dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
  21  *
  22  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23  *
  24  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25  */
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <locale.h>
  28 #include <stdarg.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <stdlib.h>
  31 #include <string.h>
  32 #include <unistd.h>
  33 #include <sys/select.h>
  34 #include <sys/types.h>
  35 #include <sys/wait.h>
  36 #include <regex.h>
  37 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  38 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  39 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  40 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  42 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  43
  44 /* macros */
  45 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  46 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  47 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  48 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  49 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  50
  51
  52 /* enums */
  53 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  54 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  55 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  56 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  57 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  58
  59 /* typedefs */
  60 typedef struct Client Client;
  61 struct Client {
  62         char name[256];
  63         int x, y, w, h;
  64         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  65         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  66         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  67         long flags;
  68         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  69         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
  70         Bool *tags;
  71         Client *next;
  72         Client *prev;
  73         Client *snext;
  74         Window win;
  75 };
  76
  77 typedef struct {
  78         int x, y, w, h;
  79         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  80         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  81         Drawable drawable;
  82         GC gc;
  83         struct {
  84                 int ascent;
  85                 int descent;
  86                 int height;
  87                 XFontSet set;
  88                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  89         } font;
  90 } DC; /* draw context */
  91
  92 typedef struct {
  93         unsigned long mod;
  94         KeySym keysym;
  95         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  96         const char *arg;
  97 } Key;
  98
  99 typedef struct {
 100         const char *symbol;
 101         void (*arrange)(void);
 102 } Layout;
 103
 104 typedef struct {
 105         const char *prop;
 106         const char *tags;
 107         Bool isfloating;
 108 } Rule;
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         regex_t *propregex;
 112         regex_t *tagregex;
 113 } Regs;
 114
 115 /* function declarations */
 116 void applyrules(Client *c);
 117 void arrange(void);
 118 void attach(Client *c);
 119 void attachstack(Client *c);
 120 void ban(Client *c);
 121 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 122 void checkotherwm(void);
 123 void cleanup(void);
 124 void compileregs(void);
 125 void configure(Client *c);
 126 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 127 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 128 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 129 void detach(Client *c);
 130 void detachstack(Client *c);
 131 void drawbar(void);
 132 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 134 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 135 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 136 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 137 void expose(XEvent *e);
 138 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 139 void focus(Client *c);
 140 void focusin(XEvent *e);
 141 void focusnext(const char *arg);
 142 void focusprev(const char *arg);
 143 Client *getclient(Window w);
 144 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 145 long getstate(Window w);
 146 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 147 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 148 void grabkeys(void);
 149 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 150 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 151 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 152 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 153 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 154 void keypress(XEvent *e);
 155 void killclient(const char *arg);
 156 void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 157 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 158 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 159 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 160 void movemouse(Client *c);
 161 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 162 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 163 void quit(const char *arg);
 164 void reapply(const char *arg);
 165 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 166 void resizemouse(Client *c);
 167 void restack(void);
 168 void run(void);
 169 void scan(void);
 170 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 171 void setlayout(const char *arg);
 172 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 173 void setup(void);
 174 void spawn(const char *arg);
 175 void tag(const char *arg);
 176 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 177 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 178 void tile(void);
 179 void togglebar(const char *arg);
 180 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 181 void togglemax(const char *arg);
 182 void toggletag(const char *arg);
 183 void toggleview(const char *arg);
 184 void unban(Client *c);
 185 void unmanage(Client *c);
 186 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 187 void updatebarpos(void);
 188 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 189 void updatetitle(Client *c);
 190 void view(const char *arg);
 191 void viewprevtag(const char *arg);      /* views previous selected tags */
 192 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 193 int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 194 int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 195 void zoom(const char *arg);
 196
 197 /* variables */
 198 char stext[256];
 199 double mwfact;
 200 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 201 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 202 unsigned int bh, bpos;
 203 unsigned int blw = 0;
 204 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 205 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 206         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 207         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 208         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 209         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 210         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 211         [Expose] = expose,
 212         [FocusIn] = focusin,
 213         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 214         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 215         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 216         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 217         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 218         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 219 };
 220 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 221 Bool domwfact = True;
 222 Bool dozoom = True;
 223 Bool otherwm, readin;
 224 Bool running = True;
 225 Bool selscreen = True;
 226 Client *clients = NULL;
 227 Client *sel = NULL;
 228 Client *stack = NULL;
 229 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 230 Display *dpy;
 231 DC dc = {0};
 232 Layout *layout = NULL;
 233 Window barwin, root;
 234 Regs *regs = NULL;
 235
 236 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 237 #include "config.h"
 238
 239 Bool prevtags[LENGTH(tags)];
 240
 241 /* function implementations */
 242 void
 243 applyrules(Client *c) {
 244         static char buf[512];
 245         unsigned int i, j;
 246         regmatch_t tmp;
 247         Bool matched = False;
 248         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 249
 250         /* rule matching */
 251         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 252         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 253                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 254                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 255         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++)
 256                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 257                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 258                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < LENGTH(tags); j++) {
 259                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 260                                         matched = True;
 261                                         c->tags[j] = True;
 262                                 }
 263                         }
 264                 }
 265         if(ch.res_class)
 266                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 267         if(ch.res_name)
