dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.
  21  *
  22  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  23  *
  24  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  25  */
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <locale.h>
  28 #include <stdarg.h>
  29 #include <stdio.h>
  30 #include <stdlib.h>
  31 #include <string.h>
  32 #include <unistd.h>
  33 #include <sys/select.h>
  34 #include <sys/types.h>
  35 #include <sys/wait.h>
  36 #include <regex.h>
  37 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  38 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  39 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  40 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  42 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  43
  44 /* macros */
  45 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  46 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  47 #define LENGTH(x)               (sizeof x / sizeof x[0])
  48 #define MAXTAGLEN               16
  49 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  50
  51
  52 /* enums */
  53 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  54 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  55 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  56 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  57 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  58
  59 /* typedefs */
  60 typedef struct Client Client;
  61 struct Client {
  62         char name[256];
  63         int x, y, w, h;
  64         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
  65         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
  66         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
  67         long flags;
  68         unsigned int border, oldborder;
  69         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
  70         Bool *tags;
  71         Client *next;
  72         Client *prev;
  73         Client *snext;
  74         Window win;
  75 };
  76
  77 typedef struct {
  78         int x, y, w, h;
  79         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  80         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  81         Drawable drawable;
  82         GC gc;
  83         struct {
  84                 int ascent;
  85                 int descent;
  86                 int height;
  87                 XFontSet set;
  88                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  89         } font;
  90 } DC; /* draw context */
  91
  92 typedef struct {
  93         unsigned long mod;
  94         KeySym keysym;
  95         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  96         const char *arg;
  97 } Key;
  98
  99 typedef struct {
 100         const char *symbol;
 101         void (*arrange)(void);
 102 } Layout;
 103
 104 typedef struct {
 105         const char *prop;
 106         const char *tags;
 107         Bool isfloating;
 108 } Rule;
 109
 110 typedef struct {
 111         regex_t *propregex;
 112         regex_t *tagregex;
 113 } Regs;
 114
 115 /* function declarations */
 116 void applyrules(Client *c);
 117 void arrange(void);
 118 void attach(Client *c);
 119 void attachstack(Client *c);
 120 void ban(Client *c);
 121 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 122 void checkotherwm(void);
 123 void cleanup(void);
 124 void compileregs(void);
 125 void configure(Client *c);
 126 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 127 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 128 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 129 void detach(Client *c);
 130 void detachstack(Client *c);
 131 void drawbar(void);
 132 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 133 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 134 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 135 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 136 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 137 void expose(XEvent *e);
 138 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 139 void focus(Client *c);
 140 void focusnext(const char *arg);
 141 void focusprev(const char *arg);
 142 Client *getclient(Window w);
 143 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 144 long getstate(Window w);
 145 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 146 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 147 void grabkeys(void);
 148 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 149 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 150 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 151 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 152 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 153 void keypress(XEvent *e);
 154 void killclient(const char *arg);
 155 void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 156 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 157 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 158 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 159 void movemouse(Client *c);
 160 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 161 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 162 void quit(const char *arg);
 163 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 164 void resizemouse(Client *c);
 165 void restack(void);
 166 void run(void);
 167 void scan(void);
 168 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 169 void setlayout(const char *arg);
 170 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 171 void setup(void);
 172 void spawn(const char *arg);
 173 void tag(const char *arg);
 174 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 175 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 176 void tile(void);
 177 void togglebar(const char *arg);
 178 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 179 void togglemax(const char *arg);
 180 void toggletag(const char *arg);
 181 void toggleview(const char *arg);
 182 void unban(Client *c);
 183 void unmanage(Client *c);
 184 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 185 void updatebarpos(void);
 186 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 187 void updatetitle(Client *c);
 188 void view(const char *arg);
 189 void viewprevtag(const char *arg);      /* views previous selected tags */
 190 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 191 int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 192 int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 193 void zoom(const char *arg);
 194
 195 /* variables */
 196 char stext[256];
 197 double mwfact;
 198 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 199 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 200 unsigned int bh, bpos;
 201 unsigned int blw = 0;
 202 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 203 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 204         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 205         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 206         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 207         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 208         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 209         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 210         [Expose] = expose,
 211         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 212         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 213         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 214         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 215         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 216 };
 217 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 218 Bool domwfact = True;
 219 Bool dozoom = True;
 220 Bool otherwm, readin;
 221 Bool running = True;
 222 Bool selscreen = True;
 223 Client *clients = NULL;
 224 Client *sel = NULL;
 225 Client *stack = NULL;
 226 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 227 Display *dpy;
 228 DC dc = {0};
 229 Layout *layout = NULL;
 230 Window barwin, root;
 231 Regs *regs = NULL;
 232
 233 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 234 #include "config.h"
 235
 236 Bool prevtags[LENGTH(tags)] = {[0] = True};
 237
 238 /* function implementations */
 239 void
 240 applyrules(Client *c) {
 241         static char buf[512];
 242         unsigned int i, j;
 243         regmatch_t tmp;
 244         Bool matched = False;
 245         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 246
 247         /* rule matching */
 248         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 249         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 250                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 251                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 252         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++)
 253                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 254                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 255                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < LENGTH(tags); j++) {
 256                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 257                                         matched = True;
 258                                         c->tags[j] = True;
 259                                 }
 260                         }
 261                 }
 262         if(ch.res_class)
