dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21  * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22  * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23  *
  24  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  25  *
  26  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  27  */
  28 #include <errno.h>
  29 #include <locale.h>
  30 #include <stdarg.h>
  31 #include <stdio.h>
  32 #include <stdlib.h>
  33 #include <string.h>
  34 #include <unistd.h>
  35 #include <sys/select.h>
  36 #include <sys/types.h>
  37 #include <sys/wait.h>
  38 #include <regex.h>
  39 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  40 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  42 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  43 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  44 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  45
  46 /* macros */
  47 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  48 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  49 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  50
  51 /* enums */
  52 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  53 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  54 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  55 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  56 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  57
  58 /* typedefs */
  59 typedef struct Client Client;
  60 struct Client {
  61         char name[256];
  62         int x, y, w, h;
  63         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  64         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  65         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  66         long flags;
  67         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  68         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
  69         Bool *tags;
  70         Client *next;
  71         Client *prev;
  72         Client *snext;
  73         Window win;
  74 };
  75
  76 typedef struct {
  77         int x, y, w, h;
  78         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  79         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  80         Drawable drawable;
  81         GC gc;
  82         struct {
  83                 int ascent;
  84                 int descent;
  85                 int height;
  86                 XFontSet set;
  87                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  88         } font;
  89 } DC; /* draw context */
  90
  91 typedef struct {
  92         unsigned long mod;
  93         KeySym keysym;
  94         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  95         const char *arg;
  96 } Key;
  97
  98 typedef struct {
  99         const char *symbol;
 100         void (*arrange)(void);
 101 } Layout;
 102
 103 typedef struct {
 104         const char *prop;
 105         const char *tags;
 106         Bool isfloating;
 107 } Rule;
 108
 109 typedef struct {
 110         regex_t *propregex;
 111         regex_t *tagregex;
 112 } Regs;
 113
 114 /* forward declarations */
 115 void applyrules(Client *c);
 116 void arrange(void);
 117 void attach(Client *c);
 118 void attachstack(Client *c);
 119 void ban(Client *c);
 120 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 121 void checkotherwm(void);
 122 void cleanup(void);
 123 void compileregs(void);
 124 void configure(Client *c);
 125 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 126 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 127 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 128 void detach(Client *c);
 129 void detachstack(Client *c);
 130 void drawbar(void);
 131 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 132 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 134 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 135 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 136 void expose(XEvent *e);
 137 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 138 void focus(Client *c);
 139 void focusnext(const char *arg);
 140 void focusprev(const char *arg);
 141 Client *getclient(Window w);
 142 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 143 long getstate(Window w);
 144 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 145 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 146 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 147 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 148 Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
 149 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 150 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 151 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 152 void keypress(XEvent *e);
 153 void killclient(const char *arg);
 154 void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 155 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 156 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 157 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 158 void movemouse(Client *c);
 159 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 160 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 161 void quit(const char *arg);
 162 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 163 void resizemouse(Client *c);
 164 void restack(void);
 165 void run(void);
 166 void scan(void);
 167 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 168 void setlayout(const char *arg);
 169 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 170 void setup(void);
 171 void spawn(const char *arg);
 172 void tag(const char *arg);
 173 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 174 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 175 void tile(void);
 176 void togglebar(const char *arg);
 177 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 178 void togglemax(const char *arg);
 179 void toggletag(const char *arg);
 180 void toggleview(const char *arg);
 181 void unban(Client *c);
 182 void unmanage(Client *c);
 183 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 184 void updatebarpos(void);
 185 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 186 void updatetitle(Client *c);
 187 void view(const char *arg);
 188 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 189 int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 190 int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 191 void zoom(const char *arg);
 192
 193 /* variables */
 194 char stext[256];
 195 double mwfact;
 196 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 197 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 198 unsigned int bh, bpos, ntags;
 199 unsigned int blw = 0;
 200 unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
 201 unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
 202 unsigned int nrules = 0;
 203 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 204 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 205         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 206         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 207         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 208         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 209         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 210         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 211         [Expose] = expose,
 212         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 213         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 214         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 215         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 216         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 217 };
 218 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 219 Bool otherwm, readin;
 220 Bool running = True;
 221 Bool *seltags;
 222 Bool selscreen = True;
 223 Client *clients = NULL;
 224 Client *sel = NULL;
 225 Client *stack = NULL;
 226 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 227 Display *dpy;
 228 DC dc = {0};
 229 Window barwin, root;
 230 Regs *regs = NULL;
 231
 232 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 233 #include "config.h"
 234
 235 /* functions*/
 236 void
 237 applyrules(Client *c) {
 238         static char buf[512];
 239         unsigned int i, j;
 240         regmatch_t tmp;
 241         Bool matched = False;
 242         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 243
 244         /* rule matching */
 245         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 246         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 247                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 248                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 249         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
 250                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 251                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 252                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < ntags; j++) {
 253                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 254                                         matched = True;
 255                                         c->tags[j] = True;
 256                                 }
 257                         }
 258                 }
 259         if(ch.res_class)
 260                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 261         if(ch.res_name)
