dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
  21  *
  22  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23  *
  24  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25  */
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <locale.h>
  28 #include <stdarg.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <stdlib.h>
  31 #include <string.h>
  32 #include <unistd.h>
  33 #include <sys/select.h>
  34 #include <sys/types.h>
  35 #include <sys/wait.h>
  36 #include <regex.h>
  37 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  38 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  39 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  40 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  42 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  43 /*
  44  * TODO: Idea:
  45  * I intend to not provide real Xinerama support, but instead having a Column
  46  * tilecols[] array which is used by tile(), and a Column maxcols[] arrays which is used by
  47  * monocle(). Those arrays should be initialized in config.h. For simplicity
  48  * reasons mwfact should be replaced with a more advanced method which
  49  * implements the same, but using the boundary between tilecols[0] and
  50  * tilecols[1] instead. Besides this, get rid of BARPOS and use instead the
  51  * following mechanism:
  52  *
  53  * #define BX 0
  54  * #define BY 0
  55  * #define BW sw
  56  * bh is calculated automatically and should be used for the
  57  */
  58 //#ifdef XINERAMA
  59 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
  60 //#endif
  61
  62 /* macros */
  63 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
  64 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
  65 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  66 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  67 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
  68
  69
  70 /* enums */
  71 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  72 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  73 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  74 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  75 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  76
  77 /* typedefs */
  78 typedef struct Client Client;
  79 struct Client {
  80         char name[256];
  81         int x, y, w, h;
  82         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  83         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  84         long flags;
  85         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  86         Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
  87         Bool *tags;
  88         Client *next;
  89         Client *prev;
  90         Client *snext;
  91         Window win;
  92 };
  93
  94 typedef struct {
  95         int x, y, w, h;
  96 } Column;
  97
  98 typedef struct {
  99         int x, y, w, h;
 100         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
 101         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
 102         Drawable drawable;
 103         GC gc;
 104         struct {
 105                 int ascent;
 106                 int descent;
 107                 int height;
 108                 XFontSet set;
 109                 XFontStruct *xfont;
 110         } font;
 111 } DC; /* draw context */
 112
 113 typedef struct {
 114         unsigned long mod;
 115         KeySym keysym;
 116         void (*func)(const char *arg);
 117         const char *arg;
 118 } Key;
 119
 120 typedef struct {
 121         const char *symbol;
 122         void (*arrange)(void);
 123 } Layout;
 124
 125 typedef struct {
 126         const char *prop;
 127         const char *tag;
 128         Bool isfloating;
 129 } Rule;
 130
 131 /* function declarations */
 132 void applyrules(Client *c);
 133 void arrange(void);
 134 void attach(Client *c);
 135 void attachstack(Client *c);
 136 void ban(Client *c);
 137 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 138 void checkotherwm(void);
 139 void cleanup(void);
 140 void configure(Client *c);
 141 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 142 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 143 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 144 void detach(Client *c);
 145 void detachstack(Client *c);
 146 void drawbar(void);
 147 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 148 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
 149 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 150 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 151 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 152 void expose(XEvent *e);
 153 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 154 void focus(Client *c);
 155 void focusin(XEvent *e);
 156 void focusnext(const char *arg);
 157 void focusprev(const char *arg);
 158 Client *getclient(Window w);
 159 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 160 long getstate(Window w);
 161 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 162 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 163 void grabkeys(void);
 164 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *t);
 165 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 166 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 167 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 168 Bool isurgent(unsigned int t);
 169 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 170 void keypress(XEvent *e);
 171 void killclient(const char *arg);
 172 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 173 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 174 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 175 void monocle(void);
 176 void movemouse(Client *c);
 177 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 178 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 179 void quit(const char *arg);
 180 void reapply(const char *arg);
 181 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 182 void resizemouse(Client *c);
 183 void restack(void);
 184 void run(void);
 185 void scan(void);
 186 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 187 void setlayout(const char *arg);
 188 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 189 void setup(void);
 190 void spawn(const char *arg);
 191 void tag(const char *arg);
 192 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 193 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 194 void tile(void);
 195 void togglebar(const char *arg);
 196 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 197 void toggletag(const char *arg);
 198 void toggleview(const char *arg);
 199 void unban(Client *c);
 200 void unmanage(Client *c);
 201 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 202 void updatebarpos(void);
 203 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 204 void updatetitle(Client *c);
 205 void updatewmhints(Client *c);
 206 void view(const char *arg);
 207 void viewprevtag(const char *arg);      /* views previous selected tags */
 208 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 209 int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 210 int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 211 void zoom(const char *arg);
 212 void selectview(const char *arg);
 213
 214 /* variables */
 215 char stext[256], buf[256];
 216 double mwfact;
 217 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah, ncols;
 218 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 219 unsigned int bh, bpos;
 220 unsigned int blw = 0;
 221 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 222 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 223         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 224         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 225         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 226         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 227         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 228         [Expose] = expose,
 229         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 230         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 231         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 232         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 233         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 234         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 235 };
 236 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 237 Bool domwfact = True;
 238 Bool dozoom = True;
 239 Bool otherwm, readin;
 240 Bool running = True;
 241 Bool *prevtags;
 242 Bool *seltags;
 243 Client *clients = NULL;
 244 Client *sel = NULL;
 245 Client *stack = NULL;
 246 Column *cols = NULL;
 247 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 248 Display *dpy;
 249 DC dc = {0};
 250 Layout *lt;
 251 Window root, barwin;
 252
 253 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 254 #include "config.h"
 255 #define TAGSZ (LENGTH(tags) * sizeof(Bool))
 256 static Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
 257
 258 /* function implementations */
 259
 260 void
 261 applyrules(Client *c) {
 262         unsigned int i;
 263         Bool matched = False;
 264         Rule *r;
 265         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 266
 267         /* rule matching */
 268         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 269         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 270                 r = &rules[i];
 271                 if(strstr(c->name, r->prop)
 272                 || (ch.res_class && strstr(ch.res_class, r->prop))
 273                 || (ch.res_name && strstr(ch.res_name, r->prop)))
 274                 {
 275                         c->isfloating = r->isfloating;
 276                         if(r->tag) {
