dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21  * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22  * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23  *
  24  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in the config.h
  25  * file. These arrays are kept static in event.o and tag.o respectively,
  26  * because no other part of dwm needs access to them.  The current layout is
  27  * represented by the lt pointer.
  28  *
  29  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  30  */
  31 #include <errno.h>
  32 #include <locale.h>
  33 #include <regex.h>
  34 #include <stdarg.h>
  35 #include <stdio.h>
  36 #include <stdlib.h>
  37 #include <string.h>
  38 #include <unistd.h>
  39 #include <sys/select.h>
  40 #include <sys/wait.h>
  41 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  42 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  43 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  44 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  45 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  46
  47 /* macros */
  48 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  49 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  50 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  51
  52 /* enums */
  53 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  54 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  55 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  56 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  57 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  58
  59 /* typedefs */
  60 typedef struct Client Client;
  61 struct Client {
  62         char name[256];
  63         int x, y, w, h;
  64         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  65         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  66         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  67         long flags;
  68         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  69         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating;
  70         Bool *tags;
  71         Client *next;
  72         Client *prev;
  73         Client *snext;
  74         Window win;
  75 };
  76
  77 typedef struct {
  78         int x, y, w, h;
  79         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  80         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  81         Drawable drawable;
  82         GC gc;
  83         struct {
  84                 int ascent;
  85                 int descent;
  86                 int height;
  87                 XFontSet set;
  88                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  89         } font;
  90 } DC; /* draw context */
  91
  92 typedef struct {
  93         unsigned long mod;
  94         KeySym keysym;
  95         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  96         const char *arg;
  97 } Key;
  98
  99 typedef struct {
 100         const char *symbol;
 101         void (*arrange)(void);
 102 } Layout;
 103
 104 typedef struct {
 105         const char *prop;
 106         const char *tags;
 107         Bool isfloating;
 108 } Rule;
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         regex_t *propregex;
 112         regex_t *tagregex;
 113 } Regs;
 114
 115 /* forward declarations */
 116 static void applyrules(Client *c);
 117 static void arrange(void);
 118 static void attach(Client *c);
 119 static void attachstack(Client *c);
 120 static void ban(Client *c);
 121 static void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 122 static void checkotherwm(void);
 123 static void cleanup(void);
 124 static void compileregs(void);
 125 static void configure(Client *c);
 126 static void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 127 static void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 128 static void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 129 static void detach(Client *c);
 130 static void detachstack(Client *c);
 131 static void drawbar(void);
 132 static void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133 static void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 134 static void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 135 static void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 136 static void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 137 static void expose(XEvent *e);
 138 static void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 139 static void focus(Client *c);
 140 static void focusnext(const char *arg);
 141 static void focusprev(const char *arg);
 142 static Client *getclient(Window w);
 143 static unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 144 static long getstate(Window w);
 145 static Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 146 static void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 147 static unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 148 static void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 149 static Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
 150 static Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 151 static Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 152 static Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 153 static void keypress(XEvent *e);
 154 static void killclient(const char *arg);
 155 static void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 156 static void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 157 static void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 158 static void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 159 static void movemouse(Client *c);
 160 static Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 161 static void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 162 static void quit(const char *arg);
 163 static void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 164 static void resizemouse(Client *c);
 165 static void restack(void);
 166 static void run(void);
 167 static void scan(void);
 168 static void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 169 static void setlayout(const char *arg);
 170 static void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 171 static void setup(void);
 172 static void spawn(const char *arg);
 173 static void tag(const char *arg);
 174 static unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 175 static unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 176 static void tile(void);
 177 static void togglebar(const char *arg);
 178 static void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 179 static void togglemax(const char *arg);
 180 static void toggletag(const char *arg);
 181 static void toggleview(const char *arg);
 182 static void unban(Client *c);
 183 static void unmanage(Client *c);
 184 static void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 185 static void updatebarpos(void);
 186 static void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 187 static void updatetitle(Client *c);
 188 static void view(const char *arg);
 189 static int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 190 static int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 191 static int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 192 static void zoom(const char *arg);
 193
 194 /* variables */
 195 static char stext[256];
 196 static double mwfact;
 197 static int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 198 static int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 199 static unsigned int bh, bpos, ntags;
 200 static unsigned int blw = 0;
 201 static unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
 202 static unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
 203 static unsigned int nrules = 0;
 204 static unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 205 static void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 206         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 207         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 208         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 209         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 210         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 211         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 212         [Expose] = expose,
 213         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 214         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 215         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 216         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 217         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 218 };
 219 static Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 220 static Bool otherwm, readin;
 221 static Bool running = True;
 222 static Bool *seltags;
 223 static Bool selscreen = True;
 224 static Client *clients = NULL;
 225 static Client *sel = NULL;
 226 static Client *stack = NULL;
 227 static Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 228 static Display *dpy;
 229 static DC dc = {0};
 230 static Window barwin, root;
 231 static Regs *regs = NULL;
 232
 233 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 234 #include "config.h"
 235
 236 /* functions*/
 237 static void
 238 applyrules(Client *c) {
 239         static char buf[512];
 240         unsigned int i, j;
 241         regmatch_t tmp;
 242         Bool matched = False;
 243         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 244
 245         /* rule matching */