 262                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 263         if(!matched)
 264                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 265                         c->tags[i] = seltags[i];
 266 }
 267
 268 void
 269 arrange(void) {
 270         Client *c;
 271
 272         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 273                 if(isvisible(c))
 274                         unban(c);
 275                 else
 276                         ban(c);
 277         layouts[ltidx].arrange();
 278         focus(NULL);
 279         restack();
 280 }
 281
 282 void
 283 attach(Client *c) {
 284         if(clients)
 285                 clients->prev = c;
 286         c->next = clients;
 287         clients = c;
 288 }
 289
 290 void
 291 attachstack(Client *c) {
 292         c->snext = stack;
 293         stack = c;
 294 }
 295
 296 void
 297 ban(Client *c) {
 298         if(c->isbanned)
 299                 return;
 300         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 301         c->isbanned = True;
 302 }
 303
 304 void
 305 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 306         unsigned int i, x;
 307         Client *c;
 308         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 309
 310         if(barwin == ev->window) {
 311                 x = 0;
 312                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 313                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 314                         if(ev->x < x) {
 315                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 316                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 317                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 318                                         else
 319                                                 view(tags[i]);
 320                                 }
 321                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 322                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 323                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 324                                         else
 325                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 326                                 }
 327                                 return;
 328                         }
 329                 }
 330                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 331                         setlayout(NULL);
 332         }
 333         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 334                 focus(c);
 335                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 336                         return;
 337                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 338                         if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
 339                                 restack();
 340                         else
 341                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 342                         movemouse(c);
 343                 }
 344                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 345                         if(ISTILE && !c->isfixed && c->isfloating)
 346                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 347                         else
 348                                 zoom(NULL);
 349                 }
 350                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 351                         if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
 352                                 restack();
 353                         else
 354                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 355                         resizemouse(c);
 356                 }
 357         }
 358 }
 359
 360 void
 361 checkotherwm(void) {
 362         otherwm = False;
 363         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 364
 365         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 366         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 367         XSync(dpy, False);
 368         if(otherwm)
 369                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 370         XSync(dpy, False);
 371         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 372         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 373         XSync(dpy, False);
 374 }
 375
 376 void
 377 cleanup(void) {
 378         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 379         while(stack) {
 380                 unban(stack);
 381                 unmanage(stack);
 382         }
 383         if(dc.font.set)
 384                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 385         else
 386                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 387         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 388         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 389         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 390         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 391         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 392         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 393         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 394         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 395         XSync(dpy, False);
 396         free(seltags);
 397 }
 398
 399 void
 400 compileregs(void) {
 401         unsigned int i;
 402         regex_t *reg;
 403
 404         if(regs)
 405                 return;
 406         nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
 407         regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
 408         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
 409                 if(rules[i].prop) {
 410                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 411                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 412                                 free(reg);
 413                         else
 414                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
 415                 }
 416                 if(rules[i].tags) {
 417                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 418                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 419                                 free(reg);
 420                         else
 421                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 422                 }
 423         }
 424 }
 425
 426 void
 427 configure(Client *c) {
 428         XConfigureEvent ce;
 429
 430         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 431         ce.display = dpy;
 432         ce.event = c->win;
 433         ce.window = c->win;
 434         ce.x = c->x;
 435         ce.y = c->y;
 436         ce.width = c->w;
 437         ce.height = c->h;
 438         ce.border_width = c->border;
 439         ce.above = None;
 440         ce.override_redirect = False;
 441         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 442 }
 443
 444 void
 445 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 446         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 447
 448         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 449                 sw = ev->width;
 450                 sh = ev->height;
 451                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 452                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 453                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 454                 updatebarpos();
 455                 arrange();
 456         }
 457 }
 458
 459 void
 460 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 461         Client *c;
 462         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 463         XWindowChanges wc;
 464
 465         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 466                 c->ismax = False;
 467                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 468                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 469                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isarrange(floating)) {
 470                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 471                                 c->x = ev->x;
 472                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 473                                 c->y = ev->y;
 474                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 475                                 c->w = ev->width;
 476                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 477                                 c->h = ev->height;
 478                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 479                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 480                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 481                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 482                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 483                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 484                                 configure(c);
 485                         if(isvisible(c))
 486                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 487                 }
 488                 else
 489                         configure(c);
 490         }
 491         else {
 492                 wc.x = ev->x;
