dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21  * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22  * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23  *
  24  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in the config.h
  25  * file. These arrays are kept static in event.o and tag.o respectively,
  26  * because no other part of dwm needs access to them.  The current layout is
  27  * represented by the lt pointer.
  28  *
  29  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  30  */
  31 #include <errno.h>
  32 #include <locale.h>
  33 #include <regex.h>
  34 #include <stdarg.h>
  35 #include <stdio.h>
  36 #include <stdlib.h>
  37 #include <string.h>
  38 #include <unistd.h>
  39 #include <sys/select.h>
  40 #include <sys/wait.h>
  41 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  42 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  43 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  44 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  45 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  46
  47 /* macros */
  48 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  49 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  50 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  51
  52 /* enums */
  53 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  54 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  55 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  56 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  57 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  58
  59 /* typedefs */
  60 typedef struct Client Client;
  61 struct Client {
  62         char name[256];
  63         int x, y, w, h;
  64         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  65         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  66         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  67         long flags;
  68         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  69         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating;
  70         Bool *tags;
  71         Client *next;
  72         Client *prev;
  73         Client *snext;
  74         Window win;
  75 };
  76
  77 typedef struct {
  78         int x, y, w, h;
  79         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  80         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  81         Drawable drawable;
  82         GC gc;
  83         struct {
  84                 int ascent;
  85                 int descent;
  86                 int height;
  87                 XFontSet set;
  88                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  89         } font;
  90 } DC; /* draw context */
  91
  92 typedef struct {
  93         unsigned long mod;
  94         KeySym keysym;
  95         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  96         const char *arg;
  97 } Key;
  98
  99 typedef struct {
 100         const char *symbol;
 101         void (*arrange)(void);
 102 } Layout;
 103
 104 typedef struct {
 105         const char *prop;
 106         const char *tags;
 107         Bool isfloating;
 108 } Rule;
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         regex_t *propregex;
 112         regex_t *tagregex;
 113 } Regs;
 114
 115 /* functions */
 116
 117 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 118 static void arrange(void);
 119 static void attach(Client *c);
 120 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 121 static void ban(Client *c);
 122 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 123 static void cleanup(void);
 124 static void compileregs(void);
 125 static void configure(Client *c);
 126 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 127 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 128 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 129 static void detach(Client *c);
 130 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 131 static void drawbar(void);
 132 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 134 static void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 135 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 136 static void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 137 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 138 static void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 139 static void focus(Client *c);
 140 static void focusnext(const char *arg);
 141 static void focusprev(const char *arg);
 142 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 143 static long getstate(Window w);
 144 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 145 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 146 static unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 147 static void initbar(void);
 148 static unsigned long initcolor(const char *colstr);
 149 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 150 static void initlayouts(void);
 151 static void initstyle(void);
 152 static Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
 153 static Bool isfloating(void);
 154 static Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 155 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 156 static Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 157 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 158 static void killclient(const char *arg);
 159 static void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 160 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 161 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 162 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 163 static void movemouse(Client *c);
 164 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 165 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 166 static void quit(const char *arg);
 167 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 168 static void resizemouse(Client *c);
 169 static void restack(void);
 170 static void scan(void);
 171 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 172 static void setlayout(const char *arg);
 173 static void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 174 static void setup(void);
 175 static void spawn(const char *arg);
 176 static void tag(const char *arg);
 177 static unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 178 static unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 179 static void tile(void);
 180 static void togglebar(const char *arg);
 181 static void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 182 static void togglemax(const char *arg);
 183 static void toggletag(const char *arg);
 184 static void toggleview(const char *arg);
 185 static void unban(Client *c);
 186 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 187 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 188 static void updatebarpos(void);
 189 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 190 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 191 static void view(const char *arg);
 192 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 193 static int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 194 static int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 195 static void zoom(const char *arg);
 196
 197 #include "config.h"
 198
 199 /* variables */
 200 static char stext[256];
 201 static double mwfact = MWFACT;
 202 static int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 203 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 204 static unsigned int bh;
 205 static unsigned int blw = 0;
 206 static unsigned int bpos = BARPOS;
 207 static unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
 208 static unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
 209 static unsigned int nrules = 0;
 210 static unsigned int ntags;
 211 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 212 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 213         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 214         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 215         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 216         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 217         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 218         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 219         [Expose] = expose,
 220         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 221         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 222         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 223         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 224         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 225 };
 226 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 227 static Bool otherwm, readin;
 228 static Bool running = True;
 229 static Bool *seltags;
 230 static Bool selscreen = True;
 231 static Client *clients = NULL;
 232 static Client *sel = NULL;
 233 static Client *stack = NULL;
 234 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 235 static Display *dpy;
 236 static DC dc = {0};
 237 static Window barwin, root;
 238 static Regs *regs = NULL;
 239
 240 static void
 241 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 242         va_list ap;
 243
 244         va_start(ap, errstr);
 245         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 246         va_end(ap);
 247         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 248 }
