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[dwm.git] / dwm.c
1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
2  *
3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
8  *
9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
15  *
16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
21  *
22  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
23  *
24  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
25  */
26 #include <errno.h>
27 #include <locale.h>
28 #include <stdarg.h>
29 #include <stdio.h>
30 #include <stdlib.h>
31 #include <string.h>
32 #include <unistd.h>
33 #include <sys/select.h>
34 #include <sys/types.h>
35 #include <sys/wait.h>
36 #include <regex.h>
37 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
38 #include <X11/keysym.h>
39 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
40 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
41 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
42 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
43 //#ifdef XINERAMA
44 #include <X11/extensions/Xinerama.h>
45 //#endif
46
47 /* macros */
48 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask|ButtonReleaseMask)
49 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask|LockMask))
50 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
51 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
52 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK|PointerMotionMask)
53
54
55 /* enums */
56 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
57 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
58 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
59 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
60 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
61
62 /* typedefs */
63 typedef struct View View;
64 typedef struct Client Client;
65 struct Client {
66         char name[256];
67         int x, y, w, h;
68         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
69         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
70         int *tags;
71         long flags;
72         unsigned int border, oldborder;
73         Bool isbanned, isfixed, isfloating, isurgent;
74         Client *next;
75         Client *prev;
76         Client *snext;
77         Window win;
78 };
79
80 typedef struct {
81         int x, y, w, h;
82         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
83         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
84         Drawable drawable;
85         GC gc;
86         struct {
87                 int ascent;
88                 int descent;
89                 int height;
90                 XFontSet set;
91                 XFontStruct *xfont;
92         } font;
93 } DC; /* draw context */
94
95 typedef struct {
96         unsigned long mod;
97         KeySym keysym;
98         void (*func)(const char *arg);
99         const char *arg;
100 } Key;
101
102 typedef struct {
103         const char *symbol;
104         void (*arrange)(View *);
105 } Layout;
106
107 typedef struct {
108         const char *prop;
109         const char *tags;
110         Bool isfloating;
111 } Rule;
112
113 typedef struct {
114         regex_t *propregex;
115         regex_t *tagregex;
116 } Regs;
117
118 struct View {
119         int id;
120         int x, y, w, h, wax, way, wah, waw;
121         double mwfact;
122         Layout *layout;
123         Window barwin;
124 };
125
126 /* function declarations */
127 void applyrules(Client *c);
128 void arrange(void);
129 void attach(Client *c);
130 void attachstack(Client *c);
131 void ban(Client *c);
132 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
133 void checkotherwm(void);
134 void cleanup(void);
135 void compileregs(void);
136 void configure(Client *c);
137 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
138 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
139 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
140 void detach(Client *c);
141 void detachstack(Client *c);
142 void drawbar(View *v);
143 void drawsquare(View *v, Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
144 void drawtext(View *v, const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert);
145 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
146 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
147 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
148 void expose(XEvent *e);
149 void floating(View *v); /* default floating layout */
150 void focus(Client *c);
151 void focusin(XEvent *e);
152 void focusnext(const char *arg);
153 void focusprev(const char *arg);
154 Client *getclient(Window w);
155 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
156 View *getviewbar(Window barwin);
157 View *getview(Client *c);
158 long getstate(Window w);
159 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
160 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
161 void grabkeys(void);
162 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
163 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
164 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
165 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
166 Bool isurgent(unsigned int t);
167 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
168 void keypress(XEvent *e);
169 void killclient(const char *arg);
170 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
171 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
172 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
173 View *viewat(void);
174 void movemouse(Client *c);
175 Client *nexttiled(Client *c, View *v);
176 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
177 void quit(const char *arg);
178 void reapply(const char *arg);
179 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
180 void resizemouse(Client *c);
181 void restack(View *v);
182 void run(void);
183 void scan(void);
184 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
185 void setlayout(const char *arg);
186 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
187 void setup(void);
188 void spawn(const char *arg);
189 void tag(const char *arg);
190 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
191 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
192 void tile(View *v);
193 void togglebar(const char *arg);
194 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
195 void toggletag(const char *arg);
196 void toggleview(const char *arg);
197 void unban(Client *c);
198 void unmanage(Client *c);
199 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
200 void updatebarpos(View *v);
201 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
202 void updatetitle(Client *c);
203 void updatewmhints(Client *c);
204 void view(const char *arg);
205 void viewprevtag(const char *arg);      /* views previous selected tags */
206 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
207 int xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
208 int xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
209 void zoom(const char *arg);
210 void selectview(const char *arg);
211
212 /* variables */
213 char stext[256];
214 int nviews = 1;
215 View *selview;
216 int screen;
217 int *seltags;
218 int *prevtags;
219 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
220 unsigned int bh, bpos;
221 unsigned int blw = 0;
222 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
223 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
224         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
225         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
226         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
227         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
228         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
229         [Expose] = expose,
230         [FocusIn] = focusin,
231         [KeyPress] = keypress,
232         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
233         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
234         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
235         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
236 };
237 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
238 Bool isxinerama = False;
239 Bool domwfact = True;
240 Bool dozoom = True;
241 Bool otherwm, readin;
242 Bool running = True;
243 Client *clients = NULL;
244 Client *sel = NULL;
245 Client *stack = NULL;
246 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
247 Display *dpy;
248 DC dc = {0};
249 Regs *regs = NULL;
250 View *views;
251 Window root;
252
253 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
254 #include "config.h"
255
256 /* function implementations */
257 void
258 applyrules(Client *c) {
259         static char buf[512];
260         unsigned int i, j;
261         regmatch_t tmp;
262         Bool matched_tag = False;
263         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
264
265         /* rule matching */
266         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
267         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
268                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
269                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
270         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++)
271                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
272                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
273                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < LENGTH(tags); j++) {
274                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
275                                         matched_tag = True;
276                                         c->tags[j] = selview->id;
277                                 }
278                         }
279                 }
280         if(ch.res_class)
281                 XFree(ch.res_class);
282         if(ch.res_name)
283                 XFree(ch.res_name);
284         if(!matched_tag)
285                 memcpy(c->tags, seltags, sizeof initags);
286 }
287
288
289
290 void
291 arrange(void) {
292         unsigned int i;
293         Client *c;
294
295         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