 268                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 269         if(!matched)
 270                 memcpy(c->tags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
 271 }
 272
 273 void
 274 arrange(void) {
 275         Client *c;
 276
 277         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 278                 if(isvisible(c))
 279                         unban(c);
 280                 else
 281                         ban(c);
 282         layout->arrange();
 283         focus(NULL);
 284         restack();
 285 }
 286
 287 void
 288 attach(Client *c) {
 289         if(clients)
 290                 clients->prev = c;
 291         c->next = clients;
 292         clients = c;
 293 }
 294
 295 void
 296 attachstack(Client *c) {
 297         c->snext = stack;
 298         stack = c;
 299 }
 300
 301 void
 302 ban(Client *c) {
 303         if(c->isbanned)
 304                 return;
 305         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 306         c->isbanned = True;
 307 }
 308
 309 void
 310 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 311         unsigned int i, x;
 312         Client *c;
 313         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 314
 315         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 316                 x = 0;
 317                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 318                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 319                         if(ev->x < x) {
 320                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 321                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 322                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 323                                         else
 324                                                 view(tags[i]);
 325                                 }
 326                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 327                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 328                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 329                                         else
 330                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 331                                 }
 332                                 return;
 333                         }
 334                 }
 335                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 336                         setlayout(NULL);
 337         }
 338         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 339                 focus(c);
 340                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 341                         return;
 342                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 343                         if((layout->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
 344                                 restack();
 345                         else
 346                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 347                         movemouse(c);
 348                 }
 349                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 350                         if((floating != layout->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 351                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 352                         else
 353                                 zoom(NULL);
 354                 }
 355                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 356                         if((floating == layout->arrange) || c->isfloating)
 357                                 restack();
 358                         else
 359                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 360                         resizemouse(c);
 361                 }
 362         }
 363 }
 364
 365 void
 366 checkotherwm(void) {
 367         otherwm = False;
 368         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 369
 370         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 371         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 372         XSync(dpy, False);
 373         if(otherwm)
 374                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 375         XSync(dpy, False);
 376         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 377         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 378         XSync(dpy, False);
 379 }
 380
 381 void
 382 cleanup(void) {
 383         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 384         while(stack) {
 385                 unban(stack);
 386                 unmanage(stack);
 387         }
 388         if(dc.font.set)
 389                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 390         else
 391                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 392         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 393         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 394         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 395         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 396         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 397         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 398         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 399         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 400         XSync(dpy, False);
 401 }
 402
 403 void
 404 compileregs(void) {
 405         unsigned int i;
 406         regex_t *reg;
 407
 408         if(regs)
 409                 return;
 410         regs = emallocz(LENGTH(rules) * sizeof(Regs));
 411         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 412                 if(rules[i].prop) {
 413                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 414                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 415                                 free(reg);
 416                         else
 417                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
 418                 }
 419                 if(rules[i].tags) {
 420                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 421                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 422                                 free(reg);
 423                         else
 424                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 425                 }
 426         }
 427 }
 428
 429 void
 430 configure(Client *c) {
 431         XConfigureEvent ce;
 432
 433         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 434         ce.display = dpy;
 435         ce.event = c->win;
 436         ce.window = c->win;
 437         ce.x = c->x;
 438         ce.y = c->y;
 439         ce.width = c->w;
 440         ce.height = c->h;
 441         ce.border_width = c->border;
 442         ce.above = None;
 443         ce.override_redirect = False;
 444         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 445 }
 446
 447 void
 448 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 449         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 450
 451         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 452                 sw = ev->width;
 453                 sh = ev->height;
 454                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 455                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 456                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 457                 updatebarpos();
 458                 arrange();
 459         }
 460 }
 461
 462 void
 463 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 464         Client *c;
 465         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 466         XWindowChanges wc;
 467
 468         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 469                 c->ismax = False;
 470                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 471                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 472                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == layout->arrange)) {
 473                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 474                                 c->x = ev->x;
 475                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 476                                 c->y = ev->y;
 477                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 478                                 c->w = ev->width;
 479                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 480                                 c->h = ev->height;
 481                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 482                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 483                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 484                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 485                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 486                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 487                                 configure(c);
 488                         if(isvisible(c))
 489                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 490                 }
 491                 else
 492                         configure(c);
 493         }
 494         else {
 495                 wc.x = ev->x;
 496                 wc.y = ev->y;
 497                 wc.width = ev->width;
 498                 wc.height = ev->height;
 499                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 500                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 501                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 502                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 503         }