 493                 wc.y = ev->y;
 494                 wc.width = ev->width;
 495                 wc.height = ev->height;
 496                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 497                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 498                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 499                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 500         }
 501         XSync(dpy, False);
 502 }
 503
 504 void
 505 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 506         Client *c;
 507         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 508
 509         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 510                 unmanage(c);
 511 }
 512
 513 void
 514 detach(Client *c) {
 515         if(c->prev)
 516                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 517         if(c->next)
 518                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 519         if(c == clients)
 520                 clients = c->next;
 521         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 522 }
 523
 524 void
 525 detachstack(Client *c) {
 526         Client **tc;
 527
 528         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 529         *tc = c->snext;
 530 }
 531
 532 void
 533 drawbar(void) {
 534         int i, x;
 535
 536         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 537         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 538                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 539                 if(seltags[i]) {
 540                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 541                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 542                 }
 543                 else {
 544                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 545                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 546                 }
 547                 dc.x += dc.w;
 548         }
 549         dc.w = blw;
 550         drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
 551         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 552         dc.w = textw(stext);
 553         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 554         if(dc.x < x) {
 555                 dc.x = x;
 556                 dc.w = sw - x;
 557         }
 558         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 559         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 560                 dc.x = x;
 561                 if(sel) {
 562                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 563                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 564                 }
 565                 else
 566                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 567         }
 568         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 569         XSync(dpy, False);
 570 }
 571
 572 void
 573 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 574         int x;
 575         XGCValues gcv;
 576         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 577
 578         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 579         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 580         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 581         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 582         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 583         if(filled) {
 584                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 585                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 586         }
 587         else if(empty) {
 588                 r.width = r.height = x;
 589                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 590         }
 591 }
 592
 593 void
 594 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 595         int x, y, w, h;
 596         static char buf[256];
 597         unsigned int len, olen;
 598         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 599
 600         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 601         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 602         if(!text)
 603                 return;
 604         w = 0;
 605         olen = len = strlen(text);
 606         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 607                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 608         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 609         buf[len] = 0;
 610         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 611         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 612         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 613         /* shorten text if necessary */
 614         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 615                 buf[--len] = 0;
 616         if(len < olen) {
 617                 if(len > 1)
 618                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 619                 if(len > 2)
 620                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 621                 if(len > 3)
 622                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 623         }
 624         if(w > dc.w)
 625                 return; /* too long */
 626         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 627         if(dc.font.set)
 628                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 629         else
 630                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 631 }
 632
 633 void *
 634 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 635         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 636
 637         if(!res)
 638                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 639         return res;
 640 }
 641
 642 void
 643 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 644         Client *c;
 645         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 646
 647         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 648                 return;
 649         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 650                 focus(c);
 651                 if(ISTILE && !c->isfloating)
 652                         restack();
 653         }
 654         else if(ev->window == root) {
 655                 selscreen = True;
 656                 focus(NULL);
 657         }
 658 }
 659
 660 void
 661 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 662         va_list ap;
 663
 664         va_start(ap, errstr);
 665         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 666         va_end(ap);
 667         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 668 }
 669
 670 void
 671 expose(XEvent *e) {
 672         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 673
 674         if(ev->count == 0) {
 675                 if(barwin == ev->window)
 676                         drawbar();
 677         }
 678 }
 679
 680 void
 681 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 682         Client *c;
 683
 684         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 685                 if(isvisible(c))
 686                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 687 }
 688
 689 void
 690 focus(Client *c) {
 691         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 692                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 693         if(sel && sel != c) {
 694                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 695                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 696         }
 697         if(c) {
 698                 detachstack(c);
 699                 attachstack(c);
 700                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 701         }
 702         sel = c;
 703         drawbar();
 704         if(!selscreen)
 705                 return;
 706         if(c) {
 707                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 708                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 709         }
 710         else
 711                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 712 }
 713
 714 void
 715 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 716         Client *c;
 717
 718         if(!sel)
 719                 return;
 720         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 721         if(!c)
 722                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 723         if(c) {
 724                 focus(c);
 725                 restack();
 726         }
 727 }
 728
 729 void
 730 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 731         Client *c;
 732
 733         if(!sel)
 734                 return;
 735         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 736         if(!c) {
 737                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 738                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 739         }
 740         if(c) {
 741                 focus(c);
 742                 restack();
 743         }
 744 }
 745
 746 Client *
 747 getclient(Window w) {
 748         Client *c;
 749
 750         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 751         return c;
 752 }
 753
 754 unsigned long
 755 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 756         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 757         XColor color;