 249
 250 static void *
 251 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 252         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 253
 254         if(!res)
 255                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 256         return res;
 257 }
 258
 259 static void
 260 spawn(const char *arg) {
 261         static char *shell = NULL;
 262
 263         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
 264                 shell = "/bin/sh";
 265         if(!arg)
 266                 return;
 267         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
 268          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
 269         if(fork() == 0) {
 270                 if(fork() == 0) {
 271                         if(dpy)
 272                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
 273                         setsid();
 274                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
 275                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
 276                         perror(" failed");
 277                 }
 278                 exit(0);
 279         }
 280         wait(0);
 281 }
 282
 283 static void
 284 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 285         int x;
 286         XGCValues gcv;
 287         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 288
 289         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 290         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 291         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 292         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 293         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 294         if(filled) {
 295                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 296                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 297         }
 298         else if(empty) {
 299                 r.width = r.height = x;
 300                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 301         }
 302 }
 303
 304 static unsigned long
 305 initcolor(const char *colstr) {
 306         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 307         XColor color;
 308
 309         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 310                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 311         return color.pixel;
 312 }
 313
 314 static void
 315 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 316         char *def, **missing;
 317         int i, n;
 318
 319         missing = NULL;
 320         if(dc.font.set)
 321                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 322         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 323         if(missing) {
 324                 while(n--)
 325                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 326                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 327         }
 328         if(dc.font.set) {
 329                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 330                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 331                 char **font_names;
 332                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 333                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 334                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 335                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 336                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 337                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 338                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 339                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 340                         xfonts++;
 341                 }
 342         }
 343         else {
 344                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 345                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 346                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 347                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 348                 || !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 349                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 350                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 351                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 352         }
 353         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 354 }
 355
 356 static Bool
 357 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 358         Client *c;
 359
 360         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 361                 if(c->tags[t])
 362                         return True;
 363         return False;
 364 }
 365
 366 static unsigned int
 367 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
 368         XRectangle r;
 369
 370         if(dc.font.set) {
 371                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
 372                 return r.width;
 373         }
 374         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
 375 }
 376
 377 static void
 378 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 379         int x, y, w, h;
 380         static char buf[256];
 381         unsigned int len, olen;
 382         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 383
 384         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 385         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 386         if(!text)
 387                 return;
 388         w = 0;
 389         olen = len = strlen(text);
 390         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 391                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 392         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 393         buf[len] = 0;
 394         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 395         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 396         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 397         /* shorten text if necessary */
 398         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 399                 buf[--len] = 0;
 400         if(len < olen) {
 401                 if(len > 1)
 402                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 403                 if(len > 2)
 404                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 405                 if(len > 3)
 406                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 407         }
 408         if(w > dc.w)
 409                 return; /* too long */
 410         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 411         if(dc.font.set)
 412                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 413         else
 414                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 415 }
 416
 417 static void
 418 drawbar(void) {
 419         int i, x;
 420
 421         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 422         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 423                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 424                 if(seltags[i]) {
 425                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 426                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 427                 }
 428                 else {
 429                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 430                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 431                 }
 432                 dc.x += dc.w;
 433         }
 434         dc.w = blw;
 435         drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
 436         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 437         dc.w = textw(stext);
 438         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 439         if(dc.x < x) {
 440                 dc.x = x;
 441                 dc.w = sw - x;
 442         }
 443         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 444         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 445                 dc.x = x;
 446                 if(sel) {
 447                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 448                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 449                 }
 450                 else
 451                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 452         }
 453         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 454         XSync(dpy, False);
 455 }
 456
 457 static void
 458 initstyle(void) {
 459         dc.norm[ColBorder] = initcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
 460         dc.norm[ColBG] = initcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
 461         dc.norm[ColFG] = initcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
 462         dc.sel[ColBorder] = initcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
 463         dc.sel[ColBG] = initcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
 464         dc.sel[ColFG] = initcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
 465         initfont(FONT);
 466         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
 467 }
 468
 469 static void
 470 initbar(void) {
 471         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
 472