 277                                 c->tags[idxoftag(r->tag)] = True;
 278                                 matched = True;
 279                         }
 280                 }
 281         }
 282         if(ch.res_class)
 283                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 284         if(ch.res_name)
 285                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 286         if(!matched)
 287                 memcpy(c->tags, seltags, TAGSZ);
 288 }
 289
 290 void
 291 arrange(void) {
 292         Client *c;
 293
 294         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 295                 if(isvisible(c))
 296                         unban(c);
 297                 else
 298                         ban(c);
 299
 300         focus(NULL);
 301         lt->arrange();
 302         restack();
 303 }
 304
 305 void
 306 attach(Client *c) {
 307         if(clients)
 308                 clients->prev = c;
 309         c->next = clients;
 310         clients = c;
 311 }
 312
 313 void
 314 attachstack(Client *c) {
 315         c->snext = stack;
 316         stack = c;
 317 }
 318
 319 void
 320 ban(Client *c) {
 321         if(c->isbanned)
 322                 return;
 323         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 3 * sw, c->y);
 324         c->isbanned = True;
 325 }
 326
 327 void
 328 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 329         unsigned int i, x;
 330         Client *c;
 331         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 332
 333         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 334                 x = 0;
 335                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 336                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 337                         if(ev->x < x) {
 338                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 339                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 340                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 341                                         else
 342                                                 view(tags[i]);
 343                                 }
 344                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 345                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 346                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 347                                         else
 348                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 349                                 }
 350                                 return;
 351                         }
 352                 }
 353                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 354                         setlayout(NULL);
 355         }
 356         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 357                 focus(c);
 358                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 359                         return;
 360                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 361                         restack();
 362                         movemouse(c);
 363                 }
 364                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 365                         if((floating != lt->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 366                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 367                         else
 368                                 zoom(NULL);
 369                 }
 370                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 371                         restack();
 372                         resizemouse(c);
 373                 }
 374         }
 375 }
 376
 377 void
 378 checkotherwm(void) {
 379         otherwm = False;
 380         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 381
 382         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 383         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
 384         XSync(dpy, False);
 385         if(otherwm)
 386                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 387         XSync(dpy, False);
 388         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 389         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 390         XSync(dpy, False);
 391 }
 392
 393 void
 394 cleanup(void) {
 395
 396         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 397         while(stack) {
 398                 unban(stack);
 399                 unmanage(stack);
 400         }
 401         if(dc.font.set)
 402                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 403         else
 404                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 405
 406         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 407         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 408         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 409         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 410         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 411         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 412         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 413         XSync(dpy, False);
 414         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 415 }
 416
 417 void
 418 configure(Client *c) {
 419         XConfigureEvent ce;
 420
 421         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 422         ce.display = dpy;
 423         ce.event = c->win;
 424         ce.window = c->win;
 425         ce.x = c->x;
 426         ce.y = c->y;
 427         ce.width = c->w;
 428         ce.height = c->h;
 429         ce.border_width = c->border;
 430         ce.above = None;
 431         ce.override_redirect = False;
 432         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 433 }
 434
 435 void
 436 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 437         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 438
 439         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 440                 /* TODO -- use Xinerama dimensions here ? */
 441                 sw = ev->width;
 442                 sh = ev->height;
 443                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 444                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(root, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 445                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 446                 updatebarpos();
 447                 arrange();
 448         }
 449 }
 450
 451 void
 452 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 453         Client *c;
 454         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 455         XWindowChanges wc;
 456
 457         /* TODO -- consider Xinerama if necessary when centering */
 458         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 459                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 460                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 461                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == lt->arrange)) {
 462                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 463                                 c->x = sx + ev->x;
 464                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 465                                 c->y = sy + ev->y;
 466                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 467                                 c->w = ev->width;
 468                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 469                                 c->h = ev->height;
 470                         if((c->x - sx + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 471                                 c->x = sx + (sw / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
 472                         if((c->y - sy + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 473                                 c->y = sy + (sh / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
 474                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
 475                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
 476                                 configure(c);
 477                         if(isvisible(c))
 478                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 479                 }
 480                 else
 481                         configure(c);
 482         }
 483         else {
 484                 wc.x = ev->x;
 485                 wc.y = ev->y;
 486                 wc.width = ev->width;
 487                 wc.height = ev->height;
 488                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 489                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 490                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 491                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 492         }
 493         XSync(dpy, False);
 494 }
 495
 496 Bool
 497 conflicts(Client *c, unsigned int tidx) {
 498         unsigned int i;
 499
 500         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 501                 if(c->tags[i])
 502                         return True; /* conflict */
 503         return False;
 504 }
 505
 506 void
 507 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 508         Client *c;
 509         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 510
 511         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 512                 unmanage(c);
 513 }
 514
 515 void
 516 detach(Client *c) {
 517         if(c->prev)
 518                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 519         if(c->next)
 520                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 521         if(c == clients)
