dwm.c

   1 /* See LICENSE file for copyright and license details.
   2  *
   3  * dynamic window manager is designed like any other X client as well. It is
   4  * driven through handling X events. In contrast to other X clients, a window
   5  * manager selects for SubstructureRedirectMask on the root window, to receive
   6  * events about window (dis-)appearance.  Only one X connection at a time is
   7  * allowed to select for this event mask.
   8  *
   9  * Calls to fetch an X event from the event queue are blocking.  Due reading
  10  * status text from standard input, a select()-driven main loop has been
  11  * implemented which selects for reads on the X connection and STDIN_FILENO to
  12  * handle all data smoothly. The event handlers of dwm are organized in an
  13  * array which is accessed whenever a new event has been fetched. This allows
  14  * event dispatching in O(1) time.
  15  *
  16  * Each child of the root window is called a client, except windows which have
  17  * set the override_redirect flag.  Clients are organized in a global
  18  * doubly-linked client list, the focus history is remembered through a global
  19  * stack list. Each client contains an array of Bools of the same size as the
  20  * global tags array to indicate the tags of a client.  For each client dwm
  21  * creates a small title window, which is resized whenever the (_NET_)WM_NAME
  22  * properties are updated or the client is moved/resized.
  23  *
  24  * Keys and tagging rules are organized as arrays and defined in config.h.
  25  *
  26  * To understand everything else, start reading main().
  27  */
  28 #include <errno.h>
  29 #include <locale.h>
  30 #include <stdarg.h>
  31 #include <stdio.h>
  32 #include <stdlib.h>
  33 #include <string.h>
  34 #include <unistd.h>
  35 #include <sys/select.h>
  36 #include <sys/types.h>
  37 #include <sys/wait.h>
  38 #include <regex.h>
  39 #include <X11/cursorfont.h>
  40 #include <X11/keysym.h>
  41 #include <X11/Xatom.h>
  42 #include <X11/Xlib.h>
  43 #include <X11/Xproto.h>
  44 #include <X11/Xutil.h>
  45
  46 /* macros */
  47 #define BUTTONMASK              (ButtonPressMask | ButtonReleaseMask)
  48 #define CLEANMASK(mask)         (mask & ~(numlockmask | LockMask))
  49 #define MOUSEMASK               (BUTTONMASK | PointerMotionMask)
  50
  51 /* enums */
  52 enum { BarTop, BarBot, BarOff };                        /* bar position */
  53 enum { CurNormal, CurResize, CurMove, CurLast };        /* cursor */
  54 enum { ColBorder, ColFG, ColBG, ColLast };              /* color */
  55 enum { NetSupported, NetWMName, NetLast };              /* EWMH atoms */
  56 enum { WMProtocols, WMDelete, WMName, WMState, WMLast };/* default atoms */
  57
  58 /* typedefs */
  59 typedef struct Client Client;
  60
  61 typedef struct {
  62         int x, y, w, h;
  63         unsigned long norm[ColLast];
  64         unsigned long sel[ColLast];
  65         Drawable drawable;
  66         GC gc;
  67         struct {
  68                 int ascent;
  69                 int descent;
  70                 int height;
  71                 XFontSet set;
  72                 XFontStruct *xfont;
  73         } font;
  74 } DC; /* draw context */
  75
  76 typedef struct {
  77         unsigned long mod;
  78         KeySym keysym;
  79         void (*func)(const char *arg);
  80         const char *arg;
  81 } Key;
  82
  83 typedef struct {
  84         const char *symbol;
  85         void (*arrange)(void);
  86 } Layout;
  87
  88 typedef struct {
  89         const char *prop;
  90         const char *tags;
  91         Bool isfloating;
  92 } Rule;
  93
  94 typedef struct {
  95         regex_t *propregex;
  96         regex_t *tagregex;
  97 } Regs;
  98
  99 /* forward declarations */
 100 void applyrules(Client *c);
 101 void arrange(void);
 102 void attach(Client *c);
 103 void attachstack(Client *c);
 104 void ban(Client *c);
 105 void buttonpress(XEvent *e);
 106 void checkotherwm(void);
 107 void cleanup(void);
 108 void compileregs(void);
 109 void configure(Client *c);
 110 void configurenotify(XEvent *e);
 111 void configurerequest(XEvent *e);
 112 void destroynotify(XEvent *e);
 113 void detach(Client *c);
 114 void detachstack(Client *c);
 115 void drawbar(void);
 116 void drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 117 void drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]);
 118 void *emallocz(unsigned int size);
 119 void enternotify(XEvent *e);
 120 void eprint(const char *errstr, ...);
 121 void expose(XEvent *e);
 122 void floating(void); /* default floating layout */
 123 void focus(Client *c);
 124 void focusnext(const char *arg);
 125 void focusprev(const char *arg);
 126 Client *getclient(Window w);
 127 unsigned long getcolor(const char *colstr);
 128 long getstate(Window w);
 129 Bool gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size);
 130 void grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused);
 131 unsigned int idxoftag(const char *tag);
 132 void initfont(const char *fontstr);
 133 Bool isarrange(void (*func)());
 134 Bool isoccupied(unsigned int t);
 135 Bool isprotodel(Client *c);
 136 Bool isvisible(Client *c);
 137 void keypress(XEvent *e);
 138 void killclient(const char *arg);
 139 void leavenotify(XEvent *e);
 140 void manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa);