 473         wa.override_redirect = 1;
 474         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
 475         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
 476         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
 477                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
 478                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
 479         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
 480         updatebarpos();
 481         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
 482         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
 483         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 484         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
 485         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
 486         if(!dc.font.set)
 487                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
 488 }
 489
 490 static unsigned int
 491 textw(const char *text) {
 492         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
 493 }
 494
 495 static void
 496 togglebar(const char *arg) {
 497         if(bpos == BarOff)
 498                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
 499         else
 500                 bpos = BarOff;
 501         updatebarpos();
 502         arrange();
 503 }
 504
 505 static void
 506 updatebarpos(void) {
 507         XEvent ev;
 508
 509         wax = sx;
 510         way = sy;
 511         wah = sh;
 512         waw = sw;
 513         switch(bpos) {
 514         default:
 515                 wah -= bh;
 516                 way += bh;
 517                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
 518                 break;
 519         case BarBot:
 520                 wah -= bh;
 521                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
 522                 break;
 523         case BarOff:
 524                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
 525                 break;
 526         }
 527         XSync(dpy, False);
 528         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
 529 }
 530
 531 static void
 532 attachstack(Client *c) {
 533         c->snext = stack;
 534         stack = c;
 535 }
 536
 537 static void
 538 detachstack(Client *c) {
 539         Client **tc;
 540
 541         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 542         *tc = c->snext;
 543 }
 544
 545 static void
 546 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 547         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 548
 549         if(focused) {
 550                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 551                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 552                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 553                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 554                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 555                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 556                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 557                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 558
 559                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 560                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 561                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 562                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 563                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 564                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 565                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 566                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 567
 568                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 569                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 570                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 571                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 572                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 573                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 574                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 575                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 576         }
 577         else
 578                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 579                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 580 }
 581
 582 static Bool
 583 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 584         int i, n;
 585         Atom *protocols;
 586         Bool ret = False;
 587
 588         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 589                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 590                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 591                                 ret = True;
 592                 XFree(protocols);
 593         }
 594         return ret;
 595 }
 596
 597 static void
 598 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
 599         long data[] = {state, None};
 600
 601         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
 602                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
 603 }
 604
 605 static int
 606 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
 607         return 0;
 608 }
 609
 610 static void
 611 ban(Client *c) {
 612         if(c->isbanned)
 613                 return;
 614         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 615         c->isbanned = True;
 616 }
 617
 618 static void
 619 configure(Client *c) {
 620         XConfigureEvent ce;
 621
 622         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 623         ce.display = dpy;
 624         ce.event = c->win;
 625         ce.window = c->win;
 626         ce.x = c->x;
 627         ce.y = c->y;
 628         ce.width = c->w;
 629         ce.height = c->h;
 630         ce.border_width = c->border;
 631         ce.above = None;
 632         ce.override_redirect = False;
 633         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 634 }
 635
 636 static void
 637 killclient(const char *arg) {
 638         XEvent ev;
 639
 640         if(!sel)
 641                 return;
 642         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 643                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 644                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 645                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 646                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 647                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 648                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 649                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 650         }
 651         else
 652                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 653 }
 654
 655 static void
 656 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 657         unsigned int i;
 658         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 659         Window trans;
 660         Status rettrans;
 661         XWindowChanges wc;
 662
 663         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
 664         c->tags = emallocz(ntags * sizeof(Bool));
 665         c->win = w;
 666         c->x = wa->x;
 667         c->y = wa->y;
 668         c->w = wa->width;
 669         c->h = wa->height;
 670         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
 671         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
 672                 c->x = sx;
 673                 c->y = sy;
 674                 c->border = wa->border_width;
 675         }
 676         else {
 677                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
 678                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
 679                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
 680                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
 681                 if(c->x < wax)
 682                         c->x = wax;
 683                 if(c->y < way)
 684                         c->y = way;
 685                 c->border = BORDERPX;
 686         }
 687         wc.border_width = c->border;
 688         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 689         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 690         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
 691         updatesizehints(c);
 692         XSelectInput(dpy, w,
 693                 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
 694         grabbuttons(c, False);
 695         updatetitle(c);
 696         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
 697                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
 698         if(t)
 699                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 700                         c->tags[i] = t->tags[i];
 701         applyrules(c);
 702         if(!c->isfloating)
 703                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
 704         attach(c);
 705         attachstack(c);
 706         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
 707         ban(c);
 708         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
 709         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