296                 if(isvisible(c))
297                         unban(c);
298                 else
299                         ban(c);
300
301         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++) {
302                 views[i].layout->arrange(&views[i]);
303                 restack(&views[i]);
304         }
305         focus(NULL);
306 }
307
308 void
309 attach(Client *c) {
310         if(clients)
311                 clients->prev = c;
312         c->next = clients;
313         clients = c;
314 }
315
316 void
317 attachstack(Client *c) {
318         c->snext = stack;
319         stack = c;
320 }
321
322 void
323 ban(Client *c) {
324         if(c->isbanned)
325                 return;
326         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 3 * getview(c)->w, c->y);
327         c->isbanned = True;
328 }
329
330 void
331 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
332         unsigned int i, x;
333         Client *c;
334         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
335
336         View *v = selview;
337
338         if(ev->window == v->barwin) {
339                 x = 0;
340                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
341                         x += textw(tags[i]);
342                         if(ev->x < x) {
343                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
344                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
345                                                 tag(tags[i]);
346                                         else
347                                                 view(tags[i]);
348                                 }
349                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
350                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
351                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
352                                         else
353                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
354                                 }
355                                 return;
356                         }
357                 }
358                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
359                         setlayout(NULL);
360         }
361         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
362                 focus(c);
363                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
364                         return;
365                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
366                         restack(getview(c));
367                         movemouse(c);
368                 }
369                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
370                         if((floating != v->layout->arrange) && c->isfloating)
371                                 togglefloating(NULL);
372                         else
373                                 zoom(NULL);
374                 }
375                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
376                         restack(getview(c));
377                         resizemouse(c);
378                 }
379         }
380 }
381
382 void
383 checkotherwm(void) {
384         otherwm = False;
385         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
386
387         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
388         XSelectInput(dpy, DefaultRootWindow(dpy), SubstructureRedirectMask);
389         XSync(dpy, False);
390         if(otherwm)
391                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
392         XSync(dpy, False);
393         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
394         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
395         XSync(dpy, False);
396 }
397
398 void
399 cleanup(void) {
400         unsigned int i;
401         close(STDIN_FILENO);
402         while(stack) {
403                 unban(stack);
404                 unmanage(stack);
405         }
406         if(dc.font.set)
407                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
408         else
409                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
410
411         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
412         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
413         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
414         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
415         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
416         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
417         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++)
418                 XDestroyWindow(dpy, views[i].barwin);
419         XSync(dpy, False);
420         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
421 }
422
423 void
424 compileregs(void) {
425         unsigned int i;
426         regex_t *reg;
427
428         if(regs)
429                 return;
430         regs = emallocz(LENGTH(rules) * sizeof(Regs));
431         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
432                 if(rules[i].prop) {
433                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
434                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
435                                 free(reg);
436                         else
437                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
438                 }
439                 if(rules[i].tags) {
440                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
441                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
442                                 free(reg);
443                         else
444                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
445                 }
446         }
447 }
448
449 void
450 configure(Client *c) {
451         XConfigureEvent ce;
452
453         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
454         ce.display = dpy;
455         ce.event = c->win;
456         ce.window = c->win;
457         ce.x = c->x;
458         ce.y = c->y;
459         ce.width = c->w;
460         ce.height = c->h;
461         ce.border_width = c->border;
462         ce.above = None;
463         ce.override_redirect = False;
464         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
465 }
466
467 void
468 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
469         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
470         View *v = selview;
471
472         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != v->w || ev->height != v->h)) {
473                 /* TODO -- update Xinerama dimensions here */
474                 v->w = ev->width;
475                 v->h = ev->height;
476                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
477                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(root, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
478                 XResizeWindow(dpy, v->barwin, v->w, bh);
479                 updatebarpos(v);
480                 arrange();
481         }
482 }
483
484 void
485 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
486         Client *c;
487         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
488         XWindowChanges wc;
489
490         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
491                 View *v = getview(c);
492                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
493                         c->border = ev->border_width;
494                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == v->layout->arrange)) {
495                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
496                                 c->x = v->x + ev->x;
497                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
498                                 c->y = v->y + ev->y;
499                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
500                                 c->w = ev->width;
501                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
502                                 c->h = ev->height;
503                         if((c->x - v->x + c->w) > v->w && c->isfloating)
504                                 c->x = v->x + (v->w / 2 - c->w / 2); /* center in x direction */
505                         if((c->y - v->y + c->h) > v->h && c->isfloating)
506                                 c->y = v->y + (v->h / 2 - c->h / 2); /* center in y direction */
507                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX|CWY))
508                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth|CWHeight)))
509                                 configure(c);
510                         if(isvisible(c))
511                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
512                 }
513                 else
514                         configure(c);
515         }
516         else {
517                 wc.x = ev->x;
518                 wc.y = ev->y;
519                 wc.width = ev->width;
520                 wc.height = ev->height;
521                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
522                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
523                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
524                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
525         }
526         XSync(dpy, False);
527 }
528
529 void
530 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
531         Client *c;
532         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
533
534         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
535                 unmanage(c);
536 }
537
538 void
539 detach(Client *c) {
540         if(c->prev)
541                 c->prev->next = c->next;
542         if(c->next)
543                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
544         if(c == clients)
545                 clients = c->next;
546         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
547 }
548
549 void
550 detachstack(Client *c) {
551         Client **tc;
552
553         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