 263                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 264         if(ch.res_name)
 265                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 266         if(!matched)
 267                 memcpy(c->tags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
 268 }
 269
 270 void
 271 arrange(void) {
 272         Client *c;
 273
 274         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 275                 if(isvisible(c))
 276                         unban(c);
 277                 else
 278                         ban(c);
 279         layout->arrange();
 280         focus(NULL);
 281         restack();
 282 }
 283
 284 void
 285 attach(Client *c) {
 286         if(clients)
 287                 clients->prev = c;
 288         c->next = clients;
 289         clients = c;
 290 }
 291
 292 void
 293 attachstack(Client *c) {
 294         c->snext = stack;
 295         stack = c;
 296 }
 297
 298 void
 299 ban(Client *c) {
 300         if(c->isbanned)
 301                 return;
 302         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 303         c->isbanned = True;
 304 }
 305
 306 void
 307 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 308         unsigned int i, x;
 309         Client *c;
 310         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 311
 312         if(ev->window == barwin) {
 313                 x = 0;
 314                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 315                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 316                         if(ev->x < x) {
 317                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 318                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 319                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 320                                         else
 321                                                 view(tags[i]);
 322                                 }
 323                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 324                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 325                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 326                                         else
 327                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 328                                 }
 329                                 return;
 330                         }
 331                 }
 332                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 333                         setlayout(NULL);
 334         }
 335         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 336                 focus(c);
 337                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 338                         return;
 339                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 340                         if((layout->arrange == floating) || c->isfloating)
 341                                 restack();
 342                         else
 343                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 344                         movemouse(c);
 345                 }
 346                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 347                         if((floating != layout->arrange) && c->isfloating)
 348                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 349                         else
 350                                 zoom(NULL);
 351                 }
 352                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 353                         if((floating == layout->arrange) || c->isfloating)
 354                                 restack();
 355                         else
 356                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 357                         resizemouse(c);
 358                 }
 359         }
 360 }
 361
 362 void
 363 checkotherwm(void) {
 364         otherwm = False;
 365         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 366
 367         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 368         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 369         XSync(dpy, False);
 370         if(otherwm)
 371                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 372         XSync(dpy, False);
 373         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 374         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 375         XSync(dpy, False);
 376 }
 377
 378 void
 379 cleanup(void) {
 380         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 381         while(stack) {
 382                 unban(stack);
 383                 unmanage(stack);
 384         }
 385         if(dc.font.set)
 386                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 387         else
 388                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 389         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 390         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 391         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 392         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 393         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 394         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 395         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 396         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 397         XSync(dpy, False);
 398 }
 399
 400 void
 401 compileregs(void) {
 402         unsigned int i;
 403         regex_t *reg;
 404
 405         if(regs)
 406                 return;
 407         regs = emallocz(LENGTH(rules) * sizeof(Regs));
 408         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(rules); i++) {
 409                 if(rules[i].prop) {
 410                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 411                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 412                                 free(reg);
 413                         else
 414                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
 415                 }
 416                 if(rules[i].tags) {
 417                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 418                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 419                                 free(reg);
 420                         else
 421                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 422                 }
 423         }
 424 }
 425
 426 void
 427 configure(Client *c) {
 428         XConfigureEvent ce;
 429
 430         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 431         ce.display = dpy;
 432         ce.event = c->win;
 433         ce.window = c->win;
 434         ce.x = c->x;
 435         ce.y = c->y;
 436         ce.width = c->w;
 437         ce.height = c->h;
 438         ce.border_width = c->border;
 439         ce.above = None;
 440         ce.override_redirect = False;
 441         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 442 }
 443
 444 void
 445 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 446         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 447
 448         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 449                 sw = ev->width;
 450                 sh = ev->height;
 451                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 452                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 453                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 454                 updatebarpos();
 455                 arrange();
 456         }
 457 }
 458
 459 void
 460 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 461         Client *c;
 462         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 463         XWindowChanges wc;
 464
 465         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 466                 c->ismax = False;
 467                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 468                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 469                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || (floating == layout->arrange)) {
 470                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 471                                 c->x = ev->x;
 472                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 473                                 c->y = ev->y;
 474                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 475                                 c->w = ev->width;
 476                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 477                                 c->h = ev->height;
 478                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 479                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 480                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 481                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 482                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 483                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 484                                 configure(c);
 485                         if(isvisible(c))
 486                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 487                 }
 488                 else
 489                         configure(c);
 490         }
 491         else {
 492                 wc.x = ev->x;