 504         XSync(dpy, False);
 505 }
 506
 507 void
 508 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 509         Client *c;
 510         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 511
 512         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 513                 unmanage(c);
 514 }
 515
 516 void
 517 detach(Client *c) {
 518         if(c->prev)
 519                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 520         if(c->next)
 521                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 522         if(c == clients)
 523                 clients = c->next;
 524         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 525 }
 526
 527 void
 528 detachstack(Client *c) {
 529         Client **tc;
 530
 531         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 532         *tc = c->snext;
 533 }
 534
 535 void
 536 drawbar(void) {
 537         int i, x;
 538
 539         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 540         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 541                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 542                 if(seltags[i]) {
 543                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 544                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 545                 }
 546                 else {
 547                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 548                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 549                 }
 550                 dc.x += dc.w;
 551         }
 552         dc.w = blw;
 553         drawtext(layout->symbol, dc.norm);
 554         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 555         dc.w = textw(stext);
 556         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 557         if(dc.x < x) {
 558                 dc.x = x;
 559                 dc.w = sw - x;
 560         }
 561         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 562         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 563                 dc.x = x;
 564                 if(sel) {
 565                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 566                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 567                 }
 568                 else
 569                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 570         }
 571         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 572         XSync(dpy, False);
 573 }
 574
 575 void
 576 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 577         int x;
 578         XGCValues gcv;
 579         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 580
 581         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 582         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 583         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 584         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 585         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 586         if(filled) {
 587                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 588                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 589         }
 590         else if(empty) {
 591                 r.width = r.height = x;
 592                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 593         }
 594 }
 595
 596 void
 597 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 598         int x, y, w, h;
 599         static char buf[256];
 600         unsigned int len, olen;
 601         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 602
 603         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 604         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 605         if(!text)
 606                 return;
 607         w = 0;
 608         olen = len = strlen(text);
 609         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 610                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 611         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 612         buf[len] = 0;
 613         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 614         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 615         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 616         /* shorten text if necessary */
 617         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 618                 buf[--len] = 0;
 619         if(len < olen) {
 620                 if(len > 1)
 621                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 622                 if(len > 2)
 623                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 624                 if(len > 3)
 625                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 626         }
 627         if(w > dc.w)
 628                 return; /* too long */
 629         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 630         if(dc.font.set)
 631                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 632         else
 633                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 634 }
 635
 636 void *
 637 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 638         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 639
 640         if(!res)
 641                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 642         return res;
 643 }
 644
 645 void
 646 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 647         Client *c;
 648         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 649
 650         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 651                 return;
 652         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 653                 focus(c);
 654         else if(ev->window == root) {
 655                 selscreen = True;
 656                 focus(NULL);
 657         }
 658 }
 659
 660 void
 661 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 662         va_list ap;
 663
 664         va_start(ap, errstr);
 665         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 666         va_end(ap);
 667         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 668 }
 669
 670 void
 671 expose(XEvent *e) {
 672         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 673
 674         if(ev->count == 0) {
 675                 if(ev->window == barwin)
 676                         drawbar();
 677         }
 678 }
 679
 680 void
 681 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 682         Client *c;
 683
 684         domwfact = dozoom = False;
 685         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 686                 if(isvisible(c))
 687                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 688 }
 689
 690 void
 691 focus(Client *c) {
 692         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 693                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 694         if(sel && sel != c) {
 695                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 696                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 697         }
 698         if(c) {
 699                 detachstack(c);
 700                 attachstack(c);
 701                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 702         }
 703         sel = c;
 704         drawbar();
 705         if(!selscreen)
 706                 return;
 707         if(c) {
 708                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 709                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 710         }
 711         else
 712                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 713 }
 714
 715 void
 716 focusin(XEvent *e) { /* there are some broken focus acquiring clients */
 717         XFocusChangeEvent *ev = &e->xfocus;
 718
 719         if(sel && ev->window != sel->win)
 720                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, sel->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 721 }
 722
 723 void
 724 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 725         Client *c;
 726
 727         if(!sel)
 728                 return;
 729         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 730         if(!c)
 731                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 732         if(c) {
 733                 focus(c);
 734                 restack();
 735         }
 736 }
 737
 738 void
 739 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 740         Client *c;
 741
 742         if(!sel)
 743                 return;
 744         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 745         if(!c) {
 746                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 747                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 748         }
 749         if(c) {
 750                 focus(c);
 751                 restack();
 752         }
 753 }
 754
 755 Client *
 756 getclient(Window w) {
 757         Client *c;
 758
 759         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 760         return c;
 761 }
 762
 763 unsigned long
 764 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 765         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 766         XColor color;
 767
 768         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 769                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 770         return color.pixel;
 771 }