554         *tc = c->snext;
555 }
556
557 void
558 drawbar(View *v) {
559         int i, x;
560         Client *c;
561
562         dc.x = 0;
563         for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
564         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
565                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
566                 if(seltags[i]) {
567                         drawtext(v, tags[i], dc.sel, isurgent(i));
568                         drawsquare(v, c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.sel);
569                 }
570                 else {
571                         drawtext(v, tags[i], dc.norm, isurgent(i));
572                         drawsquare(v, c && c->tags[i], isoccupied(i), isurgent(i), dc.norm);
573                 }
574                 dc.x += dc.w;
575         }
576         dc.w = blw;
577         drawtext(v, v->layout->symbol, dc.norm, False);
578         x = dc.x + dc.w;
579         if(v == selview) {
580                 dc.w = textw(stext);
581                 dc.x = v->w - dc.w;
582                 if(dc.x < x) {
583                         dc.x = x;
584                         dc.w = v->w - x;
585                 }
586                 drawtext(v, stext, dc.norm, False);
587         }
588         else
589                 dc.x = v->w;
590         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
591                 dc.x = x;
592                 if(c) {
593                         drawtext(v, c->name, dc.sel, False);
594                         drawsquare(v, False, c->isfloating, False, dc.sel);
595                 }
596                 else
597                         drawtext(v, NULL, dc.norm, False);
598         }
599         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, v->barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, v->w, bh, 0, 0);
600         XSync(dpy, False);
601 }
602
603 void
604 drawsquare(View *v, Bool filled, Bool empty, Bool invert, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
605         int x;
606         XGCValues gcv;
607         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
608
609         gcv.foreground = col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG];
610         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
611         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
612         r.x = dc.x + 1;
613         r.y = dc.y + 1;
614         if(filled) {
615                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
616                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
617         }
618         else if(empty) {
619                 r.width = r.height = x;
620                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
621         }
622 }
623
624 void
625 drawtext(View *v, const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast], Bool invert) {
626         int x, y, w, h;
627         static char buf[256];
628         unsigned int len, olen;
629         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
630
631         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColFG : ColBG]);
632         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
633         if(!text)
634                 return;
635         w = 0;
636         olen = len = strlen(text);
637         if(len >= sizeof buf)
638                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
639         memcpy(buf, text, len);
640         buf[len] = 0;
641         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
642         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
643         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
644         /* shorten text if necessary */
645         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
646                 buf[--len] = 0;
647         if(len < olen) {
648                 if(len > 1)
649                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
650                 if(len > 2)
651                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
652                 if(len > 3)
653                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
654         }
655         if(w > dc.w)
656                 return; /* too long */
657         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[invert ? ColBG : ColFG]);
658         if(dc.font.set)
659                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
660         else
661                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
662 }
663
664 void *
665 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
666         void *res = calloc(1, size);
667
668         if(!res)
669                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
670         return res;
671 }
672
673 void
674 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
675         Client *c;
676         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
677
678         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior) {
679                 if(!isxinerama || ev->window != root)
680                         return;
681         }
682         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
683                 focus(c);
684         else
685                 focus(NULL);
686 }
687
688 void
689 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
690         va_list ap;
691
692         va_start(ap, errstr);
693         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
694         va_end(ap);
695         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
696 }
697
698 void
699 expose(XEvent *e) {
700         View *v;
701         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
702
703         if(ev->count == 0 && (v = getviewbar(ev->window)))
704                 drawbar(v);
705 }
706
707 void
708 floating(View *v) { /* default floating layout */
709         Client *c;
710
711         domwfact = dozoom = False;
712         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
713                 if(isvisible(c))
714                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
715 }
716
717 void
718 focus(Client *c) {
719         View *v = selview;
720         if(c)
721                 selview = getview(c);
722         else
723                 selview = viewat();
724         if(selview != v)
725                 drawbar(v);
726         if(!c || (c && !isvisible(c)))
727                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
728         if(sel && sel != c) {
729                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
730                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
731         }
732         if(c) {
733                 detachstack(c);
734                 attachstack(c);
735                 grabbuttons(c, True);
736         }
737         sel = c;
738         if(c) {
739                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
740                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
741                 selview = getview(c);
742         }
743         else
744                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
745         drawbar(selview);
746 }
747
748 void
749 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
750         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
751
752         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
753                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
754 }
755
756 void
757 focusnext(const char *arg) {
758         Client *c;
759
760         if(!sel)
761                 return;
762         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
763         if(!c)
764                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
765         if(c) {
766                 focus(c);
767                 restack(getview(c));
768         }
769 }
770
771 void
772 focusprev(const char *arg) {
773         Client *c;
774
775         if(!sel)
776                 return;
777         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
778         if(!c) {
779                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
780                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
781         }
782         if(c) {
783                 focus(c);
784                 restack(getview(c));
785         }
786 }
787
788 Client *
789 getclient(Window w) {
790         Client *c;
791
792         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
793         return c;
794 }
795
796 unsigned long
797 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
798         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
799         XColor color;
800
801         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
802                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
803         return color.pixel;
804 }
805
806 View *
807 getviewbar(Window barwin) {
808         unsigned int i;
809
810         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++)
811                 if(views[i].barwin == barwin)
812                         return &views[i];
813         return NULL;
814 }
815
816 View *
817 getview(Client *c) {
818         unsigned int i;
819
820         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
821                 if(c->tags[i])
822                         return &views[c->tags[i] - 1];
823         return &views[0]; /* fallback */
824 }
825
826 long
827 getstate(Window w) {
828         int format, status;
829         long result = -1;
830         unsigned char *p = NULL;
831         unsigned long n, extra;
832         Atom real;
833
834         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
835                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
836         if(status != Success)
837                 return -1;
838         if(n != 0)
839                 result = *p;
840         XFree(p);
841         return result;
842 }
843
844 Bool
845 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
846         char **list = NULL;
847         int n;
848         XTextProperty name;
849
850         if(!text || size == 0)
851                 return False;
852         text[0] = '\0';
