dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21  * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22  * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23  *
  24  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  25  *
  26  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  27  */
  28 #include <errno.h>
  29 #include <locale.h>
  30 #include <stdarg.h>
  31 #include <stdio.h>
  32 #include <stdlib.h>
  33 #include <string.h>
  34 #include <unistd.h>
  35 #include <sys/select.h>
  36 #include <sys/types.h>
  37 #include <sys/wait.h>
  38 #include <regex.h>
  39 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  40 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  42 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  43 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  44 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  45
  46 /* macros */
  47 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  48 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  49 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  50
  51 /* enums */
  52 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  53 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  54 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  55 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  56 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  57
  58 /* typedefs */
  59 typedef struct Client Client;
  60 struct Client {
  61         char name[256];
  62         int x, y, w, h;
  63         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  64         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  65         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  66         long flags;
  67         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  68         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
  69         Bool *tags;
  70         Client *next;
  71         Client *prev;
  72         Client *snext;
  73         Window win;
  74 };
  75
  76 typedef struct {
  77         int x, y, w, h;
  78         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  79         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  80         Drawable drawable;
  81         GC gc;
  82         struct {
  83                 int ascent;
  84                 int descent;
  85                 int height;
  86                 XFontSet set;
  87                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  88         } font;
  89 } DC; /* draw context */
  90
  91 typedef struct {
  92         unsigned long mod;
  93         KeySym keysym;
  94         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  95         const char *arg;
  96 } Key;
  97
  98 typedef struct {
  99         const char *symbol;
 100         void (*arrange)(void);
 101 } Layout;
 102
 103 typedef struct {
 104         const char *prop;
 105         const char *tags;
 106         Bool isfloating;
 107 } Rule;
 108
 109 typedef struct {
 110         regex_t *propregex;
 111         regex_t *tagregex;
 112 } Regs;
 113
 114 /* forward declarations */
 115 void applyrules(Client *c);
 116 void arrange(void);
 117 void attach(Client *c);
 118 void attachstack(Client *c);
 119 void ban(Client *c);
 120 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 121 void checkotherwm(void);
 122 void cleanup(void);
 123 void compileregs(void);
 124 void configure(Client *c);
 125 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 126 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 127 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 128 void detach(Client *c);
 129 void detachstack(Client *c);
 130 void drawbar(void);
 131 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 132 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 134 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 135 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 136 void expose(XEvent *e);
 137 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 138 void focus(Client *c);
 139 void focusnext(const char *arg);
 140 void focusprev(const char *arg);
 141 Client *getclient(Window w);
 142 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 143 long getstate(Window w);
 144 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 145 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 146 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 147 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 148 Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
 149 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 150 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 151 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 152 void keypress(XEvent *e);
 153 void killclient(const char *arg);
 154 void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 155 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 156 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 157 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 158 void movemouse(Client *c);
 159 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 160 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 161 void quit(const char *arg);
 162 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 163 void resizemouse(Client *c);
 164 void restack(void);
 165 void run(void);
 166 void scan(void);
 167 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 168 void setlayout(const char *arg);
 169 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 170 void setup(void);
 171 void spawn(const char *arg);
 172 void tag(const char *arg);
 173 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 174 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 175 void tile(void);
 176 void togglebar(const char *arg);
 177 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 178 void togglemax(const char *arg);
 179 void toggletag(const char *arg);
 180 void toggleview(const char *arg);
 181 void unban(Client *c);
 182 void unmanage(Client *c);
 183 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 184 void updatebarpos(void);
 185 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 186 void updatetitle(Client *c);
 187 void view(const char *arg);
 188 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 189 int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 190 int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 191 void zoom(const char *arg);
 192
 193 /* variables */
 194 char stext[256];
 195 double mwfact;
 196 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 197 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 198 unsigned int bh, bpos, ntags;
 199 unsigned int blw = 0;
 200 unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
 201 unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
 202 unsigned int nrules = 0;
 203 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 204 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 205         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 206         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 207         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 208         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 209         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 210         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 211         [Expose] = expose,
 212         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 213         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 214         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 215         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 216         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 217 };
 218 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 219 Bool otherwm, readin;
 220 Bool running = True;
 221 Bool *seltags;
 222 Bool selscreen = True;
 223 Client *clients = NULL;
 224 Client *sel = NULL;
 225 Client *stack = NULL;
 226 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 227 Display *dpy;
 228 DC dc = {0};
 229 Window barwin, root;
 230 Regs *regs = NULL;
 231
 232 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 233 #include "config.h"
 234
 235 /* functions*/
 236 void
 237 applyrules(Client *c) {
 238         static char buf[512];
 239         unsigned int i, j;
 240         regmatch_t tmp;
 241         Bool matched = False;
 242         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 243
 244         /* rule matching */
 245         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 246         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 247                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 248                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 249         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
 250                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 251                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 252                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < ntags; j++) {
 253                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 254                                         matched = True;
 255                                         c->tags[j] = True;
 256                                 }
 257                         }
 258                 }
 259         if(ch.res_class)
 260                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 261         if(ch.res_name)