 758
 759         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 760                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 761         return color.pixel;
 762 }
 763
 764 long
 765 getstate(Window w) {
 766         int format, status;
 767         long result = -1;
 768         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 769         unsigned long n, extra;
 770         Atom real;
 771
 772         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 773                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 774         if(status != Success)
 775                 return -1;
 776         if(n != 0)
 777                 result = *p;
 778         XFree(p);
 779         return result;
 780 }
 781
 782 Bool
 783 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 784         char **list = NULL;
 785         int n;
 786         XTextProperty name;
 787
 788         if(!text || size == 0)
 789                 return False;
 790         text[0] = '\0';
 791         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 792         if(!name.nitems)
 793                 return False;
 794         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 795                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 796         else {
 797                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 798                 && n > 0 && *list)
 799                 {
 800                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 801                         XFreeStringList(list);
 802                 }
 803         }
 804         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 805         XFree(name.value);
 806         return True;
 807 }
 808
 809 void
 810 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 811         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 812
 813         if(focused) {
 814                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 815                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 816                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 817                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 818                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 819                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 820                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 821                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 822
 823                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 824                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 825                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 826                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 827                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 828                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 829                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 830                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 831
 832                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 833                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 834                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 835                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 836                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 837                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 838                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 839                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 840         }
 841         else
 842                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 843                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 844 }
 845
 846 unsigned int
 847 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 848         unsigned int i;
 849
 850         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 851                 if(tags[i] == tag)
 852                         return i;
 853         return 0;
 854 }
 855
 856 void
 857 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 858         char *def, **missing;
 859         int i, n;
 860
 861         missing = NULL;
 862         if(dc.font.set)
 863                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 864         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 865         if(missing) {
 866                 while(n--)
 867                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 868                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 869         }
 870         if(dc.font.set) {
 871                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 872                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 873                 char **font_names;
 874                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 875                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 876                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 877                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 878                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 879                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 880                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 881                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 882                         xfonts++;
 883                 }
 884         }
 885         else {
 886                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 887                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 888                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 889                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 890                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 891                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 892                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 893                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 894         }
 895         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 896 }
 897
 898 Bool
 899 isarrange(void (*func)())
 900 {
 901         return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
 902 }
 903
 904 Bool
 905 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 906         Client *c;
 907
 908         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 909                 if(c->tags[t])
 910                         return True;
 911         return False;
 912 }
 913
 914 Bool
 915 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 916         int i, n;
 917         Atom *protocols;
 918         Bool ret = False;
 919
 920         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 921                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 922                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 923                                 ret = True;
 924                 XFree(protocols);
 925         }
 926         return ret;
 927 }
 928
 929 Bool
 930 isvisible(Client *c) {
 931         unsigned int i;
 932
 933         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 934                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 935                         return True;
 936         return False;
 937 }
 938
 939 void
 940 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 941         KEYS
 942         unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
 943         unsigned int i;
 944         KeyCode code;
 945         KeySym keysym;
 946         XKeyEvent *ev;
 947
 948         if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 949                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 950                 for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 951                         code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 952                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 953                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 954                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 955                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 956                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 957                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 958                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 959                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 960                 }
 961                 return;
 962         }
 963         ev = &e->xkey;
 964         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 965         for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
 966                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 967                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 968                 {
 969                         if(keys[i].func)
 970                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 971                 }
 972 }
 973
 974 void
 975 killclient(const char *arg) {
 976         XEvent ev;
 977
 978         if(!sel)
 979                 return;