 772
 773 long
 774 getstate(Window w) {
 775         int format, status;
 776         long result = -1;
 777         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 778         unsigned long n, extra;
 779         Atom real;
 780
 781         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 782                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 783         if(status != Success)
 784                 return -1;
 785         if(n != 0)
 786                 result = *p;
 787         XFree(p);
 788         return result;
 789 }
 790
 791 Bool
 792 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 793         char **list = NULL;
 794         int n;
 795         XTextProperty name;
 796
 797         if(!text || size == 0)
 798                 return False;
 799         text[0] = '\0';
 800         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 801         if(!name.nitems)
 802                 return False;
 803         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 804                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 805         else {
 806                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 807                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 808                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 809                         XFreeStringList(list);
 810                 }
 811         }
 812         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 813         XFree(name.value);
 814         return True;
 815 }
 816
 817 void
 818 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 819         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 820
 821         if(focused) {
 822                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 823                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 824                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 825                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 826                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 827                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 828                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 829                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 830
 831                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 832                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 833                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 834                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 835                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 836                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 837                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 838                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 839
 840                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 841                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 842                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 843                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 844                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 845                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 846                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 847                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 848         }
 849         else
 850                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 851                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 852 }
 853
 854 void
 855 grabkeys(void)  {
 856         unsigned int i;
 857         KeyCode code;
 858
 859         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 860         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 861                 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 862                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 863                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 864                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 865                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 866                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 867                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 868                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 869                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 870         }
 871 }
 872
 873 unsigned int
 874 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 875         unsigned int i;
 876
 877         for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != tag); i++);
 878         return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 879 }
 880
 881 void
 882 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 883         char *def, **missing;
 884         int i, n;
 885
 886         missing = NULL;
 887         if(dc.font.set)
 888                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 889         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 890         if(missing) {
 891                 while(n--)
 892                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 893                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 894         }
 895         if(dc.font.set) {
 896                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 897                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 898                 char **font_names;
 899                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 900                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 901                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 902                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 903                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 904                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 905                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 906                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 907                         xfonts++;
 908                 }
 909         }
 910         else {
 911                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 912                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 913                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 914                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 915                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 916                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 917                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 918                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 919         }
 920         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 921 }
 922
 923 Bool
 924 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 925         Client *c;
 926
 927         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 928                 if(c->tags[t])
 929                         return True;
 930         return False;
 931 }
 932
 933 Bool
 934 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 935         int i, n;
 936         Atom *protocols;
 937         Bool ret = False;
 938
 939         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 940                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 941                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 942                                 ret = True;
 943                 XFree(protocols);
 944         }
 945         return ret;
 946 }
 947
 948 Bool
 949 isvisible(Client *c) {
 950         unsigned int i;
 951
 952         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 953                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 954                         return True;
 955         return False;
 956 }
 957
 958 void
 959 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 960         unsigned int i;
 961         KeySym keysym;
 962         XKeyEvent *ev;
 963
 964         ev = &e->xkey;
 965         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 966         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 967                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 968                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 969                 {
 970                         if(keys[i].func)
 971                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 972                 }
 973 }
 974
 975 void
 976 killclient(const char *arg) {
 977         XEvent ev;
 978
 979         if(!sel)
 980                 return;
 981         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 982                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 983                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 984                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 985                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 986                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 987                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 988                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 989         }
 990         else
 991                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 992 }
 993
 994 void
 995 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 996         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 997