 710         arrange();
 711 }
 712
 713 static void
 714 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
 715         double dx, dy, max, min, ratio;
 716         XWindowChanges wc;
 717
 718         if(sizehints) {
 719                 if(c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && (h - c->baseh) > 0 && (w - c->basew) > 0) {
 720                         dx = (double)(w - c->basew);
 721                         dy = (double)(h - c->baseh);
 722                         min = (double)(c->minax) / (double)(c->minay);
 723                         max = (double)(c->maxax) / (double)(c->maxay);
 724                         ratio = dx / dy;
 725                         if(max > 0 && min > 0 && ratio > 0) {
 726                                 if(ratio < min) {
 727                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (min * min + 1);
 728                                         dx = dy * min;
 729                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
 730                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
 731                                 }
 732                                 else if(ratio > max) {
 733                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (max * max + 1);
 734                                         dx = dy * min;
 735                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
 736                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
 737                                 }
 738                         }
 739                 }
 740                 if(c->minw && w < c->minw)
 741                         w = c->minw;
 742                 if(c->minh && h < c->minh)
 743                         h = c->minh;
 744                 if(c->maxw && w > c->maxw)
 745                         w = c->maxw;
 746                 if(c->maxh && h > c->maxh)
 747                         h = c->maxh;
 748                 if(c->incw)
 749                         w -= (w - c->basew) % c->incw;
 750                 if(c->inch)
 751                         h -= (h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
 752         }
 753         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
 754                 return;
 755         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
 756         if(x > sw)
 757                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
 758         if(y > sh)
 759                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
 760         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
 761                 x = sx;
 762         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
 763                 y = sy;
 764         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
 765                 c->x = wc.x = x;
 766                 c->y = wc.y = y;
 767                 c->w = wc.width = w;
 768                 c->h = wc.height = h;
 769                 wc.border_width = c->border;
 770                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
 771                 configure(c);
 772                 XSync(dpy, False);
 773         }
 774 }
 775
 776 static void
 777 unban(Client *c) {
 778         if(!c->isbanned)
 779                 return;
 780         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
 781         c->isbanned = False;
 782 }
 783
 784 static void
 785 unmanage(Client *c) {
 786         XWindowChanges wc;
 787
 788         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
 789         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
 790         XGrabServer(dpy);
 791         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
 792         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
 793         detach(c);
 794         detachstack(c);
 795         if(sel == c)
 796                 focus(NULL);
 797         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 798         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
 799         free(c->tags);
 800         free(c);
 801         XSync(dpy, False);
 802         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 803         XUngrabServer(dpy);
 804         arrange();
 805 }
 806
 807 static void
 808 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
 809         long msize;
 810         XSizeHints size;
 811
 812         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
 813                 size.flags = PSize;
 814         c->flags = size.flags;
 815         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
 816                 c->basew = size.base_width;
 817                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
 818         }
 819         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
 820                 c->basew = size.min_width;
 821                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
 822         }
 823         else
 824                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
 825         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
 826                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
 827                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
 828         }
 829         else
 830                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
 831         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
 832                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
 833                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
 834         }
 835         else
 836                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
 837         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
 838                 c->minw = size.min_width;
 839                 c->minh = size.min_height;
 840         }
 841         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
 842                 c->minw = size.base_width;
 843                 c->minh = size.base_height;
 844         }
 845         else
 846                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
 847         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
 848                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
 849                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
 850                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
 851                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
 852         }
 853         else
 854                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
 855         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
 856                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
 857 }
 858
 859 static void
 860 updatetitle(Client *c) {
 861         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
 862                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
 863 }
 864
 865 static Client *
 866 getclient(Window w) {
 867         Client *c;
 868
 869         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 870         return c;
 871 }
 872
 873 static void
 874 movemouse(Client *c) {
 875         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
 876         unsigned int dui;
 877         Window dummy;
 878         XEvent ev;
 879
 880         ocx = nx = c->x;
 881         ocy = ny = c->y;
 882         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 883                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 884                 return;
 885         c->ismax = False;
 886         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
 887         for(;;) {
 888                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
 889                 switch (ev.type) {
 890                 case ButtonRelease:
 891                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 892                         return;
 893                 case ConfigureRequest:
 894                 case Expose:
 895                 case MapRequest:
 896                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
 897                         break;
 898                 case MotionNotify:
 899                         XSync(dpy, False);
 900                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
 901                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
 902                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
 903                                 nx = wax;
 904                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
 905                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
 906                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
 907                                 ny = way;
 908                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
 909                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
 910                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
 911                         break;
 912                 }
 913         }
 914 }
 915
 916 static void
 917 resizemouse(Client *c) {
 918         int ocx, ocy;
 919         int nw, nh;
 920         XEvent ev;
 921
 922         ocx = c->x;
 923         ocy = c->y;
 924         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
 925                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
 926                 return;
 927         c->ismax = False;