 980         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 981                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 982                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 983                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 984                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 985                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 986                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 987                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 988         }
 989         else
 990                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 991 }
 992
 993 void
 994 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 995         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 996
 997         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 998                 selscreen = False;
 999                 focus(NULL);
1000         }
1001 }
1002
1003 void
1004 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1005         unsigned int i;
1006         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1007         Window trans;
1008         Status rettrans;
1009         XWindowChanges wc;
1010
1011         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1012         c->tags = emallocz(ntags * sizeof(Bool));
1013         c->win = w;
1014         c->x = wa->x;
1015         c->y = wa->y;
1016         c->w = wa->width;
1017         c->h = wa->height;
1018         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1019         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1020                 c->x = sx;
1021                 c->y = sy;
1022                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1023         }
1024         else {
1025                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1026                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1027                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1028                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1029                 if(c->x < wax)
1030                         c->x = wax;
1031                 if(c->y < way)
1032                         c->y = way;
1033                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1034         }
1035         wc.border_width = c->border;
1036         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1037         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1038         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1039         updatesizehints(c);
1040         XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1041                 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1042         grabbuttons(c, False);
1043         updatetitle(c);
1044         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1045                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1046         if(t)
1047                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1048                         c->tags[i] = t->tags[i];
1049         applyrules(c);
1050         if(!c->isfloating)
1051                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1052         attach(c);
1053         attachstack(c);
1054         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1055         ban(c);
1056         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1057         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1058         arrange();
1059 }
1060
1061 void
1062 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1063         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1064
1065         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1066         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1067                 keypress(NULL);
1068 }
1069
1070 void
1071 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1072         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1073         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1074
1075         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1076                 return;
1077         if(wa.override_redirect)
1078                 return;
1079         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1080                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1081 }
1082
1083 void
1084 movemouse(Client *c) {
1085         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1086         unsigned int dui;
1087         Window dummy;
1088         XEvent ev;
1089
1090         ocx = nx = c->x;
1091         ocy = ny = c->y;
1092         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1093                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1094                 return;
1095         c->ismax = False;
1096         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1097         for(;;) {
1098                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1099                 switch (ev.type) {
1100                 case ButtonRelease:
1101                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1102                         return;
1103                 case ConfigureRequest:
1104                 case Expose:
1105                 case MapRequest:
1106                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1107                         break;
1108                 case MotionNotify:
1109                         XSync(dpy, False);
1110                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1111                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1112                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1113                                 nx = wax;
1114                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1115                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1116                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1117                                 ny = way;
1118                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1119                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1120                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1121                         break;
1122                 }
1123         }
1124 }
1125
1126 Client *
1127 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1128         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1129         return c;
1130 }
1131
1132 void
1133 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1134         Client *c;
1135         Window trans;
1136         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1137
1138         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1139                 return; /* ignore */
1140         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1141                 switch (ev->atom) {
1142                         default: break;
1143                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1144                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1145                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1146                                         arrange();
1147                                 break;
1148                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1149                                 updatesizehints(c);
1150                                 break;
1151                 }
1152                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1153                         updatetitle(c);
1154                         if(c == sel)
1155                                 drawbar();
1156                 }
1157         }
1158 }
1159
1160 void
1161 quit(const char *arg) {
1162         readin = running = False;
1163 }
1164
1165 void
1166 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1167         double dx, dy, max, min, ratio;
1168         XWindowChanges wc;
1169
1170         if(sizehints) {
1171                 if(c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && (h - c->baseh) > 0 && (w - c->basew) > 0) {
1172                         dx = (double)(w - c->basew);
1173                         dy = (double)(h - c->baseh);
1174                         min = (double)(c->minax) / (double)(c->minay);
1175                         max = (double)(c->maxax) / (double)(c->maxay);
1176                         ratio = dx / dy;
1177                         if(max > 0 && min > 0 && ratio > 0) {
1178                                 if(ratio < min) {
1179                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (min * min + 1);
1180                                         dx = dy * min;
1181                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1182                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1183                                 }
1184                                 else if(ratio > max) {
1185                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (max * max + 1);
1186                                         dx = dy * min;
1187                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1188                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1189                                 }
1190                         }
1191                 }
1192                 if(c->minw && w < c->minw)
1193                         w = c->minw;
1194                 if(c->minh && h < c->minh)
1195                         h = c->minh;
1196                 if(c->maxw && w > c->maxw)
1197                         w = c->maxw;