 522                 clients = c->next;
 523         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 524 }
 525
 526 void
 527 detachstack(Client *c) {
 528         Client **tc;
 529
 530         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 531         *tc = c->snext;
 532 }
 533
 534 void
 535 drawbar(void) {
 536         int i, x;
 537         Client *c;
 538
 539         dc.x = 0;
 540         for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 541         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 542                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 543                 if(seltags[i]) {
 544                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
 545                         drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
 546                 }
 547                 else {
 548                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
 549                         drawsquare(c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
 550                 }
 551                 dc.x += dc.w;
 552         }
 553         dc.w = blw;
 554         drawtext(lt->symbol, dc.norm, False);
 555         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 556         dc.w = textw(stext);
 557         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 558         if(dc.x < x) {
 559                 dc.x = x;
 560                 dc.w = sw - x;
 561         }
 562         drawtext(stext, dc.norm, False);
 563         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 564                 dc.x = x;
 565                 if(c) {
 566                         drawtext(c->name, dc.sel, False);
 567                         drawsquare(False, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
 568                 }
 569                 else
 570                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm, False);
 571         }
 572         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 573         XSync(dpy, False);
 574 }
 575
 576 void
 577 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 578         int x;
 579         XGCValues gcv;
 580         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 581
 582         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
 583         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 584         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 585         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 586         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 587         if(filled) {
 588                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 589                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 590         }
 591         else if(empty) {
 592                 r.width = r.height = x;
 593                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 594         }
 595 }
 596
 597 void
 598 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
 599         int x, y, w, h;
 600         unsigned int len, olen;
 601         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 602
 603         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
 604         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 605         if(!text)
 606                 return;
 607         w = 0;
 608         olen = len = strlen(text);
 609         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 610                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 611         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 612         buf[len] = 0;
 613         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 614         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 615         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 616         /* shorten text if necessary */
 617         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 618                 buf[--len] = 0;
 619         if(len < olen) {
 620                 if(len > 1)
 621                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 622                 if(len > 2)
 623                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 624                 if(len > 3)
 625                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 626         }
 627         if(w > dc.w)
 628                 return; /* too long */
 629         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
 630         if(dc.font.set)
 631                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 632         else
 633                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 634 }
 635
 636 void *
 637 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 638         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 639
 640         if(!res)
 641                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 642         return res;
 643 }
 644
 645 void
 646 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 647         Client *c;
 648         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 649
 650         if((ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) && ev->window != root)
 651                 return;
 652         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 653                 focus(c);
 654         else
 655                 focus(NULL);
 656 }
 657
 658 void
 659 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 660         va_list ap;
 661
 662         va_start(ap, errstr);
 663         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 664         va_end(ap);
 665         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 666 }
 667
 668 void
 669 expose(XEvent *e) {
 670         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 671
 672         if(ev->count == 0 && (ev->window == barwin))
 673                 drawbar();
 674 }
 675
 676 void
 677 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 678         Client *c;
 679
 680         domwfact = dozoom = False;
 681         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 682                 if(isvisible(c))
 683                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 684 }
 685
 686 void
 687 focus(Client *c) {
 688         if(!c || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 689                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 690         if(sel && sel != c) {
 691                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 692                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 693         }
 694         if(c) {
 695                 detachstack(c);
 696                 attachstack(c);
 697                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 698         }
 699         sel = c;
 700         if(c) {
 701                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 702                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 703         }
 704         else
 705                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 706         drawbar();
 707 }
 708
 709 void
 710 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 711         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 712
 713         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 714                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 715 }
 716
 717 void
 718 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 719         Client *c;
 720
 721         if(!sel)
 722                 return;
 723         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 724         if(!c)
 725                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 726         if(c) {
 727                 focus(c);
 728                 restack();
 729         }
 730 }
 731
 732 void
 733 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 734         Client *c;
 735
 736         if(!sel)
 737                 return;
 738         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 739         if(!c) {
 740                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 741                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 742         }
 743         if(c) {
 744                 focus(c);
 745                 restack();
 746         }
 747 }
 748
 749 Client *
 750 getclient(Window w) {
 751         Client *c;
 752
 753         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 754         return c;
 755 }
 756
 757 unsigned long
 758 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 759         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 760         XColor color;
 761
 762         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 763                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 764         return color.pixel;
 765 }
 766
 767 long
 768 getstate(Window w) {
 769         int format, status;
 770         long result = -1;
 771         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 772         unsigned long n, extra;
 773         Atom real;
 774
 775         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 776                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 777         if(status != Success)
 778                 return -1;
 779         if(n != 0)
 780                 result = *p;
 781         XFree(p);
 782         return result;
 783 }
 784
 785 Bool
 786 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 787         char **list = NULL;
 788         int n;
 789         XTextProperty name;
 790
 791         if(!text || size == 0)
 792                 return False;
 793         text[0] = '\0';
 794         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 795         if(!name.nitems)
 796                 return False;