 928         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
 929         for(;;) {
 930                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
 931                 switch(ev.type) {
 932                 case ButtonRelease:
 933                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
 934                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
 935                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
 936                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
 937                         return;
 938                 case ConfigureRequest:
 939                 case Expose:
 940                 case MapRequest:
 941                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
 942                         break;
 943                 case MotionNotify:
 944                         XSync(dpy, False);
 945                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
 946                                 nw = 1;
 947                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
 948                                 nh = 1;
 949                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
 950                         break;
 951                 }
 952         }
 953 }
 954
 955 static void
 956 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 957         unsigned int i, x;
 958         Client *c;
 959         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 960
 961         if(barwin == ev->window) {
 962                 x = 0;
 963                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 964                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 965                         if(ev->x < x) {
 966                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 967                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 968                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 969                                         else
 970                                                 view(tags[i]);
 971                                 }
 972                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 973                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 974                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 975                                         else
 976                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 977                                 }
 978                                 return;
 979                         }
 980                 }
 981                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 982                         setlayout(NULL);
 983         }
 984         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 985                 focus(c);
 986                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 987                         return;
 988                 if(ev->button == Button1 && (isfloating() || c->isfloating)) {
 989                         restack();
 990                         movemouse(c);
 991                 }
 992                 else if(ev->button == Button2)
 993                         zoom(NULL);
 994                 else if(ev->button == Button3
 995                 && (isfloating() || c->isfloating) && !c->isfixed)
 996                 {
 997                         restack();
 998                         resizemouse(c);
 999                 }
1000         }
1001 }
1002
1003 static void
1004 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
1005         Client *c;
1006         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
1007         XWindowChanges wc;
1008
1009         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1010                 c->ismax = False;
1011                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
1012                         c->border = ev->border_width;
1013                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isfloating()) {
1014                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
1015                                 c->x = ev->x;
1016                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
1017                                 c->y = ev->y;
1018                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
1019                                 c->w = ev->width;
1020                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
1021                                 c->h = ev->height;
1022                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
1023                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
1024                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
1025                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
1026                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
1027                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
1028                                 configure(c);
1029                         if(isvisible(c))
1030                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
1031                 }
1032                 else
1033                         configure(c);
1034         }
1035         else {
1036                 wc.x = ev->x;
1037                 wc.y = ev->y;
1038                 wc.width = ev->width;
1039                 wc.height = ev->height;
1040                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
1041                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
1042                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
1043                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
1044         }
1045         XSync(dpy, False);
1046 }
1047
1048 static void
1049 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
1050         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
1051
1052         if (ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
1053                 sw = ev->width;
1054                 sh = ev->height;
1055                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1056                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1057                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
1058                 updatebarpos();
1059                 arrange();
1060         }
1061 }
1062
1063 static void
1064 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
1065         Client *c;
1066         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
1067
1068         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1069                 unmanage(c);
1070 }
1071
1072 static void
1073 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
1074         Client *c;
1075         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
1076
1077         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
1078                 return;
1079         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1080                 focus(c);
1081         else if(ev->window == root) {
1082                 selscreen = True;
1083                 focus(NULL);
1084         }
1085 }
1086
1087 static void
1088 expose(XEvent *e) {
1089         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
1090
1091         if(ev->count == 0) {
1092                 if(barwin == ev->window)
1093                         drawbar();
1094         }
1095 }
1096
1097 static void
1098 keypress(XEvent *e) {
1099         KEYS
1100         unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
1101         unsigned int i;
1102         KeyCode code;
1103         KeySym keysym;
1104         XKeyEvent *ev;
1105
1106         if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
1107                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
1108                 for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1109                         code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
1110                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
1111                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1112                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
1113                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1114                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
1115                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1116                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
1117                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
1118                 }
1119                 return;
1120         }
1121         ev = &e->xkey;
1122         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
1123         for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
1124                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
1125                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
1126                 {
1127                         if(keys[i].func)
1128                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
1129                 }
1130 }
1131
1132 static void
1133 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
1134         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
1135
1136         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
1137                 selscreen = False;
1138                 focus(NULL);