 246         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 247         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 248                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 249                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 250         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
 251                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 252                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 253                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < ntags; j++) {
 254                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 255                                         matched = True;
 256                                         c->tags[j] = True;
 257                                 }
 258                         }
 259                 }
 260         if(ch.res_class)
 261                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 262         if(ch.res_name)
 263                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 264         if(!matched)
 265                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 266                         c->tags[i] = seltags[i];
 267 }
 268
 269 static void
 270 arrange(void) {
 271         Client *c;
 272
 273         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 274                 if(isvisible(c))
 275                         unban(c);
 276                 else
 277                         ban(c);
 278         layouts[ltidx].arrange();
 279         focus(NULL);
 280         restack();
 281 }
 282
 283 static void
 284 attach(Client *c) {
 285         if(clients)
 286                 clients->prev = c;
 287         c->next = clients;
 288         clients = c;
 289 }
 290
 291 static void
 292 attachstack(Client *c) {
 293         c->snext = stack;
 294         stack = c;
 295 }
 296
 297 static void
 298 ban(Client *c) {
 299         if(c->isbanned)
 300                 return;
 301         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 302         c->isbanned = True;
 303 }
 304
 305 static void
 306 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 307         unsigned int i, x;
 308         Client *c;
 309         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 310
 311         if(barwin == ev->window) {
 312                 x = 0;
 313                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 314                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 315                         if(ev->x < x) {
 316                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 317                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 318                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 319                                         else
 320                                                 view(tags[i]);
 321                                 }
 322                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 323                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 324                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 325                                         else
 326                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 327                                 }
 328                                 return;
 329                         }
 330                 }
 331                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 332                         setlayout(NULL);
 333         }
 334         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 335                 focus(c);
 336                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 337                         return;
 338                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 339                         if(!isarrange(floating) && !c->isfloating)
 340                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 341                         else
 342                                 restack();
 343                         movemouse(c);
 344                 }
 345                 else if(ev->button == Button2)
 346                         zoom(NULL);
 347                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 348                         if(!isarrange(floating) && !c->isfloating)
 349                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 350                         else
 351                                 restack();
 352                         resizemouse(c);
 353                 }
 354         }
 355 }
 356
 357 static void
 358 checkotherwm(void) {
 359         otherwm = False;
 360         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 361
 362         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 363         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 364         XSync(dpy, False);
 365         if(otherwm)
 366                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 367         XSync(dpy, False);
 368         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 369         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 370         XSync(dpy, False);
 371 }
 372
 373 static void
 374 cleanup(void) {
 375         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 376         while(stack) {
 377                 unban(stack);
 378                 unmanage(stack);
 379         }
 380         if(dc.font.set)
 381                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 382         else
 383                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 384         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 385         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 386         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 387         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 388         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 389         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 390         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 391         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 392         XSync(dpy, False);
 393         free(seltags);
 394 }
 395
 396 static void
 397 compileregs(void) {
 398         unsigned int i;
 399         regex_t *reg;
 400
 401         if(regs)
 402                 return;
 403         nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
 404         regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
 405         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
 406                 if(rules[i].prop) {
 407                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 408                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 409                                 free(reg);
 410                         else
 411                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
 412                 }
 413                 if(rules[i].tags) {
 414                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 415                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 416                                 free(reg);
 417                         else
 418                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 419                 }
 420         }
 421 }
 422
 423 static void
 424 configure(Client *c) {
 425         XConfigureEvent ce;
 426
 427         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 428         ce.display = dpy;
 429         ce.event = c->win;
 430         ce.window = c->win;
 431         ce.x = c->x;
 432         ce.y = c->y;
 433         ce.width = c->w;
 434         ce.height = c->h;
 435         ce.border_width = c->border;
 436         ce.above = None;
 437         ce.override_redirect = False;
 438         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 439 }
 440
 441 static void
 442 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 443         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 444
 445         if (ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 446                 sw = ev->width;
 447                 sh = ev->height;
 448                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 449                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 450                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 451                 updatebarpos();
 452                 arrange();
 453         }
 454 }
 455
 456 static void
 457 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 458         Client *c;
 459         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 460         XWindowChanges wc;
 461
 462         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 463                 c->ismax = False;
 464                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 465                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 466                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isarrange(floating)) {
 467                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 468                                 c->x = ev->x;
 469                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 470                                 c->y = ev->y;
 471                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 472                                 c->w = ev->width;
 473                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 474                                 c->h = ev->height;