 797         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 798                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 799         else {
 800                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 801                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 802                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 803                         XFreeStringList(list);
 804                 }
 805         }
 806         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 807         XFree(name.value);
 808         return True;
 809 }
 810
 811 void
 812 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 813         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 814
 815         if(focused) {
 816                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 817                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 818                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 819                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 820                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 821                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 822                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 823                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 824
 825                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 826                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 827                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 828                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 829                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 830                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 831                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 832                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 833
 834                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 835                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 836                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 837                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 838                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 839                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 840                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 841                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 842         }
 843         else
 844                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 845                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 846 }
 847
 848 void
 849 grabkeys(void)  {
 850         unsigned int i, j;
 851         KeyCode code;
 852         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
 853
 854         /* init modifier map */
 855         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
 856         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
 857                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
 858                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
 859                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
 860                 }
 861         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
 862
 863         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 864         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 865                 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 866                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 867                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 868                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
 869                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 870                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
 871                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 872                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
 873                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 874         }
 875 }
 876
 877 unsigned int
 878 idxoftag(const char *t) {
 879         unsigned int i;
 880
 881         for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != t); i++);
 882         return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 883 }
 884
 885 void
 886 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 887         char *def, **missing;
 888         int i, n;
 889
 890         missing = NULL;
 891         if(dc.font.set)
 892                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 893         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 894         if(missing) {
 895                 while(n--)
 896                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 897                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 898         }
 899         if(dc.font.set) {
 900                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 901                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 902                 char **font_names;
 903                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 904                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 905                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 906                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 907                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 908                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 909                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 910                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 911                         xfonts++;
 912                 }
 913         }
 914         else {
 915                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 916                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 917                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 918                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 919                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 920                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 921                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 922                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 923         }
 924         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 925 }
 926
 927 Bool
 928 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 929         Client *c;
 930
 931         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 932                 if(c->tags[t])
 933                         return True;
 934         return False;
 935 }
 936
 937 Bool
 938 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 939         int i, n;
 940         Atom *protocols;
 941         Bool ret = False;
 942
 943         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 944                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 945                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 946                                 ret = True;
 947                 XFree(protocols);
 948         }
 949         return ret;
 950 }
 951
 952 Bool
 953 isurgent(unsigned int t) {
 954         Client *c;
 955
 956         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 957                 if(c->isurgent && c->tags[t])
 958                         return True;
 959         return False;
 960 }
 961
 962 Bool
 963 isvisible(Client *c) {
 964         unsigned int i;
 965
 966         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 967                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 968                         return True;
 969         return False;
 970 }
 971
 972 void
 973 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 974         unsigned int i;
 975         KeySym keysym;
 976         XKeyEvent *ev;
 977
 978         ev = &e->xkey;
 979         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 980         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 981                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 982                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 983                 {
 984                         if(keys[i].func)
 985                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 986                 }
 987 }
 988
 989 void
 990 killclient(const char *arg) {
 991         XEvent ev;
 992
 993         if(!sel)
 994                 return;
 995         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 996                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 997                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 998                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 999                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
1000                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
1001                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1002                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1003         }
1004         else
1005                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
1006 }
1007
1008 void
1009 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1010         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1011         Status rettrans;
1012         Window trans;
1013         XWindowChanges wc;
1014
1015         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1016         c->tags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1017         c->win = w;
1018
1019         c->x = wa->x + sx;
1020         c->y = wa->y + sy;
1021         c->w = wa->width;
1022         c->h = wa->height;