 141 void mappingnotify(XEvent *e);
 142 void maprequest(XEvent *e);
 143 void movemouse(Client *c);
 144 Client *nexttiled(Client *c);
 145 void propertynotify(XEvent *e);
 146 void quit(const char *arg);
 147 void resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints);
 148 void resizemouse(Client *c);
 149 void restack(void);
 150 void run(void);
 151 void scan(void);
 152 void setclientstate(Client *c, long state);
 153 void setlayout(const char *arg);
 154 void setmwfact(const char *arg);
 155 void setup(void);
 156 void spawn(const char *arg);
 157 void tag(const char *arg);
 158 unsigned int textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len);
 159 unsigned int textw(const char *text);
 160 void tile(void);
 161 void togglebar(const char *arg);
 162 void togglefloating(const char *arg);
 163 void togglemax(const char *arg);
 164 void toggletag(const char *arg);
 165 void toggleview(const char *arg);
 166 void unban(Client *c);
 167 void unmanage(Client *c);
 168 void unmapnotify(XEvent *e);
 169 void updatebarpos(void);
 170 void updatesizehints(Client *c);
 171 void updatetitle(Client *c);
 172 void view(const char *arg);
 173 int xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee);
 174 int xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 175 int xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee);
 176 void zoom(const char *arg);
 177
 178 /* variables */
 179 char stext[256];
 180 double mwfact;
 181 int screen, sx, sy, sw, sh, wax, way, waw, wah;
 182 int (*xerrorxlib)(Display *, XErrorEvent *);
 183 unsigned int bh, bpos;
 184 unsigned int blw = 0;
 185 unsigned int ltidx = 0; /* default */
 186 unsigned int nlayouts = 0;
 187 unsigned int nrules = 0;
 188 unsigned int numlockmask = 0;
 189 void (*handler[LASTEvent]) (XEvent *) = {
 190         [ButtonPress] = buttonpress,
 191         [ConfigureRequest] = configurerequest,
 192         [ConfigureNotify] = configurenotify,
 193         [DestroyNotify] = destroynotify,
 194         [EnterNotify] = enternotify,
 195         [LeaveNotify] = leavenotify,
 196         [Expose] = expose,
 197         [KeyPress] = keypress,
 198         [MappingNotify] = mappingnotify,
 199         [MapRequest] = maprequest,
 200         [PropertyNotify] = propertynotify,
 201         [UnmapNotify] = unmapnotify
 202 };
 203 Atom wmatom[WMLast], netatom[NetLast];
 204 Bool otherwm, readin;
 205 Bool running = True;
 206 Bool selscreen = True;
 207 Client *clients = NULL;
 208 Client *sel = NULL;
 209 Client *stack = NULL;
 210 Cursor cursor[CurLast];
 211 Display *dpy;
 212 DC dc = {0};
 213 Window barwin, root;
 214 Regs *regs = NULL;
 215
 216 /* configuration, allows nested code to access above variables */
 217 #include "config.h"
 218
 219 /* Statically define the number of tags. */
 220 unsigned int ntags = sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0];
 221 Bool seltags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]] = {[0] = True};
 222
 223 struct Client {
 224         char name[256];
 225         int x, y, w, h;
 226         int rx, ry, rw, rh; /* revert geometry */
 227         int basew, baseh, incw, inch, maxw, maxh, minw, minh;
 228         int minax, maxax, minay, maxay;
 229         long flags;
 230         unsigned int border, oldborder;
 231         Bool isbanned, isfixed, ismax, isfloating, wasfloating;
 232         Bool tags[sizeof tags / sizeof tags[0]];
 233         Client *next;
 234         Client *prev;
 235         Client *snext;
 236         Window win;
 237 };
 238
 239 /* functions*/
 240 void
 241 applyrules(Client *c) {
 242         static char buf[512];
 243         unsigned int i, j;
 244         regmatch_t tmp;
 245         Bool matched = False;
 246         XClassHint ch = { 0 };
 247
 248         /* rule matching */
 249         XGetClassHint(dpy, c->win, &ch);
 250         snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "%s:%s:%s",
 251                         ch.res_class ? ch.res_class : "",
 252                         ch.res_name ? ch.res_name : "", c->name);
 253         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++)
 254                 if(regs[i].propregex && !regexec(regs[i].propregex, buf, 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 255                         c->isfloating = rules[i].isfloating;
 256                         for(j = 0; regs[i].tagregex && j < ntags; j++) {
 257                                 if(!regexec(regs[i].tagregex, tags[j], 1, &tmp, 0)) {
 258                                         matched = True;
 259                                         c->tags[j] = True;
 260                                 }
 261                         }
 262                 }
 263         if(ch.res_class)
 264                 XFree(ch.res_class);
 265         if(ch.res_name)
 266                 XFree(ch.res_name);
 267         if(!matched)
 268                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 269                         c->tags[i] = seltags[i];
 270 }
 271
 272 void
 273 arrange(void) {
 274         Client *c;
 275
 276         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 277                 if(isvisible(c))
 278                         unban(c);
 279                 else
 280                         ban(c);
 281         layouts[ltidx].arrange();