853         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
854         if(!name.nitems)
855                 return False;
856         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
857                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
858         else {
859                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
860                 && n > 0 && *list) {
861                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
862                         XFreeStringList(list);
863                 }
864         }
865         text[size - 1] = '\0';
866         XFree(name.value);
867         return True;
868 }
869
870 void
871 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
872         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
873
874         if(focused) {
875                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
876                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
877                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
878                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
879                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
880                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
881                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
882                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
883
884                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
885                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
886                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
887                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
888                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
889                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
890                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
891                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
892
893                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
894                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
895                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
896                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
897                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
898                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
899                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY|numlockmask|LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
900                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
901         }
902         else
903                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
904                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
905 }
906
907 void
908 grabkeys(void)  {
909         unsigned int i, j;
910         KeyCode code;
911         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
912
913         /* init modifier map */
914         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
915         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
916                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
917                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j] == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
918                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
919                 }
920         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
921
922         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
923         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
924                 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
925                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
926                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
927                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|LockMask, root, True,
928                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
929                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask, root, True,
930                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
931                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod|numlockmask|LockMask, root, True,
932                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
933         }
934 }
935
936 unsigned int
937 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
938         unsigned int i;
939
940         for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != tag); i++);
941         return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
942 }
943
944 void
945 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
946         char *def, **missing;
947         int i, n;
948
949         missing = NULL;
950         if(dc.font.set)
951                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
952         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
953         if(missing) {
954                 while(n--)
955                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
956                 XFreeStringList(missing);
957         }
958         if(dc.font.set) {
959                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
960                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
961                 char **font_names;
962                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
963                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
964                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
965                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
966                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
967                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
968                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
969                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
970                         xfonts++;
971                 }
972         }
973         else {
974                 if(dc.font.xfont)
975                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
976                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
977                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
978                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
979                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
980                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
981                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
982         }
983         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
984 }
985
986 Bool
987 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
988         Client *c;
989
990         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
991                 if(c->tags[t])
992                         return True;
993         return False;
994 }
995
996 Bool
997 isprotodel(Client *c) {
998         int i, n;
999         Atom *protocols;
1000         Bool ret = False;
1001
1002         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
1003                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
1004                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
1005                                 ret = True;
1006                 XFree(protocols);
1007         }
1008         return ret;
1009 }
1010
1011 Bool
1012 isurgent(unsigned int t) {
1013         Client *c;
1014
1015         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1016                 if(c->isurgent && c->tags[t])
1017                         return True;
1018         return False;
1019 }
1020
1021 Bool
1022 isvisible(Client *c) {
1023         unsigned int i;
1024
1025         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1026                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
1027                         return True;
1028         return False;
1029 }
1030
1031 void
1032 keypress(XEvent *e) {
1033         unsigned int i;
1034         KeySym keysym;
1035         XKeyEvent *ev;
1036
1037         ev = &e->xkey;
1038         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
1039         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
1040                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
1041                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
1042                 {
1043                         if(keys[i].func)
1044                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
1045                 }
1046 }
1047
1048 void
1049 killclient(const char *arg) {
1050         XEvent ev;
1051
1052         if(!sel)
1053                 return;
1054         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
1055                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
1056                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
1057                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
1058                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
1059                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
1060                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
1061                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
1062         }
1063         else
1064                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
1065 }
1066
1067 void
1068 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1069         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1070         View *v;
1071         Status rettrans;
1072         Window trans;
1073         XWindowChanges wc;
1074
1075         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1076         c->tags = emallocz(sizeof initags);
1077         c->win = w;
1078
1079         applyrules(c);
1080
1081         v = getview(c);
1082
1083         c->x = wa->x + v->x;
1084         c->y = wa->y + v->y;
1085         c->w = wa->width;
1086         c->h = wa->height;
1087         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1088
1089         if(c->w == v->w && c->h == v->h) {
1090                 c->x = v->x;