1023         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1024
1025         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1026                 c->x = sx;
1027                 c->y = sy;
1028                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1029         }
1030         else {
1031                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1032                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1033                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1034                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1035                 if(c->x < wax)
1036                         c->x = wax;
1037                 if(c->y < way)
1038                         c->y = way;
1039                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1040         }
1041         wc.border_width = c->border;
1042         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1043         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1044         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1045         updatesizehints(c);
1046         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1047         grabbuttons(c, False);
1048         updatetitle(c);
1049         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1050                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1051         if(t)
1052                 memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, TAGSZ);
1053         else
1054                 applyrules(c);
1055         if(!c->isfloating)
1056                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1057         attach(c);
1058         attachstack(c);
1059         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1060         ban(c);
1061         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1062         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1063         arrange();
1064 }
1065
1066 void
1067 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1068         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1069
1070         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1071         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1072                 grabkeys();
1073 }
1074
1075 void
1076 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1077         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1078         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1079
1080         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1081                 return;
1082         if(wa.override_redirect)
1083                 return;
1084         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1085                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1086 }
1087
1088 void
1089 monocle(void) {
1090         Client *c;
1091
1092         domwfact = dozoom = False;
1093         for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1094                 resize(c, wax, way, waw - 2 * c->border, wah - 2 * c->border, RESIZEHINTS);
1095 }
1096
1097 void
1098 movemouse(Client *c) {
1099         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1100         unsigned int dui;
1101         Window dummy;
1102         XEvent ev;
1103
1104         ocx = nx = c->x;
1105         ocy = ny = c->y;
1106         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1107                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1108                 return;
1109         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1110         for(;;) {
1111                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1112                 switch (ev.type) {
1113                 case ButtonRelease:
1114                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1115                         return;
1116                 case ConfigureRequest:
1117                 case Expose:
1118                 case MapRequest:
1119                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1120                         break;
1121                 case MotionNotify:
1122                         XSync(dpy, False);
1123                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1124                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1125                         if(abs(wax - nx) < SNAP)
1126                                 nx = wax;
1127                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1128                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1129                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1130                                 ny = way;
1131                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1132                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1133                         if(!c->isfloating && (lt->arrange != floating) && (abs(nx - c->x) > SNAP || abs(ny - c->y) > SNAP))
1134                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1135                         if((lt->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1136                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1137                         break;
1138                 }
1139         }
1140 }
1141
1142 Client *
1143 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1144         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1145         return c;
1146 }
1147
1148 void
1149 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1150         Client *c;
1151         Window trans;
1152         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1153
1154         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1155                 return; /* ignore */
1156         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1157                 switch (ev->atom) {
1158                 default: break;
1159                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1160                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1161                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1162                                 arrange();
1163                         break;
1164                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1165                         updatesizehints(c);
1166                         break;
1167                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1168                         updatewmhints(c);
1169                         drawbar();
1170                         break;
1171                 }
1172                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1173                         updatetitle(c);
1174                         if(c == sel)
1175                                 drawbar();
1176                 }
1177         }
1178 }
1179
1180 void
1181 quit(const char *arg) {
1182         readin = running = False;
1183 }
1184
1185 void
1186 reapply(const char *arg) {
1187         static Bool zerotags[LENGTH(tags)] = { 0 };
1188         Client *c;
1189
1190         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1191                 memcpy(c->tags, zerotags, sizeof zerotags);
1192                 applyrules(c);
1193         }
1194         arrange();
1195 }
1196
1197 void
1198 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1199         XWindowChanges wc;
1200
1201         if(sizehints) {
1202                 /* set minimum possible */
1203                 if (w < 1)
1204                         w = 1;
1205                 if (h < 1)
1206                         h = 1;
1207
1208                 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1209                 w -= c->basew;
1210                 h -= c->baseh;
1211
1212                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1213                 if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1214                         if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1215                                 w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1216                         else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1217                                 h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1218                 }
1219
1220                 /* adjust for increment value */
1221                 if(c->incw)
1222                         w -= w % c->incw;
1223                 if(c->inch)
1224                         h -= h % c->inch;
1225
1226                 /* restore base dimensions */
1227                 w += c->basew;
1228                 h += c->baseh;
1229
1230                 if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1231                         w = c->minw;
1232                 if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1233                         h = c->minh;
1234                 if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1235                         w = c->maxw;
1236                 if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1237                         h = c->maxh;
1238         }
1239         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1240                 return;
1241         if(x > sx + sw)
1242                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1243         if(y > sy + sh)
1244                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1245         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1246                 x = sx;
1247         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1248                 y = sy;