1139         }
1140 }
1141
1142 static void
1143 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1144         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1145
1146         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1147         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1148                 keypress(NULL);
1149 }
1150
1151 static void
1152 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1153         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1154         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1155
1156         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1157                 return;
1158         if(wa.override_redirect)
1159                 return;
1160         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1161                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1162 }
1163
1164 static void
1165 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1166         Client *c;
1167         Window trans;
1168         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1169
1170         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1171                 return; /* ignore */
1172         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1173                 switch (ev->atom) {
1174                         default: break;
1175                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1176                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1177                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1178                                         arrange();
1179                                 break;
1180                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1181                                 updatesizehints(c);
1182                                 break;
1183                 }
1184                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1185                         updatetitle(c);
1186                         if(c == sel)
1187                                 drawbar();
1188                 }
1189         }
1190 }
1191
1192 static void
1193 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1194         Client *c;
1195         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1196
1197         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1198                 unmanage(c);
1199 }
1200
1201 static unsigned int
1202 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
1203         unsigned int i;
1204
1205         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1206                 if(tags[i] == tag)
1207                         return i;
1208         return 0;
1209 }
1210
1211 static void
1212 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
1213         Client *c;
1214
1215         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1216                 if(isvisible(c))
1217                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
1218 }
1219
1220 static void
1221 applyrules(Client *c) {
1222         static char buf[512];
1223         unsigned int i, j;
1224         regmatch_t tmp;
1225         Bool matched = False;
1226         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
1227
1228         /* rule matching */
1229         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
1230         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
1231                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
1232                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
1233         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
1234                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
1235                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
1236                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < ntags; j++) {
1237                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
1238                                         matched = True;
1239                                         c->tags[j] = True;
1240                                 }
1241                         }
1242                 }
1243         if(ch.res_class)
1244                 XFree(ch.res_class);
1245         if(ch.res_name)
1246                 XFree(ch.res_name);
1247         if(!matched)
1248                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1249                         c->tags[i] = seltags[i];
1250 }
1251
1252 static void
1253 compileregs(void) {
1254         unsigned int i;
1255         regex_t *reg;
1256
1257         if(regs)
1258                 return;
1259         nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
1260         regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
1261         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
1262                 if(rules[i].prop) {
1263                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
1264                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
1265                                 free(reg);
1266                         else
1267                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
1268                 }
1269                 if(rules[i].tags) {
1270                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
1271                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
1272                                 free(reg);
1273                         else
1274                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
1275                 }
1276         }
1277 }
1278
1279 static void
1280 focusnext(const char *arg) {
1281         Client *c;
1282
1283         if(!sel)
1284                 return;
1285         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
1286         if(!c)
1287                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
1288         if(c) {
1289                 focus(c);
1290                 restack();
1291         }
1292 }
1293
1294 static void
1295 focusprev(const char *arg) {
1296         Client *c;
1297
1298         if(!sel)
1299                 return;
1300         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
1301         if(!c) {
1302                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
1303                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
1304         }
1305         if(c) {
1306                 focus(c);
1307                 restack();
1308         }
1309 }
1310
1311 static void
1312 initlayouts(void) {
1313         unsigned int i, w;
1314
1315         nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
1316         for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
1317                 w = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1318                 if(w > blw)
1319                         blw = w;
1320         }
1321 }
1322
1323 static Bool
1324 isfloating(void) {
1325         return layouts[ltidx].arrange == floating;
1326 }
1327
1328 static Bool
1329 isvisible(Client *c) {
1330         unsigned int i;
1331
1332         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1333                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
1334                         return True;
1335         return False;
1336 }
1337
1338 static void
1339 restack(void) {
1340         Client *c;
1341         XEvent ev;
1342         XWindowChanges wc;
1343
1344         drawbar();
1345         if(!sel)
1346                 return;
1347         if(sel->isfloating || isfloating())
1348                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1349         if(!isfloating()) {
1350                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1351                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1352                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1353                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1354                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1355                 }
1356                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1357                         if(c == sel)
1358                                 continue;
1359                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1360                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1361                 }
1362         }
1363         XSync(dpy, False);
1364         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1365 }
1366
1367 static void
1368 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1369         unsigned int i;
1370
1371         if(!arg) {
1372                 if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1373                         ltidx = 0;;
1374         }
1375         else {
1376                 for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1377                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1378                                 break;
1379                 if(i == nlayouts)
1380                         return;
1381                 ltidx = i;
1382         }
1383         if(sel)
1384                 arrange();
1385         else
1386                 drawbar();
1387 }
1388
1389 static void
1390 tag(const char *arg) {
1391         unsigned int i;
1392
1393         if(!sel)
1394                 return;
1395         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1396                 sel->tags[i] = arg == NULL;
1397         i = idxoftag(arg);