 262                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 263         if(!matched)
 264                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 265                         c->tags[i] = seltags[i];
 266 }
 267
 268 void
 269 arrange(void) {
 270         Client *c;
 271
 272         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 273                 if(isvisible(c))
 274                         unban(c);
 275                 else
 276                         ban(c);
 277         layouts[ltidx].arrange();
 278         focus(NULL);
 279         restack();
 280 }
 281
 282 void
 283 attach(Client *c) {
 284         if(clients)
 285                 clients->prev = c;
 286         c->next = clients;
 287         clients = c;
 288 }
 289
 290 void
 291 attachstack(Client *c) {
 292         c->snext = stack;
 293         stack = c;
 294 }
 295
 296 void
 297 ban(Client *c) {
 298         if(c->isbanned)
 299                 return;
 300         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 301         c->isbanned = True;
 302 }
 303
 304 void
 305 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 306         unsigned int i, x;
 307         Client *c;
 308         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 309
 310         if(barwin == ev->window) {
 311                 x = 0;
 312                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 313                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 314                         if(ev->x < x) {
 315                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 316                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 317                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 318                                         else
 319                                                 view(tags[i]);
 320                                 }
 321                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 322                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 323                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 324                                         else
 325                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 326                                 }
 327                                 return;
 328                         }
 329                 }
 330                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 331                         setlayout(NULL);
 332         }
 333         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 334                 focus(c);
 335                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 336                         return;
 337                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 338                         if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
 339                                 restack();
 340                         else
 341                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 342                         movemouse(c);
 343                 }
 344                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 345                         if(ISTILE && !c->isfixed && c->isfloating)
 346                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 347                         else
 348                                 zoom(NULL);
 349                 }
 350                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 351                         if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
 352                                 restack();
 353                         else
 354                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 355                         resizemouse(c);
 356                 }
 357         }
 358 }
 359
 360 void
 361 checkotherwm(void) {
 362         otherwm = False;
 363         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 364
 365         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 366         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 367         XSync(dpy, False);
 368         if(otherwm)
 369                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 370         XSync(dpy, False);
 371         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 372         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 373         XSync(dpy, False);
 374 }
 375
 376 void
 377 cleanup(void) {
 378         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 379         while(stack) {
 380                 unban(stack);
 381                 unmanage(stack);
 382         }
 383         if(dc.font.set)
 384                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 385         else
 386                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 387         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 388         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 389         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 390         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 391         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 392         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 393         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 394         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 395         XSync(dpy, False);
 396         free(seltags);
 397 }
 398
 399 void
 400 compileregs(void) {
 401         unsigned int i;
 402         regex_t *reg;
 403
 404         if(regs)
 405                 return;
 406         nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
 407         regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
 408         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
 409                 if(rules[i].prop) {
 410                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 411                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 412                                 free(reg);
 413                         else
 414                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
 415                 }
 416                 if(rules[i].tags) {
 417                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 418                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 419                                 free(reg);
 420                         else
 421                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 422                 }
 423         }
 424 }
 425
 426 void
 427 configure(Client *c) {
 428         XConfigureEvent ce;
 429
 430         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 431         ce.display = dpy;
 432         ce.event = c->win;
 433         ce.window = c->win;
 434         ce.x = c->x;
 435         ce.y = c->y;
 436         ce.width = c->w;
 437         ce.height = c->h;
 438         ce.border_width = c->border;
 439         ce.above = None;
 440         ce.override_redirect = False;
 441         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 442 }
 443
 444 void
 445 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 446         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 447
 448         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 449                 sw = ev->width;
 450                 sh = ev->height;
 451                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 452                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 453                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 454                 updatebarpos();
 455                 arrange();
 456         }
 457 }
 458
 459 void
 460 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 461         Client *c;
 462         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 463         XWindowChanges wc;
 464
 465         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 466                 c->ismax = False;
 467                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 468                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 469                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isarrange(floating)) {
 470                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 471                                 c->x = ev->x;
 472                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 473                                 c->y = ev->y;
 474                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 475                                 c->w = ev->width;
 476                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 477                                 c->h = ev->height;
 478                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 479                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 480                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 481                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 482                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 483                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 484                                 configure(c);
 485                         if(isvisible(c))
 486                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 487                 }
 488                 else
 489                         configure(c);
 490         }
 491         else {