 475                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 476                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 477                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 478                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 479                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 480                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 481                                 configure(c);
 482                         if(isvisible(c))
 483                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 484                 }
 485                 else
 486                         configure(c);
 487         }
 488         else {
 489                 wc.x = ev->x;
 490                 wc.y = ev->y;
 491                 wc.width = ev->width;
 492                 wc.height = ev->height;
 493                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 494                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 495                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 496                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 497         }
 498         XSync(dpy, False);
 499 }
 500
 501 static void
 502 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 503         Client *c;
 504         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 505
 506         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 507                 unmanage(c);
 508 }
 509
 510 static void
 511 detach(Client *c) {
 512         if(c->prev)
 513                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 514         if(c->next)
 515                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 516         if(c == clients)
 517                 clients = c->next;
 518         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 519 }
 520
 521 static void
 522 detachstack(Client *c) {
 523         Client **tc;
 524
 525         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 526         *tc = c->snext;
 527 }
 528
 529 static void
 530 drawbar(void) {
 531         int i, x;
 532
 533         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 534         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 535                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 536                 if(seltags[i]) {
 537                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 538                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 539                 }
 540                 else {
 541                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 542                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 543                 }
 544                 dc.x += dc.w;
 545         }
 546         dc.w = blw;
 547         drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
 548         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 549         dc.w = textw(stext);
 550         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 551         if(dc.x < x) {
 552                 dc.x = x;
 553                 dc.w = sw - x;
 554         }
 555         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 556         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 557                 dc.x = x;
 558                 if(sel) {
 559                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 560                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 561                 }
 562                 else
 563                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 564         }
 565         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 566         XSync(dpy, False);
 567 }
 568
 569 static void
 570 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 571         int x;
 572         XGCValues gcv;
 573         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 574
 575         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 576         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 577         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 578         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 579         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 580         if(filled) {
 581                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 582                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 583         }
 584         else if(empty) {
 585                 r.width = r.height = x;
 586                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 587         }
 588 }
 589
 590 static void
 591 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 592         int x, y, w, h;
 593         static char buf[256];
 594         unsigned int len, olen;
 595         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 596
 597         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 598         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 599         if(!text)
 600                 return;
 601         w = 0;
 602         olen = len = strlen(text);
 603         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 604                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 605         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 606         buf[len] = 0;
 607         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 608         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 609         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 610         /* shorten text if necessary */
 611         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 612                 buf[--len] = 0;
 613         if(len < olen) {
 614                 if(len > 1)
 615                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 616                 if(len > 2)
 617                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 618                 if(len > 3)
 619                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 620         }
 621         if(w > dc.w)
 622                 return; /* too long */
 623         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 624         if(dc.font.set)
 625                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 626         else
 627                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 628 }
 629
 630 static void *
 631 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 632         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 633
 634         if(!res)
 635                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 636         return res;
 637 }
 638
 639 static void
 640 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 641         Client *c;
 642         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 643
 644         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 645                 return;
 646         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 647                 focus(c);
 648         else if(ev->window == root) {
 649                 selscreen = True;
 650                 focus(NULL);
 651         }
 652 }
 653
 654 static void
 655 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 656         va_list ap;
 657
 658         va_start(ap, errstr);
 659         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 660         va_end(ap);
 661         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 662 }
 663
 664 static void
 665 expose(XEvent *e) {
 666         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 667
 668         if(ev->count == 0) {
 669                 if(barwin == ev->window)
 670                         drawbar();
 671         }
 672 }
 673
 674 static void
 675 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 676         Client *c;
 677
 678         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 679                 if(isvisible(c))
 680                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 681 }
 682
 683 static void
 684 focus(Client *c) {
 685         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 686                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 687         if(sel && sel != c) {
 688                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 689                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 690         }
 691         if(c) {
 692                 detachstack(c);
 693                 attachstack(c);
 694                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 695         }
 696         sel = c;
 697         drawbar();
 698         if(!selscreen)
 699                 return;
 700         if(c) {
 701                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 702                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 703         }
 704         else
 705                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 706 }
 707
 708 static void
 709 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 710         Client *c;
 711
 712         if(!sel)
 713                 return;
 714         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 715         if(!c)
 716                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 717         if(c) {
 718                 focus(c);
 719                 restack();
 720         }
 721 }
 722
 723 static void
 724 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 725         Client *c;
 726
 727         if(!sel)
 728                 return;