 282         focus(NULL);
 283         restack();
 284 }
 285
 286 void
 287 attach(Client *c) {
 288         if(clients)
 289                 clients->prev = c;
 290         c->next = clients;
 291         clients = c;
 292 }
 293
 294 void
 295 attachstack(Client *c) {
 296         c->snext = stack;
 297         stack = c;
 298 }
 299
 300 void
 301 ban(Client *c) {
 302         if(c->isbanned)
 303                 return;
 304         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x + 2 * sw, c->y);
 305         c->isbanned = True;
 306 }
 307
 308 void
 309 buttonpress(XEvent *e) {
 310         unsigned int i, x;
 311         Client *c;
 312         XButtonPressedEvent *ev = &e->xbutton;
 313
 314         if(barwin == ev->window) {
 315                 x = 0;
 316                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 317                         x += textw(tags[i]);
 318                         if(ev->x < x) {
 319                                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 320                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 321                                                 tag(tags[i]);
 322                                         else
 323                                                 view(tags[i]);
 324                                 }
 325                                 else if(ev->button == Button3) {
 326                                         if(ev->state & MODKEY)
 327                                                 toggletag(tags[i]);
 328                                         else
 329                                                 toggleview(tags[i]);
 330                                 }
 331                                 return;
 332                         }
 333                 }
 334                 if((ev->x < x + blw) && ev->button == Button1)
 335                         setlayout(NULL);
 336         }
 337         else if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 338                 focus(c);
 339                 if(CLEANMASK(ev->state) != MODKEY)
 340                         return;
 341                 if(ev->button == Button1) {
 342                         if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
 343                                 restack();
 344                         else
 345                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 346                         movemouse(c);
 347                 }
 348                 else if(ev->button == Button2) {
 349                         if(ISTILE && !c->isfixed && c->isfloating)
 350                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 351                         else
 352                                 zoom(NULL);
 353                 }
 354                 else if(ev->button == Button3 && !c->isfixed) {
 355                         if(isarrange(floating) || c->isfloating)
 356                                 restack();
 357                         else
 358                                 togglefloating(NULL);
 359                         resizemouse(c);
 360                 }
 361         }
 362 }
 363
 364 void
 365 checkotherwm(void) {
 366         otherwm = False;
 367         XSetErrorHandler(xerrorstart);
 368
 369         /* this causes an error if some other window manager is running */
 370         XSelectInput(dpy, root, SubstructureRedirectMask);
 371         XSync(dpy, False);
 372         if(otherwm)
 373                 eprint("dwm: another window manager is already running\n");
 374         XSync(dpy, False);
 375         XSetErrorHandler(NULL);
 376         xerrorxlib = XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
 377         XSync(dpy, False);
 378 }
 379
 380 void
 381 cleanup(void) {
 382         close(STDIN_FILENO);
 383         while(stack) {
 384                 unban(stack);
 385                 unmanage(stack);
 386         }
 387         if(dc.font.set)
 388                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 389         else
 390                 XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 391         XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 392         XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 393         XFreeGC(dpy, dc.gc);
 394         XDestroyWindow(dpy, barwin);
 395         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurNormal]);
 396         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurResize]);
 397         XFreeCursor(dpy, cursor[CurMove]);
 398         XSetInputFocus(dpy, PointerRoot, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 399         XSync(dpy, False);
 400 }
 401
 402 void
 403 compileregs(void) {
 404         unsigned int i;
 405         regex_t *reg;
 406
 407         if(regs)
 408                 return;
 409         nrules = sizeof rules / sizeof rules[0];
 410         regs = emallocz(nrules * sizeof(Regs));
 411         for(i = 0; i < nrules; i++) {
 412                 if(rules[i].prop) {
 413                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 414                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].prop, REG_EXTENDED))
 415                                 free(reg);
 416                         else
 417                                 regs[i].propregex = reg;
 418                 }