 493                 wc.y = ev->y;
 494                 wc.width = ev->width;
 495                 wc.height = ev->height;
 496                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 497                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 498                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 499                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 500         }
 501         XSync(dpy, False);
 502 }
 503
 504 void
 505 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 506         Client *c;
 507         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 508
 509         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 510                 unmanage(c);
 511 }
 512
 513 void
 514 detach(Client *c) {
 515         if(c->prev)
 516                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 517         if(c->next)
 518                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 519         if(c == clients)
 520                 clients = c->next;
 521         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 522 }
 523
 524 void
 525 detachstack(Client *c) {
 526         Client **tc;
 527
 528         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 529         *tc = c->snext;
 530 }
 531
 532 void
 533 drawbar(void) {
 534         int i, x;
 535
 536         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 537         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++) {
 538                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 539                 if(seltags[i]) {
 540                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 541                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 542                 }
 543                 else {
 544                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 545                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 546                 }
 547                 dc.x += dc.w;
 548         }
 549         dc.w = blw;
 550         drawtext(layout->symbol, dc.norm);
 551         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 552         dc.w = textw(stext);
 553         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 554         if(dc.x < x) {
 555                 dc.x = x;
 556                 dc.w = sw - x;
 557         }
 558         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 559         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 560                 dc.x = x;
 561                 if(sel) {
 562                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 563                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 564                 }
 565                 else
 566                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 567         }
 568         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 569         XSync(dpy, False);
 570 }
 571
 572 void
 573 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 574         int x;
 575         XGCValues gcv;
 576         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 577
 578         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 579         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 580         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 581         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 582         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 583         if(filled) {
 584                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 585                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 586         }
 587         else if(empty) {
 588                 r.width = r.height = x;
 589                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 590         }
 591 }
 592
 593 void
 594 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 595         int x, y, w, h;
 596         static char buf[256];
 597         unsigned int len, olen;
 598         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 599
 600         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 601         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 602         if(!text)
 603                 return;
 604         w = 0;
 605         olen = len = strlen(text);
 606         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 607                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 608         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 609         buf[len] = 0;
 610         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 611         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 612         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 613         /* shorten text if necessary */
 614         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 615                 buf[--len] = 0;
 616         if(len < olen) {
 617                 if(len > 1)
 618                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 619                 if(len > 2)
 620                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 621                 if(len > 3)
 622                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 623         }
 624         if(w > dc.w)
 625                 return; /* too long */
 626         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 627         if(dc.font.set)
 628                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 629         else
 630                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 631 }
 632
 633 void *
 634 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 635         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 636
 637         if(!res)
 638                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 639         return res;
 640 }
 641
 642 void
 643 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 644         Client *c;
 645         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 646
 647         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 648                 return;
 649         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 650                 focus(c);
 651         else if(ev->window == root) {
 652                 selscreen = True;
 653                 focus(NULL);
 654         }
 655 }
 656
 657 void
 658 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 659         va_list ap;
 660
 661         va_start(ap, errstr);
 662         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 663         va_end(ap);
 664         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 665 }
 666
 667 void
 668 expose(XEvent *e) {
 669         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 670
 671         if(ev->count == 0) {
 672                 if(ev->window == barwin)
 673                         drawbar();
 674         }
 675 }
 676
 677 void
 678 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 679         Client *c;
 680
 681         domwfact = dozoom = False;
 682         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 683                 if(isvisible(c))
 684                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 685 }
 686
 687 void
 688 focus(Client *c) {
 689         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 690                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 691         if(sel && sel != c) {
 692                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 693                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 694         }
 695         if(c) {
 696                 detachstack(c);
 697                 attachstack(c);
 698                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 699         }
 700         sel = c;
 701         drawbar();
 702         if(!selscreen)
 703                 return;
 704         if(c) {
 705                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 706                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 707         }
 708         else
 709                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 710 }
 711
 712 void
 713 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 714         Client *c;
 715
 716         if(!sel)
 717                 return;
 718         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 719         if(!c)
 720                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 721         if(c) {
 722                 focus(c);
 723                 restack();
 724         }
 725 }
 726
 727 void
 728 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 729         Client *c;
 730
 731         if(!sel)
 732                 return;
 733         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 734         if(!c) {
 735                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 736                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 737         }
 738         if(c) {
 739                 focus(c);
 740                 restack();
 741         }
 742 }
 743
 744 Client *
 745 getclient(Window w) {
 746         Client *c;
 747
 748         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 749         return c;
 750 }
 751
 752 unsigned long
 753 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 754         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 755         XColor color;
 756