 729         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 730         if(!c) {
 731                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 732                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 733         }
 734         if(c) {
 735                 focus(c);
 736                 restack();
 737         }
 738 }
 739
 740 static Client *
 741 getclient(Window w) {
 742         Client *c;
 743
 744         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 745         return c;
 746 }
 747
 748 static unsigned long
 749 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 750         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 751         XColor color;
 752
 753         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 754                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 755         return color.pixel;
 756 }
 757
 758 static long
 759 getstate(Window w) {
 760         int format, status;
 761         long result = -1;
 762         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 763         unsigned long n, extra;
 764         Atom real;
 765
 766         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 767                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 768         if(status != Success)
 769                 return -1;
 770         if(n != 0)
 771                 result = *p;
 772         XFree(p);
 773         return result;
 774 }
 775
 776 static Bool
 777 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 778         char **list = NULL;
 779         int n;
 780         XTextProperty name;
 781
 782         if(!text || size == 0)
 783                 return False;
 784         text[0] = '\0';
 785         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 786         if(!name.nitems)
 787                 return False;
 788         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 789                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 790         else {
 791                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 792                 && n > 0 && *list)
 793                 {
 794                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 795                         XFreeStringList(list);
 796                 }
 797         }
 798         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 799         XFree(name.value);
 800         return True;
 801 }
 802
 803 static void
 804 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 805         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 806
 807         if(focused) {
 808                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 809                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 810                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 811                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 812                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 813                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 814                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 815                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 816
 817                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 818                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 819                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 820                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 821                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 822                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 823                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 824                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 825
 826                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 827                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 828                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 829                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 830                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 831                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 832                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 833                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 834         }
 835         else
 836                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 837                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 838 }
 839
 840 static unsigned int
 841 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 842         unsigned int i;
 843
 844         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 845                 if(tags[i] == tag)
 846                         return i;
 847         return 0;
 848 }
 849
 850 static void
 851 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 852         char *def, **missing;
 853         int i, n;
 854
 855         missing = NULL;
 856         if(dc.font.set)
 857                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 858         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 859         if(missing) {
 860                 while(n--)
 861                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 862                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 863         }
 864         if(dc.font.set) {
 865                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 866                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 867                 char **font_names;
 868                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 869                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 870                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 871                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 872                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 873                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 874                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 875                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 876                         xfonts++;
 877                 }
 878         }
 879         else {
 880                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 881                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 882                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 883                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 884                 || !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 885                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 886                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 887                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 888         }
 889         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 890 }
 891
 892 static Bool
 893 isarrange(void (*func)())
 894 {
 895         return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
 896 }
 897
 898 static Bool
 899 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 900         Client *c;
 901
 902         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 903                 if(c->tags[t])
 904                         return True;
 905         return False;
 906 }
 907
 908 static Bool
 909 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 910         int i, n;
 911         Atom *protocols;
 912         Bool ret = False;
 913
 914         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 915                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 916                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 917                                 ret = True;
 918                 XFree(protocols);
 919         }
 920         return ret;
 921 }
 922
 923 static Bool
 924 isvisible(Client *c) {
 925         unsigned int i;
 926
 927         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 928                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 929                         return True;
 930         return False;
 931 }
 932
 933 static void
 934 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 935         KEYS
 936         unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
 937         unsigned int i;
 938         KeyCode code;
 939         KeySym keysym;
 940         XKeyEvent *ev;
 941
 942         if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 943                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 944                 for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 945                         code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 946                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 947                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 948                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 949                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 950                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 951                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 952                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 953                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 954                 }
 955                 return;
 956         }
 957         ev = &e->xkey;
 958         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 959         for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