 492                 wc.x = ev->x;
 493                 wc.y = ev->y;
 494                 wc.width = ev->width;
 495                 wc.height = ev->height;
 496                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 497                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 498                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 499                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 500         }
 501         XSync(dpy, False);
 502 }
 503
 504 void
 505 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 506         Client *c;
 507         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 508
 509         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 510                 unmanage(c);
 511 }
 512
 513 void
 514 detach(Client *c) {
 515         if(c->prev)
 516                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 517         if(c->next)
 518                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 519         if(c == clients)
 520                 clients = c->next;
 521         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 522 }
 523
 524 void
 525 detachstack(Client *c) {
 526         Client **tc;
 527
 528         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 529         *tc = c->snext;
 530 }
 531
 532 void
 533 drawbar(void) {
 534         int i, x;
 535
 536         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 537         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 538                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 539                 if(seltags[i]) {
 540                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 541                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 542                 }
 543                 else {
 544                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 545                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 546                 }
 547                 dc.x += dc.w;
 548         }
 549         dc.w = blw;
 550         drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
 551         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 552         dc.w = textw(stext);
 553         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 554         if(dc.x < x) {
 555                 dc.x = x;
 556                 dc.w = sw - x;
 557         }
 558         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 559         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 560                 dc.x = x;
 561                 if(sel) {
 562                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 563                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 564                 }
 565                 else
 566                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 567         }
 568         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 569         XSync(dpy, False);
 570 }
 571
 572 void
 573 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 574         int x;
 575         XGCValues gcv;
 576         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 577
 578         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 579         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 580         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 581         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 582         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 583         if(filled) {
 584                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 585                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 586         }
 587         else if(empty) {
 588                 r.width = r.height = x;
 589                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 590         }
 591 }
 592
 593 void
 594 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 595         int x, y, w, h;
 596         static char buf[256];
 597         unsigned int len, olen;
 598         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 599
 600         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 601         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 602         if(!text)
 603                 return;
 604         w = 0;
 605         olen = len = strlen(text);
 606         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 607                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 608         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 609         buf[len] = 0;
 610         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 611         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 612         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 613         /* shorten text if necessary */
 614         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 615                 buf[--len] = 0;
 616         if(len < olen) {
 617                 if(len > 1)
 618                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 619                 if(len > 2)
 620                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 621                 if(len > 3)
 622                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 623         }
 624         if(w > dc.w)
 625                 return; /* too long */
 626         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 627         if(dc.font.set)
 628                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 629         else
 630                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 631 }
 632
 633 void *
 634 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 635         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 636
 637         if(!res)
 638                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 639         return res;
 640 }
 641
 642 void
 643 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 644         Client *c;
 645         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 646
 647         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 648                 return;
 649         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 650                 focus(c);
 651                 restack();
 652         }
 653         else if(ev->window == root) {
 654                 selscreen = True;
 655                 focus(NULL);
 656         }
 657 }
 658
 659 void
 660 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 661         va_list ap;
 662
 663         va_start(ap, errstr);
 664         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 665         va_end(ap);
 666         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 667 }
 668
 669 void
 670 expose(XEvent *e) {
 671         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 672
 673         if(ev->count == 0) {
 674                 if(barwin == ev->window)
 675                         drawbar();
 676         }
 677 }
 678
 679 void
 680 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 681         Client *c;
 682
 683         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 684                 if(isvisible(c))
 685                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 686 }
 687
 688 void
 689 focus(Client *c) {
 690         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 691                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 692         if(sel && sel != c) {
 693                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 694                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 695         }
 696         if(c) {
 697                 detachstack(c);
 698                 attachstack(c);
 699                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 700         }
 701         sel = c;
 702         drawbar();
 703         if(!selscreen)
 704                 return;
 705         if(c) {
 706                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 707                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 708         }
 709         else
 710                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 711 }
 712
 713 void
 714 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 715         Client *c;
 716
 717         if(!sel)
 718                 return;
 719         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 720         if(!c)
 721                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 722         if(c) {
 723                 focus(c);
 724                 restack();
 725         }
 726 }
 727
 728 void
 729 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 730         Client *c;
 731
 732         if(!sel)
 733                 return;
 734         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 735         if(!c) {
 736                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 737                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 738         }
 739         if(c) {
 740                 focus(c);
 741                 restack();
 742         }
 743 }
 744
 745 Client *
 746 getclient(Window w) {
 747         Client *c;
 748
 749         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 750         return c;
 751 }
 752
 753 unsigned long
 754 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 755         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 756         XColor color;