 419                 if(rules[i].tags) {
 420                         reg = emallocz(sizeof(regex_t));
 421                         if(regcomp(reg, rules[i].tags, REG_EXTENDED))
 422                                 free(reg);
 423                         else
 424                                 regs[i].tagregex = reg;
 425                 }
 426         }
 427 }
 428
 429 void
 430 configure(Client *c) {
 431         XConfigureEvent ce;
 432
 433         ce.type = ConfigureNotify;
 434         ce.display = dpy;
 435         ce.event = c->win;
 436         ce.window = c->win;
 437         ce.x = c->x;
 438         ce.y = c->y;
 439         ce.width = c->w;
 440         ce.height = c->h;
 441         ce.border_width = c->border;
 442         ce.above = None;
 443         ce.override_redirect = False;
 444         XSendEvent(dpy, c->win, False, StructureNotifyMask, (XEvent *)&ce);
 445 }
 446
 447 void
 448 configurenotify(XEvent *e) {
 449         XConfigureEvent *ev = &e->xconfigure;
 450
 451         if(ev->window == root && (ev->width != sw || ev->height != sh)) {
 452                 sw = ev->width;
 453                 sh = ev->height;
 454                 XFreePixmap(dpy, dc.drawable);
 455                 dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
 456                 XResizeWindow(dpy, barwin, sw, bh);
 457                 updatebarpos();
 458                 arrange();
 459         }
 460 }
 461
 462 void
 463 configurerequest(XEvent *e) {
 464         Client *c;
 465         XConfigureRequestEvent *ev = &e->xconfigurerequest;
 466         XWindowChanges wc;
 467
 468         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
 469                 c->ismax = False;
 470                 if(ev->value_mask & CWBorderWidth)
 471                         c->border = ev->border_width;
 472                 if(c->isfixed || c->isfloating || isarrange(floating)) {
 473                         if(ev->value_mask & CWX)
 474                                 c->x = ev->x;
 475                         if(ev->value_mask & CWY)
 476                                 c->y = ev->y;
 477                         if(ev->value_mask & CWWidth)
 478                                 c->w = ev->width;
 479                         if(ev->value_mask & CWHeight)
 480                                 c->h = ev->height;
 481                         if((c->x + c->w) > sw && c->isfloating)
 482                                 c->x = sw / 2 - c->w / 2; /* center in x direction */
 483                         if((c->y + c->h) > sh && c->isfloating)
 484                                 c->y = sh / 2 - c->h / 2; /* center in y direction */
 485                         if((ev->value_mask & (CWX | CWY))
 486                         && !(ev->value_mask & (CWWidth | CWHeight)))
 487                                 configure(c);
 488                         if(isvisible(c))
 489                                 XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h);
 490                 }
 491                 else
 492                         configure(c);
 493         }
 494         else {
 495                 wc.x = ev->x;
 496                 wc.y = ev->y;
 497                 wc.width = ev->width;
 498                 wc.height = ev->height;
 499                 wc.border_width = ev->border_width;
 500                 wc.sibling = ev->above;
 501                 wc.stack_mode = ev->detail;
 502                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, ev->window, ev->value_mask, &wc);
 503         }
 504         XSync(dpy, False);
 505 }
 506
 507 void
 508 destroynotify(XEvent *e) {
 509         Client *c;
 510         XDestroyWindowEvent *ev = &e->xdestroywindow;
 511
 512         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 513                 unmanage(c);
 514 }
 515
 516 void
 517 detach(Client *c) {
 518         if(c->prev)
 519                 c->prev->next = c->next;
 520         if(c->next)
 521                 c->next->prev = c->prev;
 522         if(c == clients)
 523                 clients = c->next;
 524         c->next = c->prev = NULL;
 525 }
 526
 527 void
 528 detachstack(Client *c) {
 529         Client **tc;
 530
 531         for(tc=&stack; *tc && *tc != c; tc=&(*tc)->snext);
 532         *tc = c->snext;
 533 }
 534
 535 void
 536 drawbar(void) {
 537         int i, x;
 538
 539         dc.x = dc.y = 0;
 540         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++) {
 541                 dc.w = textw(tags[i]);
 542                 if(seltags[i]) {
 543                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.sel);
 544                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.sel);
 545                 }
 546                 else {
 547                         drawtext(tags[i], dc.norm);
 548                         drawsquare(sel && sel->tags[i], isoccupied(i), dc.norm);
 549                 }
 550                 dc.x += dc.w;
 551         }
 552         dc.w = blw;
 553         drawtext(layouts[ltidx].symbol, dc.norm);
 554         x = dc.x + dc.w;
 555         dc.w = textw(stext);
 556         dc.x = sw - dc.w;
 557         if(dc.x < x) {
 558                 dc.x = x;
 559                 dc.w = sw - x;
 560         }
 561         drawtext(stext, dc.norm);
 562         if((dc.w = dc.x - x) > bh) {
 563                 dc.x = x;