 960                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 961                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 962                 {
 963                         if(keys[i].func)
 964                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 965                 }
 966 }
 967
 968 static void
 969 killclient(const char *arg) {
 970         XEvent ev;
 971
 972         if(!sel)
 973                 return;
 974         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 975                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 976                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 977                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 978                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 979                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 980                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 981                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 982         }
 983         else
 984                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 985 }
 986
 987 static void
 988 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 989         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 990
 991         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 992                 selscreen = False;
 993                 focus(NULL);
 994         }
 995 }
 996
 997 static void
 998 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 999         unsigned int i;
1000         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1001         Window trans;
1002         Status rettrans;
1003         XWindowChanges wc;
1004
1005         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1006         c->tags = emallocz(ntags * sizeof(Bool));
1007         c->win = w;
1008         c->x = wa->x;
1009         c->y = wa->y;
1010         c->w = wa->width;
1011         c->h = wa->height;
1012         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1013         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1014                 c->x = sx;
1015                 c->y = sy;
1016                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1017         }
1018         else {
1019                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1020                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1021                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1022                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1023                 if(c->x < wax)
1024                         c->x = wax;
1025                 if(c->y < way)
1026                         c->y = way;
1027                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1028         }
1029         wc.border_width = c->border;
1030         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1031         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1032         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1033         updatesizehints(c);
1034         XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1035                 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1036         grabbuttons(c, False);
1037         updatetitle(c);
1038         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1039                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1040         if(t)
1041                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1042                         c->tags[i] = t->tags[i];
1043         applyrules(c);
1044         if(!c->isfloating)
1045                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1046         attach(c);
1047         attachstack(c);
1048         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1049         ban(c);
1050         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1051         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1052         arrange();
1053 }
1054
1055 static void
1056 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1057         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1058
1059         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1060         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1061                 keypress(NULL);
1062 }
1063
1064 static void
1065 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1066         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1067         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1068
1069         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1070                 return;
1071         if(wa.override_redirect)
1072                 return;
1073         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1074                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1075 }
1076
1077 static void
1078 movemouse(Client *c) {
1079         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1080         unsigned int dui;
1081         Window dummy;
1082         XEvent ev;
1083
1084         ocx = nx = c->x;
1085         ocy = ny = c->y;
1086         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1087                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1088                 return;
1089         c->ismax = False;
1090         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1091         for(;;) {
1092                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1093                 switch (ev.type) {
1094                 case ButtonRelease:
1095                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1096                         return;
1097                 case ConfigureRequest:
1098                 case Expose:
1099                 case MapRequest:
1100                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1101                         break;
1102                 case MotionNotify:
1103                         XSync(dpy, False);
1104                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1105                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1106                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1107                                 nx = wax;
1108                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1109                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1110                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1111                                 ny = way;
1112                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1113                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1114                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1115                         break;
1116                 }
1117         }
1118 }
1119
1120 static Client *
1121 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1122         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1123         return c;
1124 }
1125
1126 static void
1127 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1128         Client *c;
1129         Window trans;
1130         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1131
1132         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1133                 return; /* ignore */
1134         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1135                 switch (ev->atom) {
1136                         default: break;
1137                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1138                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1139                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1140                                         arrange();
1141                                 break;
1142                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1143                                 updatesizehints(c);
1144                                 break;
1145                 }
1146                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1147                         updatetitle(c);
1148                         if(c == sel)
1149                                 drawbar();
1150                 }
1151         }
1152 }
1153
1154 static void
1155 quit(const char *arg) {
1156         readin = running = False;
1157 }
1158
1159 static void
1160 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1161         double dx, dy, max, min, ratio;
1162         XWindowChanges wc;
1163
1164         if(sizehints) {
1165                 if(c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && (h - c->baseh) > 0 && (w - c->basew) > 0) {
1166                         dx = (double)(w - c->basew);
1167                         dy = (double)(h - c->baseh);
1168                         min = (double)(c->minax) / (double)(c->minay);
1169                         max = (double)(c->maxax) / (double)(c->maxay);
1170                         ratio = dx / dy;
1171                         if(max > 0 && min > 0 && ratio > 0) {
1172                                 if(ratio < min) {
1173                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (min * min + 1);
1174                                         dx = dy * min;
1175                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1176                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1177                                 }
1178                                 else if(ratio > max) {
1179                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (max * max + 1);