1398         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1399                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1400         arrange();
1401 }
1402
1403 static void
1404 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1405         if(!sel)
1406                 return;
1407         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1408         if(sel->isfloating)
1409                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1410         arrange();
1411 }
1412
1413 static void
1414 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1415         XEvent ev;
1416
1417         if(!sel || (!isfloating() && !sel->isfloating) || sel->isfixed)
1418                 return;
1419         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1420                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1421                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1422                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1423                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1424                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1425         }
1426         else
1427                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1428         drawbar();
1429         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1430 }
1431
1432 static void
1433 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1434         unsigned int i, j;
1435
1436         if(!sel)
1437                 return;
1438         i = idxoftag(arg);
1439         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1440         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1441         if(j == ntags)
1442                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1443         arrange();
1444 }
1445
1446 static void
1447 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1448         unsigned int i, j;
1449
1450         i = idxoftag(arg);
1451         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1452         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !seltags[j]; j++);
1453         if(j == ntags)
1454                 seltags[i] = True; /* cannot toggle last view */
1455         arrange();
1456 }
1457
1458 static void
1459 view(const char *arg) {
1460         unsigned int i;
1461
1462         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1463                 seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1464         i = idxoftag(arg);
1465         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1466                 seltags[i] = True;
1467         arrange();
1468 }
1469
1470 static void
1471 cleanup(void) {
1472         close(STDIN_FILENO);
1473         while(stack) {
1474                 unban(stack);
1475                 unmanage(stack);
1476         }
1477         if(dc.font.set)
1478                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
1479         else
1480                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
1481         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
1482         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
1483         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
1484         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
1485         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
1486         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
1487         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
1488         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1489         XSync(dpy, False);
1490         free(seltags);
1491 }
1492
1493 static long
1494 getstate(Window w) {
1495         int format, status;
1496         long result = -1;
1497         unsigned char *p = NULL;
1498         unsigned long n, extra;
1499         Atom real;
1500
1501         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
1502                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
1503         if(status != Success)
1504                 return -1;
1505         if(n != 0)
1506                 result = *p;
1507         XFree(p);
1508         return result;
1509 }
1510
1511 static void
1512 scan(void) {
1513         unsigned int i, num;
1514         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1515         XWindowAttributes wa;
1516
1517         wins = NULL;
1518         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1519                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1520                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1521                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1522                                 continue;
1523                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1524                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1525                 }
1526                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1527                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1528                                 continue;
1529                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1530                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1531                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1532                 }
1533         }
1534         if(wins)
1535                 XFree(wins);
1536 }
1537
1538 static void
1539 setup(void) {
1540         int i, j;
1541         unsigned int mask;
1542         Window w;
1543         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1544         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1545
1546         /* init atoms */
1547         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1548         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1549         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1550         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1551         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1552         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1553         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1554                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1555         /* init cursors */
1556         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1557         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1558         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1559         /* init modifier map */
1560         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1561         for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1562                 for (j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1563                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1564                                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1565                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1566                 }
1567         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1568         /* select for events */
1569         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1570                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1571         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1572         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1573         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1574         keypress(NULL); /* grabkeys */
1575         compileregs();
1576         for(ntags = 0; tags[ntags]; ntags++);
1577         seltags = emallocz(sizeof(Bool) * ntags);
1578         seltags[0] = True;
1579         /* geometry */
1580         sx = sy = 0;
1581         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1582         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1583         initstyle();
1584         initlayouts();
1585         initbar();
1586         /* multihead support */
1587         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &i, &i, &i, &i, &mask);
1588 }
1589
1590 /*
1591  * Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1592  * is already running.
1593  */
1594 static int
1595 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1596         otherwm = True;
1597         return -1;
1598 }
1599
1600 static Bool
1601 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
1602         char **list = NULL;
1603         int n;
1604         XTextProperty name;
1605
1606         if(!text || size == 0)
1607                 return False;
1608         text[0] = '\0';
1609         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
1610         if(!name.nitems)
1611                 return False;
1612         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
1613                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
1614         else {
1615                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
1616                 && n > 0 && *list)
1617                 {
1618                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
1619                         XFreeStringList(list);
1620                 }
1621         }
1622         text[size - 1] = '\0';
1623         XFree(name.value);
1624         return True;
1625 }
1626
1627 static void
1628 quit(const char *arg) {
1629         readin = running = False;
1630 }
1631
1632 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1633  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1634  * default error handler, which may call exit.