 564                 if(sel) {
 565                         drawtext(sel->name, dc.sel);
 566                         drawsquare(sel->ismax, sel->isfloating, dc.sel);
 567                 }
 568                 else
 569                         drawtext(NULL, dc.norm);
 570         }
 571         XCopyArea(dpy, dc.drawable, barwin, dc.gc, 0, 0, sw, bh, 0, 0);
 572         XSync(dpy, False);
 573 }
 574
 575 void
 576 drawsquare(Bool filled, Bool empty, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 577         int x;
 578         XGCValues gcv;
 579         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 580
 581         gcv.foreground = col[ColFG];
 582         XChangeGC(dpy, dc.gc, GCForeground, &gcv);
 583         x = (dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent + 2) / 4;
 584         r.x = dc.x + 1;
 585         r.y = dc.y + 1;
 586         if(filled) {
 587                 r.width = r.height = x + 1;
 588                 XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 589         }
 590         else if(empty) {
 591                 r.width = r.height = x;
 592                 XDrawRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 593         }
 594 }
 595
 596 void
 597 drawtext(const char *text, unsigned long col[ColLast]) {
 598         int x, y, w, h;
 599         static char buf[256];
 600         unsigned int len, olen;
 601         XRectangle r = { dc.x, dc.y, dc.w, dc.h };
 602
 603         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColBG]);
 604         XFillRectangles(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, &r, 1);
 605         if(!text)
 606                 return;
 607         w = 0;
 608         olen = len = strlen(text);
 609         if(len >= sizeof buf)
 610                 len = sizeof buf - 1;
 611         memcpy(buf, text, len);
 612         buf[len] = 0;
 613         h = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 614         y = dc.y + (dc.h / 2) - (h / 2) + dc.font.ascent;
 615         x = dc.x + (h / 2);
 616         /* shorten text if necessary */
 617         while(len && (w = textnw(buf, len)) > dc.w - h)
 618                 buf[--len] = 0;
 619         if(len < olen) {
 620                 if(len > 1)
 621                         buf[len - 1] = '.';
 622                 if(len > 2)
 623                         buf[len - 2] = '.';
 624                 if(len > 3)
 625                         buf[len - 3] = '.';
 626         }
 627         if(w > dc.w)
 628                 return; /* too long */
 629         XSetForeground(dpy, dc.gc, col[ColFG]);
 630         if(dc.font.set)
 631                 XmbDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.font.set, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 632         else
 633                 XDrawString(dpy, dc.drawable, dc.gc, x, y, buf, len);
 634 }
 635
 636 void *
 637 emallocz(unsigned int size) {
 638         void *res = calloc(1, size);
 639
 640         if(!res)
 641                 eprint("fatal: could not malloc() %u bytes\n", size);
 642         return res;
 643 }
 644
 645 void
 646 enternotify(XEvent *e) {
 647         Client *c;
 648         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 649
 650         if(ev->mode != NotifyNormal || ev->detail == NotifyInferior)
 651                 return;
 652         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
 653                 focus(c);
 654         else if(ev->window == root) {
 655                 selscreen = True;
 656                 focus(NULL);
 657         }
 658 }
 659
 660 void
 661 eprint(const char *errstr, ...) {
 662         va_list ap;
 663
 664         va_start(ap, errstr);
 665         vfprintf(stderr, errstr, ap);
 666         va_end(ap);
 667         exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
 668 }
 669
 670 void
 671 expose(XEvent *e) {
 672         XExposeEvent *ev = &e->xexpose;
 673
 674         if(ev->count == 0) {
 675                 if(barwin == ev->window)
 676                         drawbar();
 677         }
 678 }
 679
 680 void
 681 floating(void) { /* default floating layout */
 682         Client *c;
 683
 684         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 685                 if(isvisible(c))
 686                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h, True);
 687 }
 688
 689 void
 690 focus(Client *c) {
 691         if((!c && selscreen) || (c && !isvisible(c)))
 692                 for(c = stack; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->snext);
 693         if(sel && sel != c) {
 694                 grabbuttons(sel, False);
 695                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, sel->win, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
 696         }
 697         if(c) {
 698                 detachstack(c);
 699                 attachstack(c);
 700                 grabbuttons(c, True);
 701         }
 702         sel = c;
 703         drawbar();
 704         if(!selscreen)
 705                 return;
 706         if(c) {
 707                 XSetWindowBorder(dpy, c->win, dc.sel[ColBorder]);
 708                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, c->win, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 709         }
 710         else
 711                 XSetInputFocus(dpy, root, RevertToPointerRoot, CurrentTime);