 757
 758         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 759                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 760         return color.pixel;
 761 }
 762
 763 long
 764 getstate(Window w) {
 765         int format, status;
 766         long result = -1;
 767         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 768         unsigned long n, extra;
 769         Atom real;
 770
 771         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 772                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 773         if(status != Success)
 774                 return -1;
 775         if(n != 0)
 776                 result = *p;
 777         XFree(p);
 778         return result;
 779 }
 780
 781 Bool
 782 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 783         char **list = NULL;
 784         int n;
 785         XTextProperty name;
 786
 787         if(!text || size == 0)
 788                 return False;
 789         text[0] = '\0';
 790         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 791         if(!name.nitems)
 792                 return False;
 793         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 794                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 795         else {
 796                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 797                 && n > 0 && *list)
 798                 {
 799                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 800                         XFreeStringList(list);
 801                 }
 802         }
 803         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 804         XFree(name.value);
 805         return True;
 806 }
 807
 808 void
 809 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 810         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 811
 812         if(focused) {
 813                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 814                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 815                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 816                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 817                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 818                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 819                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 820                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 821
 822                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 823                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 824                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 825                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 826                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 827                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 828                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 829                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 830
 831                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 832                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 833                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 834                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 835                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 836                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 837                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 838                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 839         }
 840         else
 841                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 842                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 843 }
 844
 845 unsigned int
 846 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 847         unsigned int i;
 848
 849         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 850                 if(tags[i] == tag)
 851                         return i;
 852         return 0;
 853 }
 854
 855 void
 856 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 857         char *def, **missing;
 858         int i, n;
 859
 860         missing = NULL;
 861         if(dc.font.set)
 862                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 863         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 864         if(missing) {
 865                 while(n--)
 866                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 867                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 868         }
 869         if(dc.font.set) {
 870                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 871                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 872                 char **font_names;
 873                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 874                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 875                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 876                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 877                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 878                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 879                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 880                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 881                         xfonts++;
 882                 }
 883         }
 884         else {
 885                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 886                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 887                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 888                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 889                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 890                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 891                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 892                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 893         }
 894         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 895 }
 896
 897 Bool
 898 isarrange(void (*func)())
 899 {
 900         return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
 901 }
 902
 903 Bool
 904 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 905         Client *c;
 906
 907         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 908                 if(c->tags[t])
 909                         return True;
 910         return False;
 911 }
 912
 913 Bool
 914 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 915         int i, n;
 916         Atom *protocols;
 917         Bool ret = False;
 918
 919         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 920                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 921                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 922                                 ret = True;
 923                 XFree(protocols);
 924         }
 925         return ret;
 926 }
 927
 928 Bool
 929 isvisible(Client *c) {
 930         unsigned int i;
 931
 932         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 933                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 934                         return True;
 935         return False;
 936 }
 937
 938 void
 939 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 940         KEYS
 941         unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
 942         unsigned int i;
 943         KeyCode code;
 944         KeySym keysym;
 945         XKeyEvent *ev;
 946
 947         if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 948                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 949                 for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 950                         code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 951                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 952                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 953                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 954                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 955                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 956                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 957                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 958                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 959                 }
 960                 return;
 961         }
 962         ev = &e->xkey;
 963         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 964         for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
 965                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 966                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 967                 {
 968                         if(keys[i].func)
 969                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 970                 }
 971 }
 972
 973 void
 974 killclient(const char *arg) {
 975         XEvent ev;
 976
 977         if(!sel)
 978                 return;