1198                 if(c->maxh && h > c->maxh)
1199                         h = c->maxh;
1200                 if(c->incw)
1201                         w -= (w - c->basew) % c->incw;
1202                 if(c->inch)
1203                         h -= (h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
1204         }
1205         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1206                 return;
1207         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
1208         if(x > sw)
1209                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1210         if(y > sh)
1211                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1212         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1213                 x = sx;
1214         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1215                 y = sy;
1216         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1217                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1218                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1219                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1220                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1221                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1222                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1223                 configure(c);
1224                 XSync(dpy, False);
1225         }
1226 }
1227
1228 void
1229 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1230         int ocx, ocy;
1231         int nw, nh;
1232         XEvent ev;
1233
1234         ocx = c->x;
1235         ocy = c->y;
1236         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1237                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1238                 return;
1239         c->ismax = False;
1240         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1241         for(;;) {
1242                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1243                 switch(ev.type) {
1244                 case ButtonRelease:
1245                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1246                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1247                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1248                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1249                         return;
1250                 case ConfigureRequest:
1251                 case Expose:
1252                 case MapRequest:
1253                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1254                         break;
1255                 case MotionNotify:
1256                         XSync(dpy, False);
1257                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1258                                 nw = 1;
1259                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1260                                 nh = 1;
1261                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1262                         break;
1263                 }
1264         }
1265 }
1266
1267 void
1268 restack(void) {
1269         Client *c;
1270         XEvent ev;
1271         XWindowChanges wc;
1272
1273         drawbar();
1274         if(!sel)
1275                 return;
1276         if(sel->isfloating || isarrange(floating))
1277                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1278         if(!isarrange(floating)) {
1279                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1280                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1281                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1282                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1283                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1284                 }
1285                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1286                         if(c == sel)
1287                                 continue;
1288                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1289                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1290                 }
1291         }
1292         XSync(dpy, False);
1293         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1294 }
1295
1296 void
1297 run(void) {
1298         char *p;
1299         int r, xfd;
1300         fd_set rd;
1301         XEvent ev;
1302
1303         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1304         XSync(dpy, False);
1305         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1306         readin = True;
1307         while(running) {
1308                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1309                 if(readin)
1310                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1311                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1312                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1313                         if(errno == EINTR)
1314                                 continue;
1315                         eprint("select failed\n");
1316                 }
1317                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1318                         switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1319                         case -1:
1320                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1321                                 stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1322                                 readin = False;
1323                                 break;
1324                         case 0:
1325                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1326                                 readin = False;
1327                                 break;
1328                         default:
1329                                 for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1330                                 for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1331                                 if(p > stext)
1332                                         strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1333                         }
1334                         drawbar();
1335                 }
1336                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1337                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1338                         if(handler[ev.type])
1339                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1340                 }
1341         }
1342 }
1343
1344 void
1345 scan(void) {
1346         unsigned int i, num;
1347         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1348         XWindowAttributes wa;
1349
1350         wins = NULL;
1351         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1352                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1353                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1354                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1355                                 continue;
1356                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1357                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1358                 }
1359                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1360                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1361                                 continue;
1362                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1363                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1364                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1365                 }
1366         }
1367         if(wins)
1368                 XFree(wins);
1369 }
1370
1371 void
1372 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1373         long data[] = {state, None};
1374
1375         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1376                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1377 }
1378
1379 void
1380 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1381         unsigned int i;
1382
1383         if(!arg) {
1384                 if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1385                         ltidx = 0;;
1386         }
1387         else {
1388                 for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1389                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1390                                 break;
1391                 if(i == nlayouts)
1392                         return;
1393                 ltidx = i;
1394         }
1395         if(sel)
1396                 arrange();
1397         else
1398                 drawbar();
1399 }
1400
1401 void
1402 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1403         double delta;
1404
1405         if(!ISTILE)
1406                 return;
1407         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1408         if(arg == NULL)
1409                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1410         else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1411                 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1412                         mwfact += delta;
1413                 else
1414                         mwfact = delta;
1415                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1416                         mwfact = 0.1;