 712 }
 713
 714 void
 715 focusnext(const char *arg) {
 716         Client *c;
 717
 718         if(!sel)
 719                 return;
 720         for(c = sel->next; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 721         if(!c)
 722                 for(c = clients; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->next);
 723         if(c) {
 724                 focus(c);
 725                 restack();
 726         }
 727 }
 728
 729 void
 730 focusprev(const char *arg) {
 731         Client *c;
 732
 733         if(!sel)
 734                 return;
 735         for(c = sel->prev; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 736         if(!c) {
 737                 for(c = clients; c && c->next; c = c->next);
 738                 for(; c && !isvisible(c); c = c->prev);
 739         }
 740         if(c) {
 741                 focus(c);
 742                 restack();
 743         }
 744 }
 745
 746 Client *
 747 getclient(Window w) {
 748         Client *c;
 749
 750         for(c = clients; c && c->win != w; c = c->next);
 751         return c;
 752 }
 753
 754 unsigned long
 755 getcolor(const char *colstr) {
 756         Colormap cmap = DefaultColormap(dpy, screen);
 757         XColor color;
 758
 759         if(!XAllocNamedColor(dpy, cmap, colstr, &color, &color))
 760                 eprint("error, cannot allocate color '%s'\n", colstr);
 761         return color.pixel;
 762 }
 763
 764 long
 765 getstate(Window w) {
 766         int format, status;
 767         long result = -1;
 768         unsigned char *p = NULL;
 769         unsigned long n, extra;
 770         Atom real;
 771
 772         status = XGetWindowProperty(dpy, w, wmatom[WMState], 0L, 2L, False, wmatom[WMState],
 773                         &real, &format, &n, &extra, (unsigned char **)&p);
 774         if(status != Success)
 775                 return -1;
 776         if(n != 0)
 777                 result = *p;
 778         XFree(p);
 779         return result;
 780 }
 781
 782 Bool
 783 gettextprop(Window w, Atom atom, char *text, unsigned int size) {
 784         char **list = NULL;
 785         int n;
 786         XTextProperty name;
 787
 788         if(!text || size == 0)
 789                 return False;
 790         text[0] = '\0';
 791         XGetTextProperty(dpy, w, &name, atom);
 792         if(!name.nitems)
 793                 return False;
 794         if(name.encoding == XA_STRING)
 795                 strncpy(text, (char *)name.value, size - 1);
 796         else {
 797                 if(XmbTextPropertyToTextList(dpy, &name, &list, &n) >= Success
 798                 && n > 0 && *list)
 799                 {
 800                         strncpy(text, *list, size - 1);
 801                         XFreeStringList(list);
 802                 }
 803         }
 804         text[size - 1] = '\0';
 805         XFree(name.value);
 806         return True;
 807 }
 808
 809 void
 810 grabbuttons(Client *c, Bool focused) {
 811         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
 812
 813         if(focused) {
 814                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 815                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 816                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 817                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 818                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 819                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 820                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button1, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 821                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 822
 823                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 824                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 825                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 826                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 827                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 828                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 829                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button2, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 830                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 831
 832                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 833                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 834                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 835                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 836                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 837                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 838                 XGrabButton(dpy, Button3, MODKEY | numlockmask | LockMask, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 839                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 840         }
 841         else
 842                 XGrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win, False, BUTTONMASK,
 843                                 GrabModeAsync, GrabModeSync, None, None);
 844 }
 845
 846 unsigned int
 847 idxoftag(const char *tag) {
 848         unsigned int i;
 849