 998         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 999                 selscreen = False;
1000                 focus(NULL);
1001         }
1002 }
1003
1004 void
1005 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1006         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1007         Window trans;
1008         Status rettrans;
1009         XWindowChanges wc;
1010
1011         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1012         c->tags = emallocz(sizeof seltags);
1013         c->win = w;
1014         c->x = wa->x;
1015         c->y = wa->y;
1016         c->w = wa->width;
1017         c->h = wa->height;
1018         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1019         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1020                 c->x = sx;
1021                 c->y = sy;
1022                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1023         }
1024         else {
1025                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1026                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1027                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1028                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1029                 if(c->x < wax)
1030                         c->x = wax;
1031                 if(c->y < way)
1032                         c->y = way;
1033                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1034         }
1035         wc.border_width = c->border;
1036         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1037         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1038         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1039         updatesizehints(c);
1040         XSelectInput(dpy, w, EnterWindowMask | FocusChangeMask | PropertyChangeMask | StructureNotifyMask);
1041         grabbuttons(c, False);
1042         updatetitle(c);
1043         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1044                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1045         if(t)
1046                 memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, sizeof seltags);
1047         applyrules(c);
1048         if(!c->isfloating)
1049                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1050         attach(c);
1051         attachstack(c);
1052         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1053         ban(c);
1054         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1055         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1056         arrange();
1057 }
1058
1059 void
1060 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1061         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1062
1063         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1064         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1065                 grabkeys();
1066 }
1067
1068 void
1069 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1070         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1071         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1072
1073         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1074                 return;
1075         if(wa.override_redirect)
1076                 return;
1077         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1078                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1079 }
1080
1081 void
1082 movemouse(Client *c) {
1083         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1084         unsigned int dui;
1085         Window dummy;
1086         XEvent ev;
1087
1088         ocx = nx = c->x;
1089         ocy = ny = c->y;
1090         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1091                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1092                 return;
1093         c->ismax = False;
1094         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1095         for(;;) {
1096                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1097                 switch (ev.type) {
1098                 case ButtonRelease:
1099                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1100                         return;
1101                 case ConfigureRequest:
1102                 case Expose:
1103                 case MapRequest:
1104                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1105                         break;
1106                 case MotionNotify:
1107                         XSync(dpy, False);
1108                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1109                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1110                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1111                                 nx = wax;
1112                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1113                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1114                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1115                                 ny = way;
1116                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1117                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1118                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1119                         break;
1120                 }
1121         }
1122 }
1123
1124 Client *
1125 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1126         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1127         return c;
1128 }
1129
1130 void
1131 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1132         Client *c;
1133         Window trans;
1134         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1135
1136         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1137                 return; /* ignore */
1138         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1139                 switch (ev->atom) {
1140                         default: break;
1141                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1142                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1143                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1144                                         arrange();
1145                                 break;
1146                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1147                                 updatesizehints(c);
1148                                 break;
1149                 }
1150                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1151                         updatetitle(c);
1152                         if(c == sel)
1153                                 drawbar();
1154                 }
1155         }
1156 }
1157
1158 void
1159 quit(const char *arg) {
1160         readin = running = False;
1161 }
1162
1163 void
1164 reapply(const char *arg) {
1165         static Bool zerotags[LENGTH(tags)] = { 0 };
1166         Client *c;
1167
1168         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next) {
1169                 memcpy(c->tags, zerotags, sizeof zerotags);
1170                 applyrules(c);
1171         }
1172         arrange();
1173 }
1174
1175 void
1176 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1177         XWindowChanges wc;
1178
1179         if(sizehints) {
1180                 /* set minimum possible */
1181                 if (w < 1)
1182                         w = 1;
1183                 if (h < 1)
1184                         h = 1;
1185
1186                 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1187                 w -= c->basew;
1188                 h -= c->baseh;
1189
1190                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1191                 if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1192                         if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1193                                 w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1194                         else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1195                                 h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1196                 }
1197
1198                 /* adjust for increment value */
1199                 if(c->incw)
1200                         w -= w % c->incw;
1201                 if(c->inch)
1202                         h -= h % c->inch;
1203
1204                 /* restore base dimensions */
1205                 w += c->basew;
1206                 h += c->baseh;
1207
1208                 if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1209                         w = c->minw;
1210                 if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1211                         h = c->minh;
1212                 if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1213                         w = c->maxw;
1214                 if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1215                         h = c->maxh;
1216         }
1217         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1218                 return;
1219         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
1220         if(x > sw)
1221                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1222         if(y > sh)
1223                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1224         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1225                 x = sx;
1226         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1227                 y = sy;
