         }
1674         XSync(dpy, False);
1675         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1676 }
1677
1678 static void
1679 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1680         long msize;
1681         XSizeHints size;
1682
1683         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1684                 size.flags = PSize;
1685         c->flags = size.flags;
1686         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1687                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1688                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1689         }
1690         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1691                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1692                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1693         }
1694         else
1695                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1696         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1697                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1698                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1699         }
1700         else
1701                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1702         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1703                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1704                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1705         }
1706         else
1707                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1708         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1709                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1710                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1711         }
1712         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1713                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1714                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1715         }
1716         else
1717                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1718         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1719                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1720                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1721                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1722                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1723         }
1724         else
1725                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1726         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1727                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1728 }
1729
1730 static void
1731 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1732         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1733                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1734 }
1735
1736 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1737  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1738  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1739 static int
1740 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1741         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1742         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1743         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1744         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1745         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1746         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1747         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1748         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1749                 return 0;
1750         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1751                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1752         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1753 }
1754
1755 static int
1756 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1757         return 0;
1758 }
1759
1760 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1761  * is already running. */
1762 static int
1763 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1764         otherwm = True;
1765         return -1;
1766 }
1767
1768 static void
1769 view(const char *arg) {
1770         unsigned int i;
1771
1772         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1773                 seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1774         i = idxoftag(arg);
1775         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1776                 seltags[i] = True;
1777         arrange();
1778 }
1779
1780 static void
1781 zoom(const char *arg) {
1782         Client *c;
1783
1784         if(!sel || !isarrange(tile) || sel->isfloating)
1785                 return;
1786         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1787                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1788                         return;
1789         detach(c);
1790         attach(c);
1791         focus(c);
1792         arrange();
1793 }
1794
1795 int
1796 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1797         char *p;
1798         int r, xfd;
1799         fd_set rd;
1800         XEvent ev;
1801
1802         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1803                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1804         else if(argc != 1)
1805                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1806
1807         /* macros from config.h can be used at function level only */
1808         mwfact = MWFACT;
1809         bpos = BARPOS;
1810
1811         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1812         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1813                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1814         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1815         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1816         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1817         otherwm = False;
1818         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
1819         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
1820         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
1821         XSync(dpy, False);
1822         if(otherwm)
1823                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
1824
1825         XSync(dpy, False);
1826         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
1827         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1828         XSync(dpy, False);
1829         setup();
1830         drawbar();
1831         scan();
1832
1833         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1834         XSync(dpy, False);
1835         readin = True;
1836         while(running) {
1837                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1838                 if(readin)
1839                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1840                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1841                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1842                         if(errno == EINTR)
1843                                 continue;
1844                         eprint("select failed\n");
1845                 }
1846                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1847                         switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1848                         case -1:
1849                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1850                                 stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1851                                 readin = False;
1852                                 break;
1853                         case 0:
1854                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1855                                 readin = False;
1856                                 break;
1857                         default:
1858                                 for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1859                                 for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1860                                 if(p > stext)
1861                                         strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1862                         }
1863                         drawbar();
1864                 }
1865                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1866                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1867                         if(handler[ev.type])
1868                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1869                 }
1870         }
1871         cleanup();
1872         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1873         return 0;
1874 }