1249         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1250                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1251                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1252                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1253                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1254                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1255                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1256                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1257                 configure(c);
1258                 XSync(dpy, False);
1259         }
1260 }
1261
1262 void
1263 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1264         int ocx, ocy;
1265         int nw, nh;
1266         XEvent ev;
1267
1268         ocx = c->x;
1269         ocy = c->y;
1270         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1271                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1272                 return;
1273         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1274         for(;;) {
1275                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1276                 switch(ev.type) {
1277                 case ButtonRelease:
1278                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1279                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1280                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1281                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1282                         return;
1283                 case ConfigureRequest:
1284                 case Expose:
1285                 case MapRequest:
1286                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1287                         break;
1288                 case MotionNotify:
1289                         XSync(dpy, False);
1290                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1291                                 nw = 1;
1292                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1293                                 nh = 1;
1294                         if(!c->isfloating && (lt->arrange != floating) && (abs(nw - c->w) > SNAP || abs(nh - c->h) > SNAP))
1295                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1296                         if((lt->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1297                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1298                         break;
1299                 }
1300         }
1301 }
1302
1303 void
1304 restack(void) {
1305         Client *c;
1306         XEvent ev;
1307         XWindowChanges wc;
1308
1309         drawbar();
1310         if(!sel)
1311                 return;
1312         if(sel->isfloating || (lt->arrange == floating))
1313                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1314         if(lt->arrange != floating) {
1315                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1316                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1317                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1318                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1319                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1320                 }
1321                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1322                         if(c == sel)
1323                                 continue;
1324                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1325                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1326                 }
1327         }
1328         XSync(dpy, False);
1329         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1330 }
1331
1332 void
1333 run(void) {
1334         char *p;
1335         char sbuf[sizeof stext];
1336         fd_set rd;
1337         int r, xfd;
1338         unsigned int len, offset;
1339         XEvent ev;
1340
1341         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1342         XSync(dpy, False);
1343         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1344         readin = True;
1345         offset = 0;
1346         len = sizeof stext - 1;
1347         sbuf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1348         while(running) {
1349                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1350                 if(readin)
1351                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1352                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1353                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1354                         if(errno == EINTR)
1355                                 continue;
1356                         eprint("select failed\n");
1357                 }
1358                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1359                         switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, sbuf + offset, len - offset))) {
1360                         case -1:
1361                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1362                                 readin = False;
1363                                 break;
1364                         case 0:
1365                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1366                                 readin = False;
1367                                 break;
1368                         default:
1369                                 for(p = sbuf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1370                                         if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1371                                                 *p = '\0';
1372                                                 strncpy(stext, sbuf, len);
1373                                                 p += r - 1; /* p is sbuf + offset + r - 1 */
1374                                                 for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1375                                                 offset = r;
1376                                                 if(r)
1377                                                         memmove(sbuf, p - r + 1, r);
1378                                                 break;
1379                                         }
1380                                 break;
1381                         }
1382                         drawbar();
1383                 }
1384                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1385                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1386                         if(handler[ev.type])
1387                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1388                 }
1389         }
1390 }
1391
1392 void
1393 scan(void) {
1394         unsigned int i, num;
1395         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1396         XWindowAttributes wa;
1397
1398         wins = NULL;
1399         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1400                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1401                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1402                                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1403                                 continue;
1404                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1405                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1406                 }
1407                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1408                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1409                                 continue;
1410                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1411                                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1412                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1413                 }
1414         }
1415         if(wins)
1416                 XFree(wins);
1417 }
1418
1419 void
1420 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1421         long data[] = {state, None};
1422
1423         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1424                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1425 }
1426
1427 void
1428 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1429         unsigned int i;
1430
1431         if(!arg) {
1432                 lt++;
1433                 if(lt == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1434                         lt = &layouts[0];
1435         }
1436         else {
1437                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1438                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1439                                 break;
1440                 if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1441                         return;
1442                 lt = &layouts[i];
1443         }
1444         if(sel)
1445                 arrange();
1446         else
1447                 drawbar();
1448 }
1449
1450 void
1451 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1452         double delta;
1453
1454         if(!domwfact)
1455                 return;
1456         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1457         if(arg == NULL)
1458                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1459         else if(sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta) == 1) {
1460                 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1461                         mwfact += delta;
1462                 else
1463                         mwfact = delta;
1464                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1465                         mwfact = 0.1;
1466                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1467                         mwfact = 0.9;
1468         }
1469         arrange();
1470 }
1471
1472 void
1473 setup(void) {
1474         int screens = 1;
1475         unsigned int i;