1091                 c->y = v->y;
1092                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1093         }
1094         else {
1095                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > v->wax + v->waw)
1096                         c->x = v->wax + v->waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1097                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > v->way + v->wah)
1098                         c->y = v->way + v->wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1099                 if(c->x < v->wax)
1100                         c->x = v->wax;
1101                 if(c->y < v->way)
1102                         c->y = v->way;
1103                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1104         }
1105         wc.border_width = c->border;
1106         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1107         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1108         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1109         updatesizehints(c);
1110         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask|FocusChangeMask|PropertyChangeMask|StructureNotifyMask);
1111         grabbuttons(c, False);
1112         updatetitle(c);
1113         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1114                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1115         if(t)
1116                 memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, sizeof initags);
1117         if(!c->isfloating)
1118                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1119         attach(c);
1120         attachstack(c);
1121         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1122         ban(c);
1123         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1124         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1125         arrange();
1126 }
1127
1128 void
1129 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1130         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1131
1132         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1133         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1134                 grabkeys();
1135 }
1136
1137 void
1138 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1139         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1140         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1141
1142         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1143                 return;
1144         if(wa.override_redirect)
1145                 return;
1146         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1147                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1148 }
1149
1150 View *
1151 viewat() {
1152         int i, x, y;
1153         Window win;
1154         unsigned int mask;
1155
1156         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &win, &win, &x, &y, &i, &i, &mask);
1157         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++) {
1158                 if((x >= views[i].x && x < views[i].x + views[i].w)
1159                 && (y >= views[i].y && y < views[i].y + views[i].h)) {
1160                         return &views[i];
1161                 }
1162         }
1163         return NULL;
1164 }
1165
1166 void
1167 movemouse(Client *c) {
1168         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1169         unsigned int dui;
1170         View *v;
1171         Window dummy;
1172         XEvent ev;
1173
1174         ocx = nx = c->x;
1175         ocy = ny = c->y;
1176         v = getview(c);
1177         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1178                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1179                 return;
1180         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1181         for(;;) {
1182                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1183                 switch (ev.type) {
1184                 case ButtonRelease:
1185                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1186                         return;
1187                 case ConfigureRequest:
1188                 case Expose:
1189                 case MapRequest:
1190                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1191                         break;
1192                 case MotionNotify:
1193                         XSync(dpy, False);
1194                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1195                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1196                         if(abs(v->wax - nx) < SNAP)
1197                                 nx = v->wax;
1198                         else if(abs((v->wax + v->waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1199                                 nx = v->wax + v->waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1200                         if(abs(v->way - ny) < SNAP)
1201                                 ny = v->way;
1202                         else if(abs((v->way + v->wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1203                                 ny = v->way + v->wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1204                         if(!c->isfloating && (v->layout->arrange != floating) && (abs(nx - c->x) > SNAP || abs(ny - c->y) > SNAP))
1205                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1206                         if((v->layout->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1207                                 resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1208                         break;
1209                 }
1210         }
1211 }
1212
1213 Client *
1214 nexttiled(Client *c, View *v) {
1215         for(; c && (c->isfloating || getview(c) != v || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1216         return c;
1217 }
1218
1219 void
1220 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1221         Client *c;
1222         Window trans;
1223         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1224
1225         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1226                 return; /* ignore */
1227         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1228                 switch (ev->atom) {
1229                 default: break;
1230                 case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1231                         XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1232                         if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1233                                 arrange();
1234                         break;
1235                 case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1236                         updatesizehints(c);
1237                         break;
1238                 case XA_WM_HINTS:
1239                         updatewmhints(c);
1240                         drawbar(getview(c));
1241                         break;
1242                 }
1243                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1244                         updatetitle(c);
1245                         if(c == sel)
1246                                 drawbar(selview);
1247                 }
1248         }
1249 }
1250
1251 void
1252 quit(const char *arg) {
1253         readin = running = False;
1254 }
1255
1256 void
1257 reapply(const char *arg) {
1258         static Bool zerotags[LENGTH(tags)] = { 0 };
1259         Client *c;
1260
1261         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1262                 memcpy(c->tags, zerotags, sizeof zerotags);
1263                 applyrules(c);
1264         }
1265         arrange();
1266 }
1267
1268 void
1269 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1270         View *v;
1271         XWindowChanges wc;
1272
1273         v = getview(c);
1274         if(sizehints) {
1275                 /* set minimum possible */
1276                 if (w < 1)
1277                         w = 1;
1278                 if (h < 1)
1279                         h = 1;
1280
1281                 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1282                 w -= c->basew;
1283                 h -= c->baseh;
1284
1285                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1286                 if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1287                         if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1288                                 w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1289                         else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1290                                 h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1291                 }
1292
1293                 /* adjust for increment value */
1294                 if(c->incw)
1295                         w -= w % c->incw;
1296                 if(c->inch)
1297                         h -= h % c->inch;
1298
1299                 /* restore base dimensions */
1300                 w += c->basew;
1301                 h += c->baseh;
1302
1303                 if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1304                         w = c->minw;
1305                 if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1306                         h = c->minh;
1307                 if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1308                         w = c->maxw;
1309                 if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1310                         h = c->maxh;
1311         }
1312         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1313                 return;
1314         if(x > v->x + v->w)
1315                 x = v->w - w - 2 * c->border;
1316         if(y > v->y + v->h)
1317                 y = v->h - h - 2 * c->border;
1318         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < v->x)
1319                 x = v->x;
1320         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < v->y)
1321                 y = v->y;