1417                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1418                         mwfact = 0.9;
1419         }
1420         arrange();
1421 }
1422
1423 void
1424 setup(void) {
1425         int d;
1426         unsigned int i, j, mask;
1427         Window w;
1428         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1429         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1430
1431         /* init atoms */
1432         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1433         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1434         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1435         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1436         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1437         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1438         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1439                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1440
1441         /* init cursors */
1442         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1443         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1444         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1445
1446         /* init geometry */
1447         sx = sy = 0;
1448         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1449         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1450
1451         /* init modifier map */
1452         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1453         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1454                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1455                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1456                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1457                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1458                 }
1459         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1460
1461         /* select for events */
1462         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1463                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1464         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1465         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1466         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1467
1468         /* grab keys */
1469         keypress(NULL);
1470
1471         /* init tags */
1472         compileregs();
1473         for(ntags = 0; tags[ntags]; ntags++);
1474         seltags = emallocz(sizeof(Bool) * ntags);
1475         seltags[0] = True;
1476
1477         /* init appearance */
1478         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1479         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1480         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1481         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1482         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1483         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1484         initfont(FONT);
1485         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1486
1487         /* init layouts */
1488         mwfact = MWFACT;
1489         nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
1490         for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
1491                 j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1492                 if(j > blw)
1493                         blw = j;
1494         }
1495
1496         /* init bar */
1497         bpos = BARPOS;
1498         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1499         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1500         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1501         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1502                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1503                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1504         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1505         updatebarpos();
1506         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1507         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1508         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1509         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1510         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1511         if(!dc.font.set)
1512                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1513
1514         /* multihead support */
1515         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1516 }
1517
1518 void
1519 spawn(const char *arg) {
1520         static char *shell = NULL;
1521
1522         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1523                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1524         if(!arg)
1525                 return;
1526         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1527          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1528         if(fork() == 0) {
1529                 if(fork() == 0) {
1530                         if(dpy)
1531                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1532                         setsid();
1533                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1534                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1535                         perror(" failed");
1536                 }
1537                 exit(0);
1538         }
1539         wait(0);
1540 }
1541
1542 void
1543 tag(const char *arg) {
1544         unsigned int i;
1545
1546         if(!sel)
1547                 return;
1548         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1549                 sel->tags[i] = arg == NULL;
1550         i = idxoftag(arg);
1551         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1552                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1553         arrange();
1554 }
1555
1556 unsigned int
1557 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1558         XRectangle r;
1559
1560         if(dc.font.set) {
1561                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1562                 return r.width;
1563         }
1564         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1565 }
1566
1567 unsigned int
1568 textw(const char *text) {
1569         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1570 }
1571
1572 void
1573 tile(void) {
1574         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1575         Client *c, *mc;
1576
1577         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1578                 n++;
1579
1580         /* window geoms */
1581         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1582         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1583         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1584                 th = wah;
1585
1586         nx = wax;
1587         ny = way;
1588         nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1589         for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1590                 c->ismax = False;
1591                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1592                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1593                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1594                 }
1595                 else {  /* tile window */
1596                         if(i == 1) {
1597                                 ny = way;
1598                                 nx += mc->w + mc->border;
1599                                 nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1600                         }
1601                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1602                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1603                         else
1604                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1605                 }
1606                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1607                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1608                         ny = c->y + c->h + c->border;
1609         }
1610 }
1611
1612 void
1613 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1614         if(bpos == BarOff)
1615                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1616         else
1617                 bpos = BarOff;
1618         updatebarpos();
1619         arrange();
1620 }
1621
1622 void
1623 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1624         if(!sel)
1625                 return;
1626         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1627         if(sel->isfloating)
1628                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1629         arrange();
1630 }
1631
1632 void
1633 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1634         XEvent ev;
1635
1636         if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1637                 return;
1638         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1639                 if(isarrange(floating) || sel->isfloating)
1640                         sel->wasfloating = True;
1641                 else {
1642                         togglefloating(NULL);
1643                         sel->wasfloating = False;
1644                 }