1180                                         dx = dy * min;
1181                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1182                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1183                                 }
1184                         }
1185                 }
1186                 if(c->minw && w < c->minw)
1187                         w = c->minw;
1188                 if(c->minh && h < c->minh)
1189                         h = c->minh;
1190                 if(c->maxw && w > c->maxw)
1191                         w = c->maxw;
1192                 if(c->maxh && h > c->maxh)
1193                         h = c->maxh;
1194                 if(c->incw)
1195                         w -= (w - c->basew) % c->incw;
1196                 if(c->inch)
1197                         h -= (h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
1198         }
1199         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1200                 return;
1201         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
1202         if(x > sw)
1203                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1204         if(y > sh)
1205                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1206         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1207                 x = sx;
1208         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1209                 y = sy;
1210         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1211                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1212                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1213                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1214                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1215                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1216                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1217                 configure(c);
1218                 XSync(dpy, False);
1219         }
1220 }
1221
1222 static void
1223 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1224         int ocx, ocy;
1225         int nw, nh;
1226         XEvent ev;
1227
1228         ocx = c->x;
1229         ocy = c->y;
1230         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1231                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1232                 return;
1233         c->ismax = False;
1234         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1235         for(;;) {
1236                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1237                 switch(ev.type) {
1238                 case ButtonRelease:
1239                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1240                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1241                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1242                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1243                         return;
1244                 case ConfigureRequest:
1245                 case Expose:
1246                 case MapRequest:
1247                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1248                         break;
1249                 case MotionNotify:
1250                         XSync(dpy, False);
1251                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1252                                 nw = 1;
1253                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1254                                 nh = 1;
1255                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1256                         break;
1257                 }
1258         }
1259 }
1260
1261 static void
1262 restack(void) {
1263         Client *c;
1264         XEvent ev;
1265         XWindowChanges wc;
1266
1267         drawbar();
1268         if(!sel)
1269                 return;
1270         if(sel->isfloating || isarrange(floating))
1271                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1272         if(!isarrange(floating)) {
1273                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1274                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1275                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1276                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1277                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1278                 }
1279                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1280                         if(c == sel)
1281                                 continue;
1282                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1283                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1284                 }
1285         }
1286         XSync(dpy, False);
1287         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1288 }
1289
1290 static void
1291 run(void) {
1292         char *p;
1293         int r, xfd;
1294         fd_set rd;
1295         XEvent ev;
1296
1297         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1298         XSync(dpy, False);
1299         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1300         readin = True;
1301         while(running) {
1302                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1303                 if(readin)
1304                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1305                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1306                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1307                         if(errno == EINTR)
1308                                 continue;
1309                         eprint("select failed\n");
1310                 }
1311                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1312                         switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1313                         case -1:
1314                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1315                                 stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1316                                 readin = False;
1317                                 break;
1318                         case 0:
1319                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1320                                 readin = False;
1321                                 break;
1322                         default:
1323                                 for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1324                                 for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1325                                 if(p > stext)
1326                                         strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1327                         }
1328                         drawbar();
1329                 }
1330                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1331                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1332                         if(handler[ev.type])
1333                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1334                 }
1335         }
1336 }
1337
1338 static void
1339 scan(void) {
1340         unsigned int i, num;
1341         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1342         XWindowAttributes wa;
1343
1344         wins = NULL;
1345         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1346                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1347                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1348                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1349                                 continue;
1350                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1351                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1352                 }
1353                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1354                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1355                                 continue;
1356                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1357                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1358                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1359                 }
1360         }
1361         if(wins)
1362                 XFree(wins);
1363 }
1364
1365 static void
1366 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1367         long data[] = {state, None};
1368
1369         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1370                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1371 }
1372
1373 static void
1374 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1375         unsigned int i;
1376
1377         if(!arg) {
1378                 if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1379                         ltidx = 0;;
1380         }
1381         else {
1382                 for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1383                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1384                                 break;
1385                 if(i == nlayouts)
1386                         return;
1387                 ltidx = i;
1388         }
1389         if(sel)
1390                 arrange();
1391         else
1392                 drawbar();
1393 }
1394
1395 static void
1396 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1397         double delta;
1398
1399         if(!isarrange(tile))