1228         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1229                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1230                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1231                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1232                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1233                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1234                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1235                 configure(c);
1236                 XSync(dpy, False);
1237         }
1238 }
1239
1240 void
1241 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1242         int ocx, ocy;
1243         int nw, nh;
1244         XEvent ev;
1245
1246         ocx = c->x;
1247         ocy = c->y;
1248         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1249                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1250                 return;
1251         c->ismax = False;
1252         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1253         for(;;) {
1254                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1255                 switch(ev.type) {
1256                 case ButtonRelease:
1257                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1258                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1259                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1260                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1261                         return;
1262                 case ConfigureRequest:
1263                 case Expose:
1264                 case MapRequest:
1265                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1266                         break;
1267                 case MotionNotify:
1268                         XSync(dpy, False);
1269                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1270                                 nw = 1;
1271                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1272                                 nh = 1;
1273                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1274                         break;
1275                 }
1276         }
1277 }
1278
1279 void
1280 restack(void) {
1281         Client *c;
1282         XEvent ev;
1283         XWindowChanges wc;
1284
1285         drawbar();
1286         if(!sel)
1287                 return;
1288         if(sel->isfloating || (layout->arrange == floating))
1289                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1290         if(layout->arrange != floating) {
1291                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1292                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1293                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1294                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1295                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1296                 }
1297                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1298                         if(c == sel)
1299                                 continue;
1300                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1301                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1302                 }
1303         }
1304         XSync(dpy, False);
1305         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1306 }
1307
1308 void
1309 run(void) {
1310         char *p;
1311         char buf[sizeof stext];
1312         fd_set rd;
1313         int r, xfd;
1314         unsigned int len, offset;
1315         XEvent ev;
1316
1317         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1318         XSync(dpy, False);
1319         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1320         readin = True;
1321         offset = 0;
1322         len = sizeof stext - 1;
1323         buf[len] = stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1324         while(running) {
1325                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1326                 if(readin)
1327                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1328                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1329                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1330                         if(errno == EINTR)
1331                                 continue;
1332                         eprint("select failed\n");
1333                 }
1334                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1335                         switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, buf + offset, len - offset))) {
1336                         case -1:
1337                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1338                                 readin = False;
1339                                 break;
1340                         case 0:
1341                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1342                                 readin = False;
1343                                 break;
1344                         default:
1345                                 for(p = buf + offset; r > 0; p++, r--, offset++)
1346                                         if(*p == '\n' || *p == '\0') {
1347                                                 *p = '\0';
1348                                                 strncpy(stext, buf, len);
1349                                                 p += r - 1; /* p is buf + offset + r - 1 */
1350                                                 for(r = 0; *(p - r) && *(p - r) != '\n'; r++);
1351                                                 offset = r;
1352                                                 if(r)
1353                                                         memmove(buf, p - r + 1, r);
1354                                                 break;
1355                                         }
1356                                 break;
1357                         }
1358                         drawbar();
1359                 }
1360                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1361                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1362                         if(handler[ev.type])
1363                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1364                 }
1365         }
1366 }
1367
1368 void
1369 scan(void) {
1370         unsigned int i, num;
1371         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1372         XWindowAttributes wa;
1373
1374         wins = NULL;
1375         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1376                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1377                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1378                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1379                                 continue;
1380                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1381                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1382                 }
1383                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1384                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1385                                 continue;
1386                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1387                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1388                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1389                 }
1390         }
1391         if(wins)
1392                 XFree(wins);
1393 }
1394
1395 void
1396 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1397         long data[] = {state, None};
1398
1399         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1400                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1401 }
1402
1403 void
1404 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1405         unsigned int i;
1406
1407         if(!arg) {
1408                 if(++layout == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1409                         layout = &layouts[0];
1410         }
1411         else {
1412                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1413                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1414                                 break;
1415                 if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1416                         return;
1417                 layout = &layouts[i];
1418         }
1419         if(sel)
1420                 arrange();
1421         else
1422                 drawbar();
1423 }
1424
1425 void
1426 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1427         double delta;
1428
1429         if(!domwfact)
1430                 return;
1431         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1432         if(arg == NULL)
1433                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1434         else if(sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta) == 1) {
1435                 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1436                         mwfact += delta;
1437                 else
1438                         mwfact = delta;
1439                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1440                         mwfact = 0.1;
1441                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1442                         mwfact = 0.9;
1443         }
1444         arrange();
1445 }
1446
1447 void
1448 setup(void) {
1449         int d;
1450         unsigned int i, j, mask;
1451         Window w;