1645                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1646                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1647                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1648                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1649                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1650         }
1651         else {
1652                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1653                 if(!sel->wasfloating)
1654                         togglefloating(NULL);
1655         }
1656         drawbar();
1657         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1658 }
1659
1660 void
1661 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1662         unsigned int i, j;
1663
1664         if(!sel)
1665                 return;
1666         i = idxoftag(arg);
1667         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1668         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1669         if(j == ntags)
1670                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1671         arrange();
1672 }
1673
1674 void
1675 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1676         unsigned int i, j;
1677
1678         i = idxoftag(arg);
1679         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1680         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !seltags[j]; j++);
1681         if(j == ntags)
1682                 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1683         arrange();
1684 }
1685
1686 void
1687 unban(Client *c) {
1688         if(!c->isbanned)
1689                 return;
1690         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1691         c->isbanned = False;
1692 }
1693
1694 void
1695 unmanage(Client *c) {
1696         XWindowChanges wc;
1697
1698         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1699         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1700         XGrabServer(dpy);
1701         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1702         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1703         detach(c);
1704         detachstack(c);
1705         if(sel == c)
1706                 focus(NULL);
1707         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1708         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1709         free(c->tags);
1710         free(c);
1711         XSync(dpy, False);
1712         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1713         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1714         arrange();
1715 }
1716
1717 void
1718 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1719         Client *c;
1720         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1721
1722         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1723                 unmanage(c);
1724 }
1725
1726 void
1727 updatebarpos(void) {
1728         XEvent ev;
1729
1730         wax = sx;
1731         way = sy;
1732         wah = sh;
1733         waw = sw;
1734         switch(bpos) {
1735         default:
1736                 wah -= bh;
1737                 way += bh;
1738                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1739                 break;
1740         case BarBot:
1741                 wah -= bh;
1742                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1743                 break;
1744         case BarOff:
1745                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1746                 break;
1747         }
1748         XSync(dpy, False);
1749         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1750 }
1751
1752 void
1753 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1754         long msize;
1755         XSizeHints size;
1756
1757         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1758                 size.flags = PSize;
1759         c->flags = size.flags;
1760         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1761                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1762                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1763         }
1764         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1765                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1766                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1767         }
1768         else
1769                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1770         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1771                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1772                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1773         }
1774         else
1775                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1776         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1777                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1778                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1779         }
1780         else
1781                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1782         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1783                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1784                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1785         }
1786         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1787                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1788                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1789         }
1790         else
1791                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1792         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1793                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1794                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1795                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1796                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1797         }
1798         else
1799                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1800         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1801                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1802 }
1803
1804 void
1805 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1806         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1807                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1808 }
1809
1810 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1811  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1812  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1813 int
1814 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1815         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1816         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1817         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1818         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1819         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1820         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1821         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1822         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1823                 return 0;
1824         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1825                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1826         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1827 }
1828
1829 int
1830 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1831         return 0;
1832 }
1833
1834 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1835  * is already running. */
1836 int
1837 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1838         otherwm = True;
1839         return -1;
1840 }
1841
1842 void
1843 view(const char *arg) {
1844         unsigned int i;
1845
1846         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1847                 seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1848         i = idxoftag(arg);
1849         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1850                 seltags[i] = True;
1851         arrange();
1852 }
1853
1854 void
1855 zoom(const char *arg) {
1856         Client *c;
1857
1858         if(!sel || !ISTILE || sel->isfloating)
1859                 return;
1860         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1861                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1862                         return;
1863         detach(c);
1864         attach(c);
1865         focus(c);
1866         arrange();
1867 }
1868
1869 int
1870 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1871         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1872                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1873         else if(argc != 1)
1874                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1875
1876         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1877         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1878                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1879         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1880         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1881
1882         checkotherwm();
1883         setup();
1884         drawbar();
1885         scan();
1886         run();
1887         cleanup();
1888
1889         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1890         return 0;
1891 }