 979         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 980                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 981                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 982                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 983                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 984                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 985                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 986                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 987         }
 988         else
 989                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 990 }
 991
 992 void
 993 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 994         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 995
 996         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 997                 selscreen = False;
 998                 focus(NULL);
 999         }
1000 }
1001
1002 void
1003 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1004         unsigned int i;
1005         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1006         Window trans;
1007         Status rettrans;
1008         XWindowChanges wc;
1009
1010         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1011         c->tags = emallocz(ntags * sizeof(Bool));
1012         c->win = w;
1013         c->x = wa->x;
1014         c->y = wa->y;
1015         c->w = wa->width;
1016         c->h = wa->height;
1017         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1018         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1019                 c->x = sx;
1020                 c->y = sy;
1021                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1022         }
1023         else {
1024                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1025                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1026                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1027                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1028                 if(c->x < wax)
1029                         c->x = wax;
1030                 if(c->y < way)
1031                         c->y = way;
1032                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1033         }
1034         wc.border_width = c->border;
1035         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1036         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1037         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1038         updatesizehints(c);
1039         XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1040                 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1041         grabbuttons(c, False);
1042         updatetitle(c);
1043         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1044                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1045         if(t)
1046                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1047                         c->tags[i] = t->tags[i];
1048         applyrules(c);
1049         if(!c->isfloating)
1050                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1051         attach(c);
1052         attachstack(c);
1053         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1054         ban(c);
1055         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1056         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1057         arrange();
1058 }
1059
1060 void
1061 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1062         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1063
1064         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1065         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1066                 keypress(NULL);
1067 }
1068
1069 void
1070 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1071         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1072         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1073
1074         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1075                 return;
1076         if(wa.override_redirect)
1077                 return;
1078         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1079                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1080 }
1081
1082 void
1083 movemouse(Client *c) {
1084         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1085         unsigned int dui;
1086         Window dummy;
1087         XEvent ev;
1088
1089         ocx = nx = c->x;
1090         ocy = ny = c->y;
1091         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1092                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1093                 return;
1094         c->ismax = False;
1095         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1096         for(;;) {
1097                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1098                 switch (ev.type) {
1099                 case ButtonRelease:
1100                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1101                         return;
1102                 case ConfigureRequest:
1103                 case Expose:
1104                 case MapRequest:
1105                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1106                         break;
1107                 case MotionNotify:
1108                         XSync(dpy, False);
1109                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1110                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1111                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1112                                 nx = wax;
1113                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1114                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1115                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1116                                 ny = way;
1117                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1118                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1119                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1120                         break;
1121                 }
1122         }
1123 }
1124
1125 Client *
1126 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1127         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1128         return c;
1129 }
1130
1131 void
1132 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1133         Client *c;
1134         Window trans;
1135         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1136
1137         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1138                 return; /* ignore */
1139         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1140                 switch (ev->atom) {
1141                         default: break;
1142                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1143                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1144                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1145                                         arrange();
1146                                 break;
1147                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1148                                 updatesizehints(c);
1149                                 break;
1150                 }
1151                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1152                         updatetitle(c);
1153                         if(c == sel)
1154                                 drawbar();
1155                 }
1156         }
1157 }
1158
1159 void
1160 quit(const char *arg) {
1161         readin = running = False;
1162 }
1163
1164 void
1165 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1166         double dx, dy, max, min, ratio;
1167         XWindowChanges wc;
1168
1169         if(sizehints) {
1170                 if(c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && (h - c->baseh) > 0 && (w - c->basew) > 0) {
1171                         dx = (double)(w - c->basew);
1172                         dy = (double)(h - c->baseh);
1173                         min = (double)(c->minax) / (double)(c->minay);
1174                         max = (double)(c->maxax) / (double)(c->maxay);
1175                         ratio = dx / dy;
1176                         if(max > 0 && min > 0 && ratio > 0) {
1177                                 if(ratio < min) {
1178                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (min * min + 1);
1179                                         dx = dy * min;
1180                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1181                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1182                                 }
1183                                 else if(ratio > max) {
1184                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (max * max + 1);
1185                                         dx = dy * min;
1186                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1187                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1188                                 }
1189                         }
1190                 }
1191                 if(c->minw && w < c->minw)
1192                         w = c->minw;
1193                 if(c->minh && h < c->minh)
1194                         h = c->minh;
1195                 if(c->maxw && w > c->maxw)
1196                         w = c->maxw;
1197                 if(c->maxh && h > c->maxh)