1400                 return;
1401         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1402         if(arg == NULL)
1403                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1404         else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1405                 if(arg[0] != '+' && arg[0] != '-')
1406                         mwfact = delta;
1407                 else
1408                         mwfact += delta;
1409                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1410                         mwfact = 0.1;
1411                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1412                         mwfact = 0.9;
1413         }
1414         arrange();
1415 }
1416
1417 static void
1418 setup(void) {
1419         unsigned int i, j, mask;
1420         Window w;
1421         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1422         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1423
1424         /* init atoms */
1425         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1426         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1427         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1428         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1429         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1430         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1431         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1432                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1433
1434         /* init cursors */
1435         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1436         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1437         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1438
1439         /* init geometry */
1440         sx = sy = 0;
1441         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1442         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1443
1444         /* init modifier map */
1445         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1446         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1447                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1448                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1449                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1450                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1451                 }
1452         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1453
1454         /* select for events */
1455         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1456                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1457         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1458         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1459         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1460
1461         /* grab keys */
1462         keypress(NULL);
1463
1464         /* init tags */
1465         compileregs();
1466         for(ntags = 0; tags[ntags]; ntags++);
1467         seltags = emallocz(sizeof(Bool) * ntags);
1468         seltags[0] = True;
1469
1470         /* init appearance */
1471         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1472         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1473         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1474         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1475         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1476         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1477         initfont(FONT);
1478         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1479
1480         /* init layouts */
1481         mwfact = MWFACT;
1482         nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
1483         for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
1484                 j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1485                 if(j > blw)
1486                         blw = j;
1487         }
1488
1489         /* init bar */
1490         bpos = BARPOS;
1491         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1492         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1493         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1494         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1495                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1496                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1497         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1498         updatebarpos();
1499         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1500         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1501         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1502         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1503         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1504         if(!dc.font.set)
1505                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1506
1507         /* multihead support */
1508         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &i, &i, &i, &i, &mask);
1509 }
1510
1511 static void
1512 spawn(const char *arg) {
1513         static char *shell = NULL;
1514
1515         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1516                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1517         if(!arg)
1518                 return;
1519         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1520          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1521         if(fork() == 0) {
1522                 if(fork() == 0) {
1523                         if(dpy)
1524                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1525                         setsid();
1526                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1527                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1528                         perror(" failed");
1529                 }
1530                 exit(0);
1531         }
1532         wait(0);
1533 }
1534
1535 static void
1536 tag(const char *arg) {
1537         unsigned int i;
1538
1539         if(!sel)
1540                 return;
1541         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1542                 sel->tags[i] = arg == NULL;
1543         i = idxoftag(arg);
1544         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1545                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1546         arrange();
1547 }
1548
1549 static unsigned int
1550 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1551         XRectangle r;
1552
1553         if(dc.font.set) {
1554                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1555                 return r.width;
1556         }
1557         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1558 }
1559
1560 static unsigned int
1561 textw(const char *text) {
1562         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1563 }
1564
1565 static void
1566 tile(void) {
1567         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1568         Client *c;
1569
1570         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1571                 n++;
1572
1573         /* window geoms */
1574         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1575         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1576         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1577                 th = wah;
1578
1579         nx = wax;
1580         ny = way;
1581         for(i = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1582                 c->ismax = False;
1583                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1584                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1585                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1586                 }
1587                 else {  /* tile window */
1588                         if(i == 1) {
1589                                 ny = way;
1590                                 nx += mw;
1591                         }
1592                         nw = waw - mw - 2 * c->border;
1593                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1594                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1595                         else
1596                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1597                 }
1598                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1599                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1600                         ny += nh + 2 * c->border;
1601         }
1602 }
1603
1604 static void
1605 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1606         if(bpos == BarOff)
1607                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1608         else
1609                 bpos = BarOff;
1610         updatebarpos();
1611         arrange();
1612 }
1613
1614 static void
1615 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1616         if(!sel)
1617                 return;
1618         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1619         if(sel->isfloating)
1620                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1621         arrange();
1622 }
1623
1624 static void
1625 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1626         XEvent ev;
1627
1628         if(!sel || (!isarrange(floating) && !sel->isfloating) || sel->isfixed)
1629                 return;