1322         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1323                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1324                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1325                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1326                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1327                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1328                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win,
1329                                 CWX|CWY|CWWidth|CWHeight|CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1330                 configure(c);
1331                 XSync(dpy, False);
1332         }
1333 }
1334
1335 void
1336 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1337         int ocx, ocy;
1338         int nw, nh;
1339         View *v;
1340         XEvent ev;
1341
1342         ocx = c->x;
1343         ocy = c->y;
1344         v = getview(c);
1345         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1346                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1347                 return;
1348         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1349         for(;;) {
1350                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK|ExposureMask|SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1351                 switch(ev.type) {
1352                 case ButtonRelease:
1353                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1354                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1355                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1356                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1357                         return;
1358                 case ConfigureRequest:
1359                 case Expose:
1360                 case MapRequest:
1361                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1362                         break;
1363                 case MotionNotify:
1364                         XSync(dpy, False);
1365                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1366                                 nw = 1;
1367                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1368                                 nh = 1;
1369                         if(!c->isfloating && (v->layout->arrange != floating) && (abs(nw - c->w) > SNAP || abs(nh - c->h) > SNAP))
1370                                 togglefloating(NULL);
1371                         if((v->layout->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
1372                                 resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1373                         break;
1374                 }
1375         }
1376 }
1377
1378 void
1379 restack(View *v) {
1380         Client *c;
1381         XEvent ev;
1382         XWindowChanges wc;
1383
1384         drawbar(v);
1385         if(!sel)
1386                 return;
1387         if(sel->isfloating || (v->layout->arrange == floating))
1388                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1389         if(v->layout->arrange != floating) {
1390                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1391                 wc.sibling = v->barwin;
1392                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1393                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1394                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1395                 }
1396                 for(c = nexttiled(clients, v); c; c = nexttiled(c->next, v)) {
1397                         if(c == sel)
1398                                 continue;
1399                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling|CWStackMode, &wc);
1400                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1401                 }
1402         }
1403         XSync(dpy, False);
1404         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1405 }
1406
1407 void
1408 run(void) {
1409         char *p;
1410         char buf[sizeof stext];
1411         fd_set rd;
1412         int r, xfd;
1413         unsigned int len, offset;
1414         XEvent ev;
1415
1416         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1417         XSync(dpy, False);
1418         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1419         readin = True;
1420         offset = 0;
1421         len = sizeof stext - 1;
1422         buf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1423         while(running) {
1424                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1425                 if(readin)
1426                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1427                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1428                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1429                         if(errno == EINTR)
1430                                 continue;
1431                         eprint("select failed\n");
1432                 }
1433                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1434                         switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, buf + offset, len - offset))) {
1435                         case -1:
1436                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1437                                 readin = False;
1438                                 break;
1439                         case 0:
1440                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1441                                 readin = False;
1442                                 break;
1443                         default:
1444                                 for(p = buf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1445                                         if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1446                                                 *p = '\0';
1447                                                 strncpy(stext, buf, len);
1448                                                 p += r - 1; /* p is buf + offset + r - 1 */
1449                                                 for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1450                                                 offset = r;
1451                                                 if(r)
1452                                                         memmove(buf, p - r + 1, r);
1453                                                 break;
1454                                         }
1455                                 break;
1456                         }
1457                         drawbar(selview);
1458                 }
1459                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1460                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1461                         if(handler[ev.type])
1462                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1463                 }
1464         }
1465 }
1466
1467 void
1468 scan(void) {
1469         unsigned int i, num;
1470         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1471         XWindowAttributes wa;
1472
1473         wins = NULL;
1474         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1475                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1476                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1477                                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1478                                 continue;
1479                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1480                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1481                 }
1482                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1483                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1484                                 continue;
1485                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1486                                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1487                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1488                 }
1489         }
1490         if(wins)
1491                 XFree(wins);
1492 }
1493
1494 void
1495 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1496         long data[] = {state, None};
1497
1498         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1499                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1500 }
1501
1502 void
1503 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1504         unsigned int i;
1505         View *v = selview;
1506
1507         if(!arg) {
1508                 v->layout++;
1509                 if(v->layout == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1510                         v->layout = &layouts[0];
1511         }
1512         else {
1513                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1514                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1515                                 break;
1516                 if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1517                         return;
1518                 v->layout = &layouts[i];
1519         }
1520         if(sel)
1521                 arrange();
1522         else
1523                 drawbar(v);
1524 }
1525
1526 void
1527 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1528         double delta;
1529
1530         View *v = selview;
1531
1532         if(!domwfact)
1533                 return;
1534         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1535         if(arg == NULL)
1536                 v->mwfact = MWFACT;
1537         else if(sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta) == 1) {
1538                 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1539                         v->mwfact += delta;
1540                 else
1541                         v->mwfact = delta;
1542                 if(v->mwfact < 0.1)
1543                         v->mwfact = 0.1;
1544                 else if(v->mwfact > 0.9)
1545                         v->mwfact = 0.9;
1546         }
1547         arrange();
1548 }
1549
1550 void
1551 setup(void) {
1552         unsigned int i;