1198                         h = c->maxh;
1199                 if(c->incw)
1200                         w -= (w - c->basew) % c->incw;
1201                 if(c->inch)
1202                         h -= (h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
1203         }
1204         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1205                 return;
1206         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
1207         if(x > sw)
1208                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1209         if(y > sh)
1210                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1211         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1212                 x = sx;
1213         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1214                 y = sy;
1215         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1216                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1217                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1218                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1219                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1220                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1221                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1222                 configure(c);
1223                 XSync(dpy, False);
1224         }
1225 }
1226
1227 void
1228 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1229         int ocx, ocy;
1230         int nw, nh;
1231         XEvent ev;
1232
1233         ocx = c->x;
1234         ocy = c->y;
1235         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1236                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1237                 return;
1238         c->ismax = False;
1239         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1240         for(;;) {
1241                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1242                 switch(ev.type) {
1243                 case ButtonRelease:
1244                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1245                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1246                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1247                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1248                         return;
1249                 case ConfigureRequest:
1250                 case Expose:
1251                 case MapRequest:
1252                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1253                         break;
1254                 case MotionNotify:
1255                         XSync(dpy, False);
1256                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1257                                 nw = 1;
1258                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1259                                 nh = 1;
1260                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1261                         break;
1262                 }
1263         }
1264 }
1265
1266 void
1267 restack(void) {
1268         Client *c;
1269         XEvent ev;
1270         XWindowChanges wc;
1271
1272         drawbar();
1273         if(!sel)
1274                 return;
1275         if(sel->isfloating || isarrange(floating))
1276                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1277         if(!isarrange(floating)) {
1278                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1279                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1280                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1281                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1282                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1283                 }
1284                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1285                         if(c == sel)
1286                                 continue;
1287                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1288                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1289                 }
1290         }
1291         XSync(dpy, False);
1292         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1293 }
1294
1295 void
1296 run(void) {
1297         char *p;
1298         int r, xfd;
1299         fd_set rd;
1300         XEvent ev;
1301
1302         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1303         XSync(dpy, False);
1304         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1305         readin = True;
1306         while(running) {
1307                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1308                 if(readin)
1309                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1310                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1311                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1312                         if(errno == EINTR)
1313                                 continue;
1314                         eprint("select failed\n");
1315                 }
1316                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1317                         switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1318                         case -1:
1319                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1320                                 stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1321                                 readin = False;
1322                                 break;
1323                         case 0:
1324                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1325                                 readin = False;
1326                                 break;
1327                         default:
1328                                 for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1329                                 for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1330                                 if(p > stext)
1331                                         strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1332                         }
1333                         drawbar();
1334                 }
1335                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1336                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1337                         if(handler[ev.type])
1338                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1339                 }
1340         }
1341 }
1342
1343 void
1344 scan(void) {
1345         unsigned int i, num;
1346         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1347         XWindowAttributes wa;
1348
1349         wins = NULL;
1350         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1351                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1352                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1353                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1354                                 continue;
1355                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1356                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1357                 }
1358                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1359                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1360                                 continue;
1361                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1362                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1363                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1364                 }
1365         }
1366         if(wins)
1367                 XFree(wins);
1368 }
1369
1370 void
1371 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1372         long data[] = {state, None};
1373
1374         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1375                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1376 }
1377
1378 void
1379 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1380         unsigned int i;
1381
1382         if(!arg) {
1383                 if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1384                         ltidx = 0;;
1385         }
1386         else {
1387                 for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1388                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1389                                 break;
1390                 if(i == nlayouts)
1391                         return;
1392                 ltidx = i;
1393         }
1394         if(sel)
1395                 arrange();
1396         else
1397                 drawbar();
1398 }
1399
1400 void
1401 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1402         double delta;
1403
1404         if(!ISTILE)
1405                 return;
1406         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1407         if(arg == NULL)
1408                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1409         else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1410                 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1411                         mwfact += delta;
1412                 else
1413                         mwfact = delta;
1414                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1415                         mwfact = 0.1;