1630         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1631                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1632                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1633                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1634                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1635                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1636         }
1637         else
1638                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1639         drawbar();
1640         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1641 }
1642
1643 static void
1644 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1645         unsigned int i, j;
1646
1647         if(!sel)
1648                 return;
1649         i = idxoftag(arg);
1650         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1651         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1652         if(j == ntags)
1653                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1654         arrange();
1655 }
1656
1657 static void
1658 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1659         unsigned int i, j;
1660
1661         i = idxoftag(arg);
1662         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1663         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !seltags[j]; j++);
1664         if(j == ntags)
1665                 seltags[i] = True; /* cannot toggle last view */
1666         arrange();
1667 }
1668
1669 static void
1670 unban(Client *c) {
1671         if(!c->isbanned)
1672                 return;
1673         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1674         c->isbanned = False;
1675 }
1676
1677 static void
1678 unmanage(Client *c) {
1679         XWindowChanges wc;
1680
1681         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1682         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1683         XGrabServer(dpy);
1684         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1685         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1686         detach(c);
1687         detachstack(c);
1688         if(sel == c)
1689                 focus(NULL);
1690         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1691         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1692         free(c->tags);
1693         free(c);
1694         XSync(dpy, False);
1695         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1696         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1697         arrange();
1698 }
1699
1700 static void
1701 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1702         Client *c;
1703         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1704
1705         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1706                 unmanage(c);
1707 }
1708
1709 static void
1710 updatebarpos(void) {
1711         XEvent ev;
1712
1713         wax = sx;
1714         way = sy;
1715         wah = sh;
1716         waw = sw;
1717         switch(bpos) {
1718         default:
1719                 wah -= bh;
1720                 way += bh;
1721                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1722                 break;
1723         case BarBot:
1724                 wah -= bh;
1725                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1726                 break;
1727         case BarOff:
1728                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1729                 break;
1730         }
1731         XSync(dpy, False);
1732         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1733 }
1734
1735 static void
1736 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1737         long msize;
1738         XSizeHints size;
1739
1740         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1741                 size.flags = PSize;
1742         c->flags = size.flags;
1743         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1744                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1745                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1746         }
1747         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1748                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1749                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1750         }
1751         else
1752                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1753         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1754                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1755                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1756         }
1757         else
1758                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1759         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1760                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1761                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1762         }
1763         else
1764                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1765         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1766                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1767                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1768         }
1769         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1770                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1771                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1772         }
1773         else
1774                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1775         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1776                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1777                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1778                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1779                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1780         }
1781         else
1782                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1783         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1784                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1785 }
1786
1787 static void
1788 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1789         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1790                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1791 }
1792
1793 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1794  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1795  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1796 static int
1797 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1798         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1799         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1800         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1801         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1802         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1803         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1804         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1805         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1806                 return 0;
1807         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1808                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1809         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1810 }
1811
1812 static int
1813 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1814         return 0;
1815 }
1816
1817 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1818  * is already running. */
1819 static int
1820 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1821         otherwm = True;
1822         return -1;
1823 }
1824
1825 static void
1826 view(const char *arg) {
1827         unsigned int i;
1828
1829         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1830                 seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1831         i = idxoftag(arg);
1832         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1833                 seltags[i] = True;
1834         arrange();
1835 }
1836
1837 static void
1838 zoom(const char *arg) {
1839         Client *c;
1840
1841         if(!sel || !isarrange(tile) || sel->isfloating)
1842                 return;
1843         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1844                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1845                         return;
1846         detach(c);
1847         attach(c);
1848         focus(c);
1849         arrange();
1850 }
1851
1852 int
1853 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1854         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1855                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1856         else if(argc != 1)
1857                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1858
1859         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1860         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1861                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1862         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1863         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1864
1865         checkotherwm();
1866         setup();
1867         drawbar();
1868         scan();
1869         run();
1870         cleanup();
1871
1872         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1873         return 0;
1874 }