 757         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 758                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 759         return color.pixel;
 760 }
 761
 762 long
 763 getstate(Window w) {
 764         int format, status;
 765         long result = -1;
 766         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 767         unsigned long n, extra;
 768         Atom real;
 769
 770         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 771                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 772         if(status != Success)
 773                 return -1;
 774         if(n != 0)
 775                 result = *p;
 776         XFree(p);
 777         return result;
 778 }
 779
 780 Bool
 781 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 782         char **list = NULL;
 783         int n;
 784         XTextProperty name;
 785
 786         if(!text || size == 0)
 787                 return False;
 788         text[0] = '\0';
 789         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 790         if(!name.nitems)
 791                 return False;
 792         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 793                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 794         else {
 795                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 796                 && n > 0 && *list) {
 797                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 798                         XFreeStringList(list);
 799                 }
 800         }
 801         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 802         XFree(name.value);
 803         return True;
 804 }
 805
 806 void
 807 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 808         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 809
 810         if(focused) {
 811                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 812                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 813                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 814                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 815                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 816                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 817                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 818                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 819
 820                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 821                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 822                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 823                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 824                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 825                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 826                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 827                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 828
 829                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 830                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 831                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 832                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 833                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 834                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 835                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 836                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 837         }
 838         else
 839                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 840                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 841 }
 842
 843 void
 844 grabkeys(void)  {
 845         unsigned int i;
 846         KeyCode code;
 847
 848         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 849         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++) {
 850                 code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 851                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 852                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 853                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 854                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 855                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 856                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 857                 XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 858                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 859         }
 860 }
 861
 862 unsigned int
 863 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 864         unsigned int i;
 865
 866         for(i = 0; (i < LENGTH(tags)) && (tags[i] != tag); i++);
 867         return (i < LENGTH(tags)) ? i : 0;
 868 }
 869
 870 void
 871 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 872         char *def, **missing;
 873         int i, n;
 874
 875         missing = NULL;
 876         if(dc.font.set)
 877                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 878         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 879         if(missing) {
 880                 while(n--)
 881                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 882                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 883         }
 884         if(dc.font.set) {
 885                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 886                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 887                 char **font_names;
 888                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 889                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 890                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 891                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 892                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 893                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 894                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 895                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 896                         xfonts++;
 897                 }
 898         }
 899         else {
 900                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 901                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 902                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 903                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 904                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 905                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 906                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 907                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 908         }
 909         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 910 }
 911
 912 Bool
 913 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 914         Client *c;
 915
 916         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 917                 if(c->tags[t])
 918                         return True;
 919         return False;
 920 }
 921
 922 Bool
 923 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 924         int i, n;
 925         Atom *protocols;
 926         Bool ret = False;
 927
 928         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 929                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 930                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 931                                 ret = True;
 932                 XFree(protocols);
 933         }
 934         return ret;
 935 }
 936
 937 Bool
 938 isvisible(Client *c) {
 939         unsigned int i;
 940
 941         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
 942                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 943                         return True;
 944         return False;
 945 }
 946
 947 void
 948 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 949         unsigned int i;
 950         KeySym keysym;
 951         XKeyEvent *ev;
 952
 953         ev = &e->xkey;
 954         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 955         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(keys); i++)
 956                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 957                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 958                 {
 959                         if(keys[i].func)
 960                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 961                 }
 962 }
 963
 964 void
 965 killclient(const char *arg) {
 966         XEvent ev;
 967
 968         if(!sel)
 969                 return;
 970         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 971                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 972                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 973                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 974                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 975                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 976                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 977                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 978         }