 850         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 851                 if(tags[i] == tag)
 852                         return i;
 853         return 0;
 854 }
 855
 856 void
 857 initfont(const char *fontstr) {
 858         char *def, **missing;
 859         int i, n;
 860
 861         missing = NULL;
 862         if(dc.font.set)
 863                 XFreeFontSet(dpy, dc.font.set);
 864         dc.font.set = XCreateFontSet(dpy, fontstr, &missing, &n, &def);
 865         if(missing) {
 866                 while(n--)
 867                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: missing fontset: %s\n", missing[n]);
 868                 XFreeStringList(missing);
 869         }
 870         if(dc.font.set) {
 871                 XFontSetExtents *font_extents;
 872                 XFontStruct **xfonts;
 873                 char **font_names;
 874                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.descent = 0;
 875                 font_extents = XExtentsOfFontSet(dc.font.set);
 876                 n = XFontsOfFontSet(dc.font.set, &xfonts, &font_names);
 877                 for(i = 0, dc.font.ascent = 0, dc.font.descent = 0; i < n; i++) {
 878                         if(dc.font.ascent < (*xfonts)->ascent)
 879                                 dc.font.ascent = (*xfonts)->ascent;
 880                         if(dc.font.descent < (*xfonts)->descent)
 881                                 dc.font.descent = (*xfonts)->descent;
 882                         xfonts++;
 883                 }
 884         }
 885         else {
 886                 if(dc.font.xfont)
 887                         XFreeFont(dpy, dc.font.xfont);
 888                 dc.font.xfont = NULL;
 889                 if(!(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, fontstr))
 890                 && !(dc.font.xfont = XLoadQueryFont(dpy, "fixed")))
 891                         eprint("error, cannot load font: '%s'\n", fontstr);
 892                 dc.font.ascent = dc.font.xfont->ascent;
 893                 dc.font.descent = dc.font.xfont->descent;
 894         }
 895         dc.font.height = dc.font.ascent + dc.font.descent;
 896 }
 897
 898 Bool
 899 isarrange(void (*func)())
 900 {
 901         return func == layouts[ltidx].arrange;
 902 }
 903
 904 Bool
 905 isoccupied(unsigned int t) {
 906         Client *c;
 907
 908         for(c = clients; c; c = c->next)
 909                 if(c->tags[t])
 910                         return True;
 911         return False;
 912 }
 913
 914 Bool
 915 isprotodel(Client *c) {
 916         int i, n;
 917         Atom *protocols;
 918         Bool ret = False;
 919
 920         if(XGetWMProtocols(dpy, c->win, &protocols, &n)) {
 921                 for(i = 0; !ret && i < n; i++)
 922                         if(protocols[i] == wmatom[WMDelete])
 923                                 ret = True;
 924                 XFree(protocols);
 925         }
 926         return ret;
 927 }
 928
 929 Bool
 930 isvisible(Client *c) {
 931         unsigned int i;
 932
 933         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
 934                 if(c->tags[i] && seltags[i])
 935                         return True;
 936         return False;
 937 }
 938
 939 void
 940 keypress(XEvent *e) {
 941         KEYS
 942         unsigned int len = sizeof keys / sizeof keys[0];
 943         unsigned int i;
 944         KeyCode code;
 945         KeySym keysym;
 946         XKeyEvent *ev;
 947
 948         if(!e) { /* grabkeys */
 949                 XUngrabKey(dpy, AnyKey, AnyModifier, root);
 950                 for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 951                         code = XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, keys[i].keysym);
 952                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod, root, True,
 953                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 954                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | LockMask, root, True,
 955                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 956                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask, root, True,
 957                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 958                         XGrabKey(dpy, code, keys[i].mod | numlockmask | LockMask, root, True,
 959                                         GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync);
 960                 }
 961                 return;
 962         }
 963         ev = &e->xkey;
 964         keysym = XKeycodeToKeysym(dpy, (KeyCode)ev->keycode, 0);
 965         for(i = 0; i < len; i++)
 966                 if(keysym == keys[i].keysym
 967                 && CLEANMASK(keys[i].mod) == CLEANMASK(ev->state))
 968                 {
 969                         if(keys[i].func)
 970                                 keys[i].func(keys[i].arg);
 971                 }
 972 }
 973
 974 void
 975 killclient(const char *arg) {
 976         XEvent ev;
 977
 978         if(!sel)
 979                 return;
 980         if(isprotodel(sel)) {
 981                 ev.type = ClientMessage;
 982                 ev.xclient.window = sel->win;
 983                 ev.xclient.message_type = wmatom[WMProtocols];
 984                 ev.xclient.format = 32;
 985                 ev.xclient.data.l[0] = wmatom[WMDelete];