1553         View *v;
1554         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1555         XineramaScreenInfo *info = NULL;
1556
1557         /* init atoms */
1558         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1559         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1560         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1561         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1562         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1563         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1564
1565         /* init cursors */
1566         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1567         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1568         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1569
1570         if((isxinerama = XineramaIsActive(dpy)))
1571                 info = XineramaQueryScreens(dpy, &nviews);
1572 #if defined(AIM_XINERAMA)
1573 isxinerama = True;
1574 nviews = 2; /* aim Xinerama */
1575 #endif
1576         selview = views = emallocz(nviews * sizeof(View));
1577
1578         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1579         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1580
1581         /* init appearance */
1582         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1583         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1584         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1585         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1586         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1587         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1588         initfont(FONT);
1589         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1590         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, DisplayWidth(dpy, screen), bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1591         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1592         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1593         if(!dc.font.set)
1594                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1595
1596         for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1597                 i = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1598                 if(i > blw)
1599                         blw = i;
1600         }
1601
1602         seltags = emallocz(sizeof initags);
1603         prevtags = emallocz(sizeof initags);
1604         memcpy(seltags, initags, sizeof initags);
1605         memcpy(prevtags, initags, sizeof initags);
1606
1607         for(i = 0; i < nviews; i++) {
1608                 /* init geometry */
1609                 v = &views[i];
1610                 v->id = i + 1;
1611
1612                 if(nviews != 1 && isxinerama) {
1613
1614 #if defined(AIM_XINERAMA)
1615 v->w = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen) / 2;
1616 v->x = (i == 0) ? 0 : v->w;
1617 v->y = 0;
1618 v->h = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1619 #else
1620                         v->x = info[i].x_org;
1621                         v->y = info[i].y_org;
1622                         v->w = info[i].width;
1623                         v->h = info[i].height;
1624 #endif
1625                 }
1626                 else {
1627                         v->x = 0;
1628                         v->y = 0;
1629                         v->w = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1630                         v->h = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1631                 }
1632
1633                 /* init layouts */
1634                 v->mwfact = MWFACT;
1635                 v->layout = &layouts[0];
1636
1637                 // TODO: bpos per screen?
1638                 bpos = BARPOS;
1639                 wa.override_redirect = 1;
1640                 wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1641                 wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask|ExposureMask;
1642
1643                 /* init bars */
1644                 v->barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, v->x, v->y, v->w, bh, 0,
1645                                 DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1646                                 CWOverrideRedirect|CWBackPixmap|CWEventMask, &wa);
1647                 XDefineCursor(dpy, v->barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1648                 updatebarpos(v);
1649                 XMapRaised(dpy, v->barwin);
1650                 strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1651
1652                 /* EWMH support per view */
1653                 XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1654                                 PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1655
1656                 /* select for events */
1657                 wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask|SubstructureNotifyMask
1658                                 |EnterWindowMask|LeaveWindowMask|StructureNotifyMask;
1659                 XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask|CWCursor, &wa);
1660                 XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1661
1662                 drawbar(v);
1663         }
1664         if(info)
1665                 XFree(info);
1666
1667         /* grab keys */
1668         grabkeys();
1669
1670         /* init tags */
1671         compileregs();
1672
1673         selview = &views[0];
1674 }
1675
1676 void
1677 spawn(const char *arg) {
1678         static char *shell = NULL;
1679
1680         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1681                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1682         if(!arg)
1683                 return;
1684         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1685          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1686         if(fork() == 0) {
1687                 if(fork() == 0) {
1688                         if(dpy)
1689                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1690                         setsid();
1691                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1692                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1693                         perror(" failed");
1694                 }
1695                 exit(0);
1696         }
1697         wait(0);
1698 }
1699
1700 void
1701 tag(const char *arg) {
1702         unsigned int i;
1703
1704         if(!sel)
1705                 return;
1706         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1707                 sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg) ? selview->id : 0;
1708         sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = selview->id;
1709         arrange();
1710 }
1711
1712 unsigned int
1713 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1714         XRectangle r;
1715
1716         if(dc.font.set) {
1717                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1718                 return r.width;
1719         }
1720         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1721 }
1722
1723 unsigned int
1724 textw(const char *text) {
1725         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1726 }
1727
1728 void
1729 tile(View *v) {
1730         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1731         Client *c, *mc;
1732
1733         domwfact = dozoom = True;
1734         nx = v->wax;
1735         ny = v->way;
1736         nw = 0;
1737         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients, v); c; c = nexttiled(c->next, v))
1738                 n++;
1739
1740         /* window geoms */
1741         mw = (n == 1) ? v->waw : v->mwfact * v->waw;
1742         th = (n > 1) ? v->wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1743         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1744                 th = v->wah;
1745
1746         for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients, v); c; c = nexttiled(c->next, v)) {
1747                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1748                         nx = v->wax;
1749                         ny = v->way;
1750                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1751                         nh = v->wah - 2 * c->border;
1752                 }
1753                 else {  /* tile window */
1754                         if(i == 1) {
1755                                 ny = v->way;
1756                                 nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1757                                 nw = v->waw - mw - 2 * c->border;
1758                         }
1759                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1760                                 nh = (v->way + v->wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1761                         else
1762                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1763                 }
1764                 fprintf(stderr, "tile %d %d %d %d\n", nx, ny, nw, nh);
1765                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1766                 if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1767                         /* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1768                         resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1769                 if(n > 1 && th != v->wah)
1770                         ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1771                 i++;
1772         }
1773 }
1774
1775 void
1776 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1777         if(bpos == BarOff)
1778                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1779         else
1780                 bpos = BarOff;
1781         updatebarpos(selview);
1782         arrange();
1783 }
1784
1785 void
1786 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1787         if(!sel)
1788                 return;
1789         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1790         if(sel->isfloating)
1791                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1792         arrange();