 979         else
 980                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 981 }
 982
 983 void
 984 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 985         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 986
 987         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 988                 selscreen = False;
 989                 focus(NULL);
 990         }
 991 }
 992
 993 void
 994 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
 995         Client *c, *t = NULL;
 996         Window trans;
 997         Status rettrans;
 998         XWindowChanges wc;
 999
1000         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1001         c->tags = emallocz(sizeof seltags);
1002         c->win = w;
1003         c->x = wa->x;
1004         c->y = wa->y;
1005         c->w = wa->width;
1006         c->h = wa->height;
1007         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1008         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1009                 c->x = sx;
1010                 c->y = sy;
1011                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1012         }
1013         else {
1014                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1015                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1016                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1017                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1018                 if(c->x < wax)
1019                         c->x = wax;
1020                 if(c->y < way)
1021                         c->y = way;
1022                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1023         }
1024         wc.border_width = c->border;
1025         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1026         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1027         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1028         updatesizehints(c);
1029         XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1030                 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1031         grabbuttons(c, False);
1032         updatetitle(c);
1033         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1034                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1035         if(t)
1036                 memcpy(c->tags, t->tags, sizeof seltags);
1037         applyrules(c);
1038         if(!c->isfloating)
1039                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1040         attach(c);
1041         attachstack(c);
1042         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1043         ban(c);
1044         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1045         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1046         arrange();
1047 }
1048
1049 void
1050 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1051         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1052
1053         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1054         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1055                 grabkeys();
1056 }
1057
1058 void
1059 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1060         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1061         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1062
1063         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1064                 return;
1065         if(wa.override_redirect)
1066                 return;
1067         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1068                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1069 }
1070
1071 void
1072 movemouse(Client *c) {
1073         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1074         unsigned int dui;
1075         Window dummy;
1076         XEvent ev;
1077
1078         ocx = nx = c->x;
1079         ocy = ny = c->y;
1080         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1081                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1082                 return;
1083         c->ismax = False;
1084         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1085         for(;;) {
1086                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1087                 switch (ev.type) {
1088                 case ButtonRelease:
1089                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1090                         return;
1091                 case ConfigureRequest:
1092                 case Expose:
1093                 case MapRequest:
1094                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1095                         break;
1096                 case MotionNotify:
1097                         XSync(dpy, False);
1098                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1099                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1100                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1101                                 nx = wax;
1102                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1103                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1104                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1105                                 ny = way;
1106                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1107                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1108                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1109                         break;
1110                 }
1111         }
1112 }
1113
1114 Client *
1115 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1116         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1117         return c;
1118 }
1119
1120 void
1121 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1122         Client *c;
1123         Window trans;
1124         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1125
1126         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1127                 return; /* ignore */
1128         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1129                 switch (ev->atom) {
1130                         default: break;
1131                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1132                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1133                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1134                                         arrange();
1135                                 break;
1136                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1137                                 updatesizehints(c);
1138                                 break;
1139                 }
1140                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1141                         updatetitle(c);
1142                         if(c == sel)
1143                                 drawbar();
1144                 }
1145         }
1146 }
1147
1148 void
1149 quit(const char *arg) {
1150         readin = running = False;
1151 }
1152
1153
1154 void
1155 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1156         XWindowChanges wc;
1157
1158         if(sizehints) {
1159                 /* set minimum possible */
1160                 if (w < 1)
1161                         w = 1;
1162                 if (h < 1)
1163                         h = 1;
1164
1165                 /* temporarily remove base dimensions */
1166                 w -= c->basew;
1167                 h -= c->baseh;
1168
1169                 /* adjust for aspect limits */
1170                 if (c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && c->minax > 0 && c->maxax > 0) {
1171                         if (w * c->maxay > h * c->maxax)
1172                                 w = h * c->maxax / c->maxay;
1173                         else if (w * c->minay < h * c->minax)
1174                                 h = w * c->minay / c->minax;
1175                 }
1176
1177                 /* adjust for increment value */
1178                 if(c->incw)
1179                         w -= w % c->incw;
1180                 if(c->inch)
1181                         h -= h % c->inch;
1182
1183                 /* restore base dimensions */
1184                 w += c->basew;
1185                 h += c->baseh;
1186
1187                 if(c->minw > 0 && w < c->minw)
1188                         w = c->minw;
1189                 if(c->minh > 0 && h < c->minh)
1190                         h = c->minh;
1191                 if(c->maxw > 0 && w > c->maxw)
1192                         w = c->maxw;
1193                 if(c->maxh > 0 && h > c->maxh)
1194                         h = c->maxh;
1195         }
1196         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1197                 return;
1198         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
1199         if(x > sw)
1200                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1201         if(y > sh)
1202                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1203         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1204                 x = sx;
1205         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1206                 y = sy;