1416                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1417                         mwfact = 0.9;
1418         }
1419         arrange();
1420 }
1421
1422 void
1423 setup(void) {
1424         int d;
1425         unsigned int i, j, mask;
1426         Window w;
1427         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1428         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1429
1430         /* init atoms */
1431         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1432         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1433         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1434         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1435         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1436         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1437         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1438                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1439
1440         /* init cursors */
1441         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1442         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1443         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1444
1445         /* init geometry */
1446         sx = sy = 0;
1447         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1448         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1449
1450         /* init modifier map */
1451         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1452         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1453                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1454                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1455                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1456                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1457                 }
1458         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1459
1460         /* select for events */
1461         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1462                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1463         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1464         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1465         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1466
1467         /* grab keys */
1468         keypress(NULL);
1469
1470         /* init tags */
1471         compileregs();
1472         for(ntags = 0; tags[ntags]; ntags++);
1473         seltags = emallocz(sizeof(Bool) * ntags);
1474         seltags[0] = True;
1475
1476         /* init appearance */
1477         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1478         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1479         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1480         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1481         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1482         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1483         initfont(FONT);
1484         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1485
1486         /* init layouts */
1487         mwfact = MWFACT;
1488         nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
1489         for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
1490                 j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1491                 if(j > blw)
1492                         blw = j;
1493         }
1494
1495         /* init bar */
1496         bpos = BARPOS;
1497         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1498         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1499         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1500         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1501                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1502                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1503         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1504         updatebarpos();
1505         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1506         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1507         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1508         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1509         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1510         if(!dc.font.set)
1511                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1512
1513         /* multihead support */
1514         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1515 }
1516
1517 void
1518 spawn(const char *arg) {
1519         static char *shell = NULL;
1520
1521         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1522                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1523         if(!arg)
1524                 return;
1525         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1526          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1527         if(fork() == 0) {
1528                 if(fork() == 0) {
1529                         if(dpy)
1530                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1531                         setsid();
1532                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1533                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1534                         perror(" failed");
1535                 }
1536                 exit(0);
1537         }
1538         wait(0);
1539 }
1540
1541 void
1542 tag(const char *arg) {
1543         unsigned int i;
1544
1545         if(!sel)
1546                 return;
1547         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1548                 sel->tags[i] = arg == NULL;
1549         i = idxoftag(arg);
1550         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1551                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1552         arrange();
1553 }
1554
1555 unsigned int
1556 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1557         XRectangle r;
1558
1559         if(dc.font.set) {
1560                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1561                 return r.width;
1562         }
1563         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1564 }
1565
1566 unsigned int
1567 textw(const char *text) {
1568         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1569 }
1570
1571 void
1572 tile(void) {
1573         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1574         Client *c, *mc;
1575
1576         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1577                 n++;
1578
1579         /* window geoms */
1580         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1581         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1582         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1583                 th = wah;
1584
1585         nx = wax;
1586         ny = way;
1587         nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1588         for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1589                 c->ismax = False;
1590                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1591                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1592                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1593                 }
1594                 else {  /* tile window */
1595                         if(i == 1) {
1596                                 ny = way;
1597                                 nx += mc->w + mc->border;
1598                                 nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1599                         }
1600                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1601                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1602                         else
1603                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1604                 }
1605                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1606                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1607                         ny = c->y + c->h + c->border;
1608         }
1609 }
1610
1611 void
1612 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1613         if(bpos == BarOff)
1614                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1615         else
1616                 bpos = BarOff;
1617         updatebarpos();
1618         arrange();
1619 }
1620
1621 void
1622 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1623         if(!sel)
1624                 return;
1625         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1626         if(sel->isfloating)
1627                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1628         arrange();
1629 }
1630
1631 void
1632 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1633         XEvent ev;
1634
1635         if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1636                 return;
1637         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1638                 if(isarrange(floating) || sel->isfloating)
1639                         sel->wasfloating = True;
1640                 else {
1641                         togglefloating(NULL);
1642                         sel->wasfloating = False;
1643                 }