1476         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1477 //#ifdef XINERAMA
1478         XineramaScreenInfo *info;
1479 //#endif
1480
1481         /* init screen */
1482         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1483         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1484         sx = 0;
1485         sy = 0;
1486         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1487         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1488         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1489                 if((info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &screens))) {
1490                         sx = info[0].x_org;
1491                         sy = info[0].y_org;
1492                         sw = info[0].width;
1493                         sh = info[0].height;
1494                 }
1495         }
1496
1497         /* init atoms */
1498         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1499         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1500         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1501         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1502         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1503         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1504
1505         /* init cursors */
1506         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1507         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1508         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1509
1510         ncols = 2;
1511 #if 0
1512         if(XineramaIsActive(dpy)) {
1513                 if((info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &screens))) {
1514                         if(screens >= 1) {
1515                                 sx = info[0].x_org;
1516                                 sy = info[0].y_org;
1517                                 sw = info[0].width;
1518                                 sh = info[0].height;
1519                         }
1520                         else {
1521                                 ncols = screens;
1522                                 cols = emallocz(ncols * sizeof(Column));
1523                                 for(i = 0; i < ncols; i++) {
1524                                         cols[i].x = info[i].x_org;
1525                                         cols[i].y = info[i].y_org;
1526                                         cols[i].w = info[i].width;
1527                                         cols[i].h = info[i].height;
1528                                 }
1529                         }
1530                         XFree(info);
1531                 }
1532         }
1533         else
1534         {
1535                 cols = emallocz(ncols * sizeof(Column));
1536                 cols[0].x = sx;
1537                 cols[0].y = sy;
1538         }
1539 #endif
1540         /* init appearance */
1541         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1542         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1543         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1544         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1545         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1546         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1547         initfont(FONT);
1548         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1549         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1550         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1551         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1552         if(!dc.font.set)
1553                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1554
1555         /* init tags */
1556         seltags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1557         prevtags = emallocz(TAGSZ);
1558         seltags[0] = prevtags[0] = True;
1559
1560         /* init layouts */
1561         mwfact = MWFACT;
1562         lt = &layouts[0];
1563
1564         /* TODO: Xinerama hints ? */
1565         /* init bar */
1566         for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1567                 i = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1568                 if(i > blw)
1569                         blw = i;
1570         }
1571
1572         bpos = BARPOS;
1573         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1574         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1575         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1576
1577         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen),
1578                                 CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1579                                 CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1580         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1581         updatebarpos();
1582         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1583         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1584         drawbar();
1585
1586         /* EWMH support per view */
1587         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1588                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1589
1590         /* select for events */
1591         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1592                         |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1593         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1594         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1595
1596
1597         /* grab keys */
1598         grabkeys();
1599 }
1600
1601 void
1602 spawn(const char *arg) {
1603         static char *shell = NULL;
1604
1605         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1606                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1607         if(!arg)
1608                 return;
1609         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1610          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1611         if(fork() == 0) {
1612                 if(fork() == 0) {
1613                         if(dpy)
1614                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1615                         setsid();
1616                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1617                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1618                         perror(" failed");
1619                 }
1620                 exit(0);
1621         }
1622         wait(0);
1623 }
1624
1625 void
1626 tag(const char *arg) {
1627         unsigned int i;
1628
1629         if(!sel)
1630                 return;
1631         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1632                 sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1633         sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1634         arrange();
1635 }
1636
1637 unsigned int
1638 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1639         XRectangle r;
1640
1641         if(dc.font.set) {
1642                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1643                 return r.width;
1644         }
1645         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1646 }
1647
1648 unsigned int
1649 textw(const char *text) {
1650         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1651 }
1652
1653 void
1654 tile(void) {
1655         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1656         Client *c, *mc;
1657
1658         domwfact = dozoom = True;
1659         nx = wax;
1660         ny = way;
1661         nw = 0;
1662         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1663                 n++;
1664
1665         /* window geoms */
1666         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1667         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1668         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1669                 th = wah;
1670
1671         for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1672                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1673                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1674                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1675                 }
1676                 else {  /* tile window */
1677                         if(i == 1) {
1678                                 ny = way;
1679                                 nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1680                                 nw = waw - mw - 2 * c->border;
1681                         }
1682                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1683                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1684                         else
1685                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1686                 }
1687                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1688                 if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1689                         /* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1690                         resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1691                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1692                         ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1693                 i++;
1694         }
1695 }
1696
1697 void
1698 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1699         if(bpos == BarOff)
1700                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1701         else
1702                 bpos = BarOff;
1703         updatebarpos();
1704         arrange();
1705 }
1706
1707 void
1708 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1709         if(!sel)
1710                 return;