1207         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1208                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1209                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1210                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1211                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1212                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1213                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1214                 configure(c);
1215                 XSync(dpy, False);
1216         }
1217 }
1218
1219 void
1220 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1221         int ocx, ocy;
1222         int nw, nh;
1223         XEvent ev;
1224
1225         ocx = c->x;
1226         ocy = c->y;
1227         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1228                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1229                 return;
1230         c->ismax = False;
1231         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1232         for(;;) {
1233                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1234                 switch(ev.type) {
1235                 case ButtonRelease:
1236                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1237                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1238                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1239                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1240                         return;
1241                 case ConfigureRequest:
1242                 case Expose:
1243                 case MapRequest:
1244                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1245                         break;
1246                 case MotionNotify:
1247                         XSync(dpy, False);
1248                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1249                                 nw = 1;
1250                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1251                                 nh = 1;
1252                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1253                         break;
1254                 }
1255         }
1256 }
1257
1258 void
1259 restack(void) {
1260         Client *c;
1261         XEvent ev;
1262         XWindowChanges wc;
1263
1264         drawbar();
1265         if(!sel)
1266                 return;
1267         if(sel->isfloating || (layout->arrange == floating))
1268                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1269         if(layout->arrange != floating) {
1270                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1271                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1272                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1273                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1274                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1275                 }
1276                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1277                         if(c == sel)
1278                                 continue;
1279                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1280                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1281                 }
1282         }
1283         XSync(dpy, False);
1284         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1285 }
1286
1287 void
1288 run(void) {
1289         char *p;
1290         fd_set rd;
1291         int r, xfd;
1292         unsigned int len, offset;
1293         XEvent ev;
1294
1295         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1296         XSync(dpy, False);
1297         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1298         readin = True;
1299         offset = 0;
1300         len = sizeof stext - 1;
1301         stext[len] = '\0'; /* 0-terminator is never touched */
1302         while(running) {
1303                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1304                 if(readin)
1305                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1306                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1307                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1308                         if(errno == EINTR)
1309                                 continue;
1310                         eprint("select failed\n");
1311                 }
1312                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1313                         switch((r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext + offset, len - offset))) {
1314                         case -1:
1315                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), len);
1316                                 readin = False;
1317                                 break;
1318                         case 0:
1319                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1320                                 readin = False;
1321                                 break;
1322                         default:
1323                                 stext[offset + r] = '\0';
1324                                 for(p = stext; *p && *p != '\n'; p++);
1325                                 if(*p == '\n') {
1326                                         *p = '\0';
1327                                         offset = 0;
1328                                 }
1329                                 else
1330                                         offset = (offset + r < len - 1) ? offset + r : 0;
1331                         }
1332                         drawbar();
1333                 }
1334                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1335                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1336                         if(handler[ev.type])
1337                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1338                 }
1339         }
1340 }
1341
1342 void
1343 scan(void) {
1344         unsigned int i, num;
1345         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1346         XWindowAttributes wa;
1347
1348         wins = NULL;
1349         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1350                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1351                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1352                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1353                                 continue;
1354                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1355                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1356                 }
1357                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1358                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1359                                 continue;
1360                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1361                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1362                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1363                 }
1364         }
1365         if(wins)
1366                 XFree(wins);
1367 }
1368
1369 void
1370 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1371         long data[] = {state, None};
1372
1373         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1374                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1375 }
1376
1377 void
1378 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1379         unsigned int i;
1380
1381         if(!arg) {
1382                 if(++layout == &layouts[LENGTH(layouts)])
1383                         layout = &layouts[0];
1384         }
1385         else {
1386                 for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++)
1387                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1388                                 break;
1389                 if(i == LENGTH(layouts))
1390                         return;
1391                 layout = &layouts[i];
1392         }
1393         if(sel)
1394                 arrange();
1395         else
1396                 drawbar();
1397 }
1398
1399 void
1400 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1401         double delta;
1402
1403         if(!domwfact)
1404                 return;
1405         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1406         if(arg == NULL)
1407                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1408         else if(sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta) == 1) {
1409                 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1410                         mwfact += delta;
1411                 else
1412                         mwfact = delta;
1413                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1414                         mwfact = 0.1;
1415                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1416                         mwfact = 0.9;
1417         }
1418         arrange();
1419 }
1420
1421 void
1422 setup(void) {
1423         int d;
1424         unsigned int i, j, mask;
1425         Window w;
1426         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1427         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1428
1429         /* init atoms */