1644                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1645                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1646                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1647                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1648                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1649         }
1650         else {
1651                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1652                 if(!sel->wasfloating)
1653                         togglefloating(NULL);
1654         }
1655         drawbar();
1656         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1657 }
1658
1659 void
1660 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1661         unsigned int i, j;
1662
1663         if(!sel)
1664                 return;
1665         i = idxoftag(arg);
1666         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1667         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1668         if(j == ntags)
1669                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1670         arrange();
1671 }
1672
1673 void
1674 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1675         unsigned int i, j;
1676
1677         i = idxoftag(arg);
1678         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1679         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !seltags[j]; j++);
1680         if(j == ntags)
1681                 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1682         arrange();
1683 }
1684
1685 void
1686 unban(Client *c) {
1687         if(!c->isbanned)
1688                 return;
1689         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1690         c->isbanned = False;
1691 }
1692
1693 void
1694 unmanage(Client *c) {
1695         XWindowChanges wc;
1696
1697         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1698         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1699         XGrabServer(dpy);
1700         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1701         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1702         detach(c);
1703         detachstack(c);
1704         if(sel == c)
1705                 focus(NULL);
1706         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1707         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1708         free(c->tags);
1709         free(c);
1710         XSync(dpy, False);
1711         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1712         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1713         arrange();
1714 }
1715
1716 void
1717 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1718         Client *c;
1719         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1720
1721         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1722                 unmanage(c);
1723 }
1724
1725 void
1726 updatebarpos(void) {
1727         XEvent ev;
1728
1729         wax = sx;
1730         way = sy;
1731         wah = sh;
1732         waw = sw;
1733         switch(bpos) {
1734         default:
1735                 wah -= bh;
1736                 way += bh;
1737                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1738                 break;
1739         case BarBot:
1740                 wah -= bh;
1741                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1742                 break;
1743         case BarOff:
1744                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1745                 break;
1746         }
1747         XSync(dpy, False);
1748         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1749 }
1750
1751 void
1752 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1753         long msize;
1754         XSizeHints size;
1755
1756         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1757                 size.flags = PSize;
1758         c->flags = size.flags;
1759         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1760                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1761                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1762         }
1763         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1764                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1765                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1766         }
1767         else
1768                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1769         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1770                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1771                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1772         }
1773         else
1774                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1775         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1776                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1777                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1778         }
1779         else
1780                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1781         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1782                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1783                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1784         }
1785         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1786                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1787                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1788         }
1789         else
1790                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1791         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1792                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1793                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1794                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1795                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1796         }
1797         else
1798                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1799         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1800                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1801 }
1802
1803 void
1804 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1805         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1806                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1807 }
1808
1809 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1810  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1811  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1812 int
1813 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1814         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1815         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1816         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1817         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1818         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1819         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1820         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1821         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1822                 return 0;
1823         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1824                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1825         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1826 }
1827
1828 int
1829 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1830         return 0;
1831 }
1832
1833 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1834  * is already running. */
1835 int
1836 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1837         otherwm = True;
1838         return -1;
1839 }
1840
1841 void
1842 view(const char *arg) {
1843         unsigned int i;
1844
1845         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1846                 seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1847         i = idxoftag(arg);
1848         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1849                 seltags[i] = True;
1850         arrange();
1851 }
1852
1853 void
1854 zoom(const char *arg) {
1855         Client *c;
1856
1857         if(!sel || !ISTILE || sel->isfloating)
1858                 return;
1859         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1860                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1861                         return;
1862         detach(c);
1863         attach(c);
1864         focus(c);
1865         arrange();
1866 }
1867
1868 int
1869 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1870         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1871                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1872         else if(argc != 1)
1873                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1874
1875         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1876         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1877                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1878         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1879         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1880
1881         checkotherwm();
1882         setup();
1883         drawbar();
1884         scan();
1885         run();
1886         cleanup();
1887
1888         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1889         return 0;
1890 }