1711         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1712         if(sel->isfloating)
1713                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1714         arrange();
1715 }
1716
1717 void
1718 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1719         unsigned int i, j;
1720
1721         if(!sel)
1722                 return;
1723         i = idxoftag(arg);
1724         if(conflicts(sel, i))
1725                 return;
1726         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1727         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1728         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1729                 sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1730         arrange();
1731 }
1732
1733 void
1734 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1735         unsigned int i, j;
1736
1737         i = idxoftag(arg);
1738         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1739         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1740         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1741                 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1742         arrange();
1743 }
1744
1745 void
1746 unban(Client *c) {
1747         if(!c->isbanned)
1748                 return;
1749         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1750         c->isbanned = False;
1751 }
1752
1753 void
1754 unmanage(Client *c) {
1755         XWindowChanges wc;
1756
1757         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1758         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1759         XGrabServer(dpy);
1760         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1761         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1762         detach(c);
1763         detachstack(c);
1764         if(sel == c)
1765                 focus(NULL);
1766         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1767         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1768         free(c->tags);
1769         free(c);
1770         XSync(dpy, False);
1771         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1772         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1773         arrange();
1774 }
1775
1776 void
1777 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1778         Client *c;
1779         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1780
1781         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1782                 unmanage(c);
1783 }
1784
1785 void
1786 updatebarpos(void) {
1787         XEvent ev;
1788
1789         wax = sx;
1790         way = sy;
1791         wah = sh;
1792         waw = sw;
1793         switch(bpos) {
1794         default:
1795                 wah -= bh;
1796                 way += bh;
1797                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1798                 break;
1799         case BarBot:
1800                 wah -= bh;
1801                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1802                 break;
1803         case BarOff:
1804                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1805                 break;
1806         }
1807         XSync(dpy, False);
1808         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1809 }
1810
1811 void
1812 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1813         long msize;
1814         XSizeHints size;
1815
1816         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1817                 size.flags = PSize;
1818         c->flags = size.flags;
1819         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1820                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1821                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1822         }
1823         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1824                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1825                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1826         }
1827         else
1828                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1829         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1830                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1831                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1832         }
1833         else
1834                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1835         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1836                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1837                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1838         }
1839         else
1840                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1841         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1842                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1843                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1844         }
1845         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1846                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1847                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1848         }
1849         else
1850                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1851         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1852                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1853                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1854                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1855                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1856         }
1857         else
1858                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1859         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1860                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1861 }
1862
1863 void
1864 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1865         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1866                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1867 }
1868
1869 void
1870 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1871         XWMHints *wmh;
1872
1873         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1874                 if(c == sel)
1875                         sel->isurgent = False;
1876                 else
1877                         c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1878                 XFree(wmh);
1879         }
1880 }
1881
1882
1883 void
1884 view(const char *arg) {
1885         unsigned int i;
1886
1887         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1888                 tmp[i] = (NULL == arg);
1889         tmp[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1890
1891         if(memcmp(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ) != 0) {
1892                 memcpy(prevtags, seltags, TAGSZ);
1893                 memcpy(seltags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1894                 arrange();
1895         }
1896 }
1897
1898 void
1899 viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1900
1901         memcpy(tmp, seltags, TAGSZ);
1902         memcpy(seltags, prevtags, TAGSZ);
1903         memcpy(prevtags, tmp, TAGSZ);
1904         arrange();
1905 }
1906
1907 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1908  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1909  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1910 int
1911 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1912         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1913         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1914         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1915         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1916         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1917         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1918         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1919         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1920                 return 0;
1921         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1922                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1923         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1924 }
1925
1926 int
1927 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1928         return 0;
1929 }
1930
1931 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1932  * is already running. */
1933 int
1934 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1935         otherwm = True;
1936         return -1;
1937 }
1938
1939 void
1940 zoom(const char *arg) {
1941         Client *c = sel;
1942
1943         if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1944                 return;
1945         if(c == nexttiled(clients))
1946                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1947                         return;
1948         detach(c);
1949         attach(c);
1950         focus(c);
1951         arrange();
1952 }
1953
1954 int
1955 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1956         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1957                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
1958         else if(argc != 1)
1959                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1960
1961         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1962         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1963                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1964
1965         checkotherwm();
1966         setup();
1967         scan();
1968         run();
1969         cleanup();
1970
1971         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1972         return 0;
1973 }