1430         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1431         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1432         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1433         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1434         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1435         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1436         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1437                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1438
1439         /* init cursors */
1440         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1441         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1442         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1443
1444         /* init geometry */
1445         sx = sy = 0;
1446         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1447         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1448
1449         /* init modifier map */
1450         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1451         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1452                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1453                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1454                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1455                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1456                 }
1457         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1458
1459         /* select for events */
1460         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1461                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1462         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1463         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1464         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1465
1466         /* grab keys */
1467         grabkeys();
1468
1469         /* init tags */
1470         compileregs();
1471
1472         /* init appearance */
1473         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1474         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1475         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1476         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1477         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1478         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1479         initfont(FONT);
1480         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1481
1482         /* init layouts */
1483         mwfact = MWFACT;
1484         layout = &layouts[0];
1485         for(blw = i = 0; i < LENGTH(layouts); i++) {
1486                 j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1487                 if(j > blw)
1488                         blw = j;
1489         }
1490
1491         /* init bar */
1492         bpos = BARPOS;
1493         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1494         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1495         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1496         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1497                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1498                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1499         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1500         updatebarpos();
1501         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1502         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1503         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1504         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1505         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1506         if(!dc.font.set)
1507                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1508
1509         /* multihead support */
1510         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1511 }
1512
1513 void
1514 spawn(const char *arg) {
1515         static char *shell = NULL;
1516
1517         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1518                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1519         if(!arg)
1520                 return;
1521         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1522          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1523         if(fork() == 0) {
1524                 if(fork() == 0) {
1525                         if(dpy)
1526                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1527                         setsid();
1528                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1529                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1530                         perror(" failed");
1531                 }
1532                 exit(0);
1533         }
1534         wait(0);
1535 }
1536
1537 void
1538 tag(const char *arg) {
1539         unsigned int i;
1540
1541         if(!sel)
1542                 return;
1543         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1544                 sel->tags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1545         sel->tags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1546         arrange();
1547 }
1548
1549 unsigned int
1550 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1551         XRectangle r;
1552
1553         if(dc.font.set) {
1554                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1555                 return r.width;
1556         }
1557         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1558 }
1559
1560 unsigned int
1561 textw(const char *text) {
1562         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1563 }
1564
1565 void
1566 tile(void) {
1567         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1568         Client *c, *mc;
1569
1570         domwfact = dozoom = True;
1571         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1572                 n++;
1573
1574         /* window geoms */
1575         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1576         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1577         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1578                 th = wah;
1579
1580         nx = wax;
1581         ny = way;
1582         nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1583         for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1584                 c->ismax = False;
1585                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1586                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1587                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1588                 }
1589                 else {  /* tile window */
1590                         if(i == 1) {
1591                                 ny = way;
1592                                 nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1593                                 nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1594                         }
1595                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1596                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1597                         else
1598                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1599                 }
1600                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1601                 if((RESIZEHINTS) && ((c->h < bh) || (c->h > nh) || (c->w < bh) || (c->w > nw)))
1602                         /* client doesn't accept size constraints */
1603                         resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, False);
1604                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1605                         ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1606         }
1607 }
1608
1609 void
1610 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1611         if(bpos == BarOff)
1612                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1613         else
1614                 bpos = BarOff;
1615         updatebarpos();
1616         arrange();
1617 }
1618
1619 void
1620 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1621         if(!sel)
1622                 return;
1623         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1624         if(sel->isfloating)
1625                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1626         arrange();
1627 }
1628
1629 void
1630 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1631         XEvent ev;
1632
1633         if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1634                 return;
1635         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1636                 if((layout->arrange == floating) || sel->isfloating)
1637                         sel->wasfloating = True;
1638                 else {
1639                         togglefloating(NULL);
1640                         sel->wasfloating = False;
1641                 }
1642                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1643                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1644                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1645                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1646                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1647         }
1648         else {
1649                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1650                 if(!sel->wasfloating)
1651                         togglefloating(NULL);