1452         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1453         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1454
1455         /* init atoms */
1456         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1457         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1458         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1459         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1460         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1461         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1462         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1463                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1464
1465         /* init cursors */
1466         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1467         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1468         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1469
1470         /* init geometry */
1471         sx = sy = 0;
1472         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1473         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1474
1475         /* init modifier map */
1476         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1477         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1478                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1479                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1480                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1481                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1482                 }
1483         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1484
1485         /* select for events */
1486         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1487                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1488         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1489         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1490         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1491
1492         /* grab keys */
1493         grabkeys();
1494
1495         /* init tags */
1496         memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1497         compileregs();
1498
1499         /* init appearance */
1500         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1501         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1502         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1503         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1504         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1505         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1506         initfont(FONT);
1507         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1508
1509         /* init layouts */
1510         mwfact = MWFACT;
1511         layout = &layouts[0];
1512         for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1513                 j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1514                 if(j > blw)
1515                         blw = j;
1516         }
1517
1518         /* init bar */
1519         bpos = BARPOS;
1520         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1521         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1522         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1523         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1524                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1525                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1526         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1527         updatebarpos();
1528         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1529         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1530         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1531         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1532         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1533         if(!dc.font.set)
1534                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1535
1536         /* multihead support */
1537         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1538
1539 }
1540
1541 void
1542 spawn(const char *arg) {
1543         static char *shell = NULL;
1544
1545         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1546                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1547         if(!arg)
1548                 return;
1549         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1550          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1551         if(fork() == 0) {
1552                 if(fork() == 0) {
1553                         if(dpy)
1554                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1555                         setsid();
1556                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1557                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1558                         perror(" failed");
1559                 }
1560                 exit(0);
1561         }
1562         wait(0);
1563 }
1564
1565 void
1566 tag(const char *arg) {
1567         unsigned int i;
1568
1569         if(!sel)
1570                 return;
1571         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1572                 sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1573         sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1574         arrange();
1575 }
1576
1577 unsigned int
1578 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1579         XRectangle r;
1580
1581         if(dc.font.set) {
1582                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1583                 return r.width;
1584         }
1585         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1586 }
1587
1588 unsigned int
1589 textw(const char *text) {
1590         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1591 }
1592
1593 void
1594 tile(void) {
1595         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1596         Client *c, *mc;
1597
1598         domwfact = dozoom = True;
1599         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1600                 n++;
1601
1602         /* window geoms */
1603         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1604         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1605         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1606                 th = wah;
1607
1608         nx = wax;
1609         ny = way;
1610         nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1611         for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1612                 c->ismax = False;
1613                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1614                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1615                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1616                 }
1617                 else {  /* tile window */
1618                         if(i == 1) {
1619                                 ny = way;
1620                                 nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1621                                 nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1622                         }
1623                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1624                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1625                         else
1626                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1627                 }
1628                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1629                 if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1630                         /* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1631                         resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1632                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1633                         ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1634         }
1635 }
1636
1637 void
1638 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1639         if(bpos == BarOff)
1640                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1641         else
1642                 bpos = BarOff;
1643         updatebarpos();
1644         arrange();
1645 }
1646
1647 void
1648 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1649         if(!sel)
1650                 return;
1651         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1652         if(sel->isfloating)
1653                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1654         arrange();
1655 }
1656
1657 void
1658 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1659         XEvent ev;
1660
1661         if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1662                 return;
1663         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1664                 if((layout->arrange == floating) || sel->isfloating)
1665                         sel->wasfloating = True;
1666                 else {
1667                         togglefloating(NULL);
1668                         sel->wasfloating = False;
1669                 }
1670                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1671                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1672                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1673                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1674                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1675         }
1676         else {