1793 }
1794
1795 void
1796 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1797         unsigned int i, j;
1798
1799         if(!sel)
1800                 return;
1801         i = idxoftag(arg);
1802         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1803         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1804         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1805                 sel->tags[i] = selview->id; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1806         arrange();
1807 }
1808
1809 void
1810 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1811         unsigned int i, j;
1812
1813         i = idxoftag(arg);
1814         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1815         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1816         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1817                 seltags[i] = selview->id; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1818         arrange();
1819 }
1820
1821 void
1822 unban(Client *c) {
1823         if(!c->isbanned)
1824                 return;
1825         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1826         c->isbanned = False;
1827 }
1828
1829 void
1830 unmanage(Client *c) {
1831         XWindowChanges wc;
1832
1833         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1834         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1835         XGrabServer(dpy);
1836         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1837         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1838         detach(c);
1839         detachstack(c);
1840         if(sel == c)
1841                 focus(NULL);
1842         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1843         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1844         free(c->tags);
1845         free(c);
1846         XSync(dpy, False);
1847         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1848         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1849         arrange();
1850 }
1851
1852 void
1853 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1854         Client *c;
1855         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1856
1857         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1858                 unmanage(c);
1859 }
1860
1861 void
1862 updatebarpos(View *v) {
1863         XEvent ev;
1864
1865         v->wax = v->x;
1866         v->way = v->y;
1867         v->wah = v->h;
1868         v->waw = v->w;
1869         switch(bpos) {
1870         default:
1871                 v->wah -= bh;
1872                 v->way += bh;
1873                 XMoveWindow(dpy, v->barwin, v->x, v->y);
1874                 break;
1875         case BarBot:
1876                 v->wah -= bh;
1877                 XMoveWindow(dpy, v->barwin, v->x, v->y + v->wah);
1878                 break;
1879         case BarOff:
1880                 XMoveWindow(dpy, v->barwin, v->x, v->y - bh);
1881                 break;
1882         }
1883         XSync(dpy, False);
1884         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1885 }
1886
1887 void
1888 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1889         long msize;
1890         XSizeHints size;
1891
1892         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1893                 size.flags = PSize;
1894         c->flags = size.flags;
1895         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1896                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1897                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1898         }
1899         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1900                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1901                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1902         }
1903         else
1904                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1905         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1906                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1907                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1908         }
1909         else
1910                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1911         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1912                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1913                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1914         }
1915         else
1916                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1917         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1918                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1919                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1920         }
1921         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1922                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1923                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1924         }
1925         else
1926                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1927         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1928                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1929                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1930                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1931                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1932         }
1933         else
1934                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1935         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1936                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1937 }
1938
1939 void
1940 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1941         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1942                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1943 }
1944
1945 void
1946 updatewmhints(Client *c) {
1947         XWMHints *wmh;
1948
1949         if((wmh = XGetWMHints(dpy, c->win))) {
1950                 c->isurgent = (wmh->flags & XUrgencyHint) ? True : False;
1951                 XFree(wmh);
1952         }
1953 }
1954
1955 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1956  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1957  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1958 int
1959 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1960         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1961         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1962         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1963         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1964         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1965         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1966         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1967         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1968                 return 0;
1969         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1970                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1971         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1972 }
1973
1974 int
1975 xerrordummy(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1976         return 0;
1977 }
1978
1979 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1980  * is already running. */
1981 int
1982 xerrorstart(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1983         otherwm = True;
1984         return -1;
1985 }
1986
1987 void
1988 view(const char *arg) {
1989         unsigned int i;
1990         int tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
1991
1992         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1993                 tmp[i] = (NULL == arg) ? selview->id : 0;
1994         tmp[idxoftag(arg)] = selview->id;
1995         if(memcmp(seltags, tmp, sizeof initags) != 0) {
1996                 memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof initags);
1997                 memcpy(seltags, tmp, sizeof initags);
1998                 arrange();
1999         }
2000 }
2001
2002 void
2003 viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
2004         static Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
2005
2006         memcpy(tmp, seltags, sizeof initags);
2007         memcpy(seltags, prevtags, sizeof initags);
2008         memcpy(prevtags, tmp, sizeof initags);
2009         arrange();
2010 }
2011
2012 void
2013 zoom(const char *arg) {
2014         Client *c = sel;
2015
2016         if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
2017                 return;
2018         if(c == nexttiled(clients, getview(c)))
2019                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next, getview(c))))
2020                         return;
2021         detach(c);
2022         attach(c);
2023         focus(c);
2024         arrange();
2025 }
2026
2027 void
2028 selectview(const char *arg) {
2029         int i;
2030         View *v;
2031
2032         if(!arg)
2033                 return;
2034         if(arg)
2035                 i = atoi(arg);
2036         v = &views[i % nviews];
2037         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, root, 0, 0, 0, 0, v->wax+v->waw/2, v->way+v->wah/2);
2038         focus(NULL);
2039 }
2040
2041
2042 int
2043 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
2044         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
2045                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2008 dwm engineers, see LICENSE for details\n");
2046         else if(argc != 1)
2047                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
2048
2049         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
2050         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
2051                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
2052
2053         checkotherwm();
2054         setup();
2055         scan();
2056         run();
2057         cleanup();
2058
2059         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
2060         return 0;
2061 }