1652         }
1653         drawbar();
1654         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1655 }
1656
1657 void
1658 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1659         unsigned int i, j;
1660
1661         if(!sel)
1662                 return;
1663         i = idxoftag(arg);
1664         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1665         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1666         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1667                 sel->tags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be enabled */
1668         arrange();
1669 }
1670
1671 void
1672 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1673         unsigned int i, j;
1674
1675         i = idxoftag(arg);
1676         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1677         for(j = 0; j < LENGTH(tags) && !seltags[j]; j++);
1678         if(j == LENGTH(tags))
1679                 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1680         arrange();
1681 }
1682
1683 void
1684 unban(Client *c) {
1685         if(!c->isbanned)
1686                 return;
1687         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1688         c->isbanned = False;
1689 }
1690
1691 void
1692 unmanage(Client *c) {
1693         XWindowChanges wc;
1694
1695         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1696         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1697         XGrabServer(dpy);
1698         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1699         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1700         detach(c);
1701         detachstack(c);
1702         if(sel == c)
1703                 focus(NULL);
1704         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1705         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1706         free(c->tags);
1707         free(c);
1708         XSync(dpy, False);
1709         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1710         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1711         arrange();
1712 }
1713
1714 void
1715 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1716         Client *c;
1717         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1718
1719         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1720                 unmanage(c);
1721 }
1722
1723 void
1724 updatebarpos(void) {
1725         XEvent ev;
1726
1727         wax = sx;
1728         way = sy;
1729         wah = sh;
1730         waw = sw;
1731         switch(bpos) {
1732         default:
1733                 wah -= bh;
1734                 way += bh;
1735                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1736                 break;
1737         case BarBot:
1738                 wah -= bh;
1739                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1740                 break;
1741         case BarOff:
1742                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1743                 break;
1744         }
1745         XSync(dpy, False);
1746         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1747 }
1748
1749 void
1750 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1751         long msize;
1752         XSizeHints size;
1753
1754         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1755                 size.flags = PSize;
1756         c->flags = size.flags;
1757         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1758                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1759                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1760         }
1761         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1762                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1763                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1764         }
1765         else
1766                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1767         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1768                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1769                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1770         }
1771         else
1772                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1773         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1774                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1775                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1776         }
1777         else
1778                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1779         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1780                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1781                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1782         }
1783         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1784                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1785                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1786         }
1787         else
1788                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1789         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1790                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1791                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1792                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1793                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1794         }
1795         else
1796                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1797         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1798                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1799 }
1800
1801 void
1802 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1803         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1804                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1805 }
1806
1807 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1808  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1809  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1810 int
1811 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1812         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1813         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1814         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1815         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1816         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1817         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1818         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1819         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1820                 return 0;
1821         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1822                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1823         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1824 }
1825
1826 int
1827 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1828         return 0;
1829 }
1830
1831 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1832  * is already running. */
1833 int
1834 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1835         otherwm = True;
1836         return -1;
1837 }
1838
1839 void
1840 view(const char *arg) {
1841         unsigned int i;
1842
1843         memcpy(prevtags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1844         for(i = 0; i < LENGTH(tags); i++)
1845                 seltags[i] = (NULL == arg);
1846         seltags[idxoftag(arg)] = True;
1847         arrange();
1848 }
1849
1850 void
1851 viewprevtag(const char *arg) {
1852         static Bool tmptags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]];
1853
1854         memcpy(tmptags, seltags, sizeof seltags);
1855         memcpy(seltags, prevtags, sizeof seltags);
1856         memcpy(prevtags, tmptags, sizeof seltags);
1857         arrange();
1858 }
1859
1860 void
1861 zoom(const char *arg) {
1862         Client *c;
1863
1864         if(!sel || !dozoom || sel->isfloating)
1865                 return;
1866         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1867                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1868                         return;
1869         detach(c);
1870         attach(c);
1871         focus(c);
1872         arrange();
1873 }
1874
1875 int
1876 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1877         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1878                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 Anselm R. Garbe, Sander van Dijk, "
1879                        "Jukka Salmi, Premysl Hruby, Szabolcs Nagy\n");
1880         else if(argc != 1)
1881                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1882
1883         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1884         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1885                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1886         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1887         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1888
1889         checkotherwm();
1890         setup();
1891         drawbar();
1892         scan();
1893         run();
1894         cleanup();
1895
1896         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1897         return 0;
1898 }