1677                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1678                 if(!sel->wasfloating)
1679                         togglefloating(NULL);
1680         }
1681         drawbar();
1682         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1683 }
1684
1685 void
1686 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1687         unsigned int i, j;
1688
1689         if(!sel)
1690                 return;
1691         i = idxoftag(arg);
1692         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1693         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1694         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1695                 sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1696         arrange();
1697 }
1698
1699 void
1700 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1701         unsigned int i, j;
1702
1703         i = idxoftag(arg);
1704         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1705         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1706         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1707                 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1708         arrange();
1709 }
1710
1711 void
1712 unban(Client *c) {
1713         if(!c->isbanned)
1714                 return;
1715         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1716         c->isbanned = False;
1717 }
1718
1719 void
1720 unmanage(Client *c) {
1721         XWindowChanges wc;
1722
1723         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1724         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1725         XGrabServer(dpy);
1726         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1727         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1728         detach(c);
1729         detachstack(c);
1730         if(sel == c)
1731                 focus(NULL);
1732         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1733         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1734         free(c->tags);
1735         free(c);
1736         XSync(dpy, False);
1737         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1738         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1739         arrange();
1740 }
1741
1742 void
1743 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1744         Client *c;
1745         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1746
1747         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1748                 unmanage(c);
1749 }
1750
1751 void
1752 updatebarpos(void) {
1753         XEvent ev;
1754
1755         wax = sx;
1756         way = sy;
1757         wah = sh;
1758         waw = sw;
1759         switch(bpos) {
1760         default:
1761                 wah -= bh;
1762                 way += bh;
1763                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1764                 break;
1765         case BarBot:
1766                 wah -= bh;
1767                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1768                 break;
1769         case BarOff:
1770                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1771                 break;
1772         }
1773         XSync(dpy, False);
1774         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1775 }
1776
1777 void
1778 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1779         long msize;
1780         XSizeHints size;
1781
1782         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1783                 size.flags = PSize;
1784         c->flags = size.flags;
1785         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1786                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1787                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1788         }
1789         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1790                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1791                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1792         }
1793         else
1794                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1795         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1796                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1797                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1798         }
1799         else
1800                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1801         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1802                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1803                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1804         }
1805         else
1806                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1807         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1808                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1809                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1810         }
1811         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1812                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1813                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1814         }
1815         else
1816                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1817         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1818                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1819                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1820                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1821                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1822         }
1823         else
1824                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1825         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1826                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1827 }
1828
1829 void
1830 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1831         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1832                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1833 }
1834
1835 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1836  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1837  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1838 int
1839 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1840         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1841         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1842         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1843         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1844         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1845         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1846         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1847         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1848                 return 0;
1849         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1850                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1851         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1852 }
1853
1854 int
1855 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1856         return 0;
1857 }
1858
1859 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1860  * is already running. */
1861 int
1862 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1863         otherwm = True;
1864         return -1;
1865 }
1866
1867 void
1868 view(const char *arg) {
1869         unsigned int i;
1870
1871         memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1872         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1873                 seltags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1874         seltags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1875         arrange();
1876 }
1877
1878 void
1879 viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1880         static Bool tmp[LENGTH(tags)];
1881
1882         memcpy(tmp, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1883         memcpy(seltags, prevtags, sizeof seltags);
1884         memcpy(prevtags, tmp, sizeof seltags);
1885         arrange();
1886 }
1887
1888 void
1889 zoom(const char *arg) {
1890         Client *c;
1891
1892         if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1893                 return;
1894         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1895                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1896                         return;
1897         detach(c);
1898         attach(c);
1899         focus(c);
1900         arrange();
1901 }
1902
1903 int
1904 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1905         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1906                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 Anselm R. Garbe, Sander van Dijk, "
1907                        "Jukka Salmi, Premysl Hruby, Szabolcs Nagy\n");
1908         else if(argc != 1)
1909                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1910
1911         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1912         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1913                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1914         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1915         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1916
1917         checkotherwm();
1918         setup();
1919         drawbar();
1920         scan();
1921         run();
1922         cleanup();
1923
1924         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1925         return 0;
1926 }