1635  */
1636 static int
1637 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1638         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1639         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1640         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1641         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1642         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1643         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1644         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1645         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1646                 return 0;
1647         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1648                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1649         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1650 }
1651
1652 static void
1653 arrange(void) {
1654         Client *c;
1655
1656         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
1657                 if(isvisible(c))
1658                         unban(c);
1659                 else
1660                         ban(c);
1661         layouts[ltidx].arrange();
1662         focus(NULL);
1663         restack();
1664 }
1665
1666 static void
1667 attach(Client *c) {
1668         if(clients)
1669                 clients->prev = c;
1670         c->next = clients;
1671         clients = c;
1672 }
1673
1674 static void
1675 detach(Client *c) {
1676         if(c->prev)
1677                 c->prev->next = c->next;
1678         if(c->next)
1679                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
1680         if(c == clients)
1681                 clients = c->next;
1682         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
1683 }
1684
1685 static void
1686 focus(Client *c) {
1687         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
1688                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
1689         if(sel && sel != c) {
1690                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
1691                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1692         }
1693         if(c) {
1694                 detachstack(c);
1695                 attachstack(c);
1696                 grabbuttons(c, True);
1697         }
1698         sel = c;
1699         drawbar();
1700         if(!selscreen)
1701                 return;
1702         if(c) {
1703                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
1704                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1705         }
1706         else
1707                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
1708 }
1709
1710 static Bool
1711 isarrange(void (*func)())
1712 {
1713         return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
1714 }
1715
1716 static Client *
1717 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1718         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1719         return c;
1720 }
1721
1722 static void
1723 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1724         double delta;
1725
1726         if(!isarrange(tile))
1727                 return;
1728         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1729         if(arg == NULL)
1730                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1731         else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1732                 if(arg[0] != '+' && arg[0] != '-')
1733                         mwfact = delta;
1734                 else
1735                         mwfact += delta;
1736                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1737                         mwfact = 0.1;
1738                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1739                         mwfact = 0.9;
1740         }
1741         arrange();
1742 }
1743
1744 static void
1745 tile(void) {
1746         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1747         Client *c;
1748
1749         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1750                 n++;
1751
1752         /* window geoms */
1753         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1754         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1755         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1756                 th = wah;
1757
1758         nx = wax;
1759         ny = way;
1760         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1761                 c->ismax = False;
1762                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1763                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1764                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1765                 }
1766                 else {  /* tile window */
1767                         if(i == 1) {
1768                                 ny = way;
1769                                 nx += mw;
1770                         }
1771                         nw = waw - mw - 2 * c->border;
1772                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1773                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1774                         else
1775                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1776                 }
1777                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1778                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1779                         ny += nh + 2 * c->border;
1780         }
1781 }
1782
1783 static void
1784 zoom(const char *arg) {
1785         Client *c;
1786
1787         if(!sel || !isarrange(tile) || sel->isfloating)
1788                 return;
1789         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1790                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1791                         return;
1792         detach(c);
1793         attach(c);
1794         focus(c);
1795         arrange();
1796 }
1797
1798 int
1799 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1800         char *p;
1801         int r, xfd;
1802         fd_set rd;
1803         XEvent ev;
1804
1805         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1806                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1807         else if(argc != 1)
1808                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1809         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1810         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1811                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1812         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1813         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1814         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1815         otherwm = False;
1816         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
1817         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
1818         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
1819         XSync(dpy, False);
1820         if(otherwm)
1821                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
1822
1823         XSync(dpy, False);
1824         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
1825         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1826         XSync(dpy, False);
1827         setup();
1828         drawbar();
1829         scan();
1830
1831         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1832         XSync(dpy, False);
1833         readin = True;
1834         while(running) {
1835                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1836                 if(readin)
1837                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1838                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1839                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1840                         if(errno == EINTR)
1841                                 continue;
1842                         eprint("select failed\n");
1843                 }
1844                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1845                         switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1846                         case -1:
1847                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1848                                 stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1849                                 readin = False;
1850                                 break;
1851                         case 0:
1852                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1853                                 readin = False;
1854                                 break;
1855                         default:
1856                                 for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1857                                 for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1858                                 if(p > stext)
1859                                         strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1860                         }
1861                         drawbar();
1862                 }
1863                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1864                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1865                         if(handler[ev.type])
1866                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1867                 }
1868         }
1869         cleanup();
1870         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1871         return 0;
1872 }