 986                 ev.xclient.data.l[1] = CurrentTime;
 987                 XSendEvent(dpy, sel->win, False, NoEventMask, &ev);
 988         }
 989         else
 990                 XKillClient(dpy, sel->win);
 991 }
 992
 993 void
 994 leavenotify(XEvent *e) {
 995         XCrossingEvent *ev = &e->xcrossing;
 996
 997         if((ev->window == root) && !ev->same_screen) {
 998                 selscreen = False;
 999                 focus(NULL);
1000         }
1001 }
1002
1003 void
1004 manage(Window w, XWindowAttributes *wa) {
1005         unsigned int i;
1006         Client *c, *t = NULL;
1007         Window trans;
1008         Status rettrans;
1009         XWindowChanges wc;
1010
1011         c = emallocz(sizeof(Client));
1012         c->win = w;
1013         c->x = wa->x;
1014         c->y = wa->y;
1015         c->w = wa->width;
1016         c->h = wa->height;
1017         c->oldborder = wa->border_width;
1018         if(c->w == sw && c->h == sh) {
1019                 c->x = sx;
1020                 c->y = sy;
1021                 c->border = wa->border_width;
1022         }
1023         else {
1024                 if(c->x + c->w + 2 * c->border > wax + waw)
1025                         c->x = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1026                 if(c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border > way + wah)
1027                         c->y = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1028                 if(c->x < wax)
1029                         c->x = wax;
1030                 if(c->y < way)
1031                         c->y = way;
1032                 c->border = BORDERPX;
1033         }
1034         wc.border_width = c->border;
1035         XConfigureWindow(dpy, w, CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1036         XSetWindowBorder(dpy, w, dc.norm[ColBorder]);
1037         configure(c); /* propagates border_width, if size doesn't change */
1038         updatesizehints(c);
1039         XSelectInput(dpy, w,
1040                 StructureNotifyMask | PropertyChangeMask | EnterWindowMask);
1041         grabbuttons(c, False);
1042         updatetitle(c);
1043         if((rettrans = XGetTransientForHint(dpy, w, &trans) == Success))
1044                 for(t = clients; t && t->win != trans; t = t->next);
1045         if(t)
1046                 for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1047                         c->tags[i] = t->tags[i];
1048         applyrules(c);
1049         if(!c->isfloating)
1050                 c->isfloating = (rettrans == Success) || c->isfixed;
1051         attach(c);
1052         attachstack(c);
1053         XMoveResizeWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y, c->w, c->h); /* some windows require this */
1054         ban(c);
1055         XMapWindow(dpy, c->win);
1056         setclientstate(c, NormalState);
1057         arrange();
1058 }
1059
1060 void
1061 mappingnotify(XEvent *e) {
1062         XMappingEvent *ev = &e->xmapping;
1063
1064         XRefreshKeyboardMapping(ev);
1065         if(ev->request == MappingKeyboard)
1066                 keypress(NULL);
1067 }
1068
1069 void
1070 maprequest(XEvent *e) {
1071         static XWindowAttributes wa;
1072         XMapRequestEvent *ev = &e->xmaprequest;
1073
1074         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, ev->window, &wa))
1075                 return;
1076         if(wa.override_redirect)
1077                 return;
1078         if(!getclient(ev->window))
1079                 manage(ev->window, &wa);
1080 }
1081
1082 void
1083 movemouse(Client *c) {
1084         int x1, y1, ocx, ocy, di, nx, ny;
1085         unsigned int dui;
1086         Window dummy;
1087         XEvent ev;
1088
1089         ocx = nx = c->x;
1090         ocy = ny = c->y;
1091         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1092                         None, cursor[CurMove], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1093                 return;
1094         c->ismax = False;
1095         XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &dummy, &dummy, &x1, &y1, &di, &di, &dui);
1096         for(;;) {
1097                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask, &ev);
1098                 switch (ev.type) {
1099                 case ButtonRelease:
1100                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1101                         return;
1102                 case ConfigureRequest:
1103                 case Expose:
1104                 case MapRequest:
1105                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1106                         break;
1107                 case MotionNotify:
1108                         XSync(dpy, False);
1109                         nx = ocx + (ev.xmotion.x - x1);
1110                         ny = ocy + (ev.xmotion.y - y1);
1111                         if(abs(wax + nx) < SNAP)
1112                                 nx = wax;
1113                         else if(abs((wax + waw) - (nx + c->w + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1114                                 nx = wax + waw - c->w - 2 * c->border;
1115                         if(abs(way - ny) < SNAP)
1116                                 ny = way;
1117                         else if(abs((way + wah) - (ny + c->h + 2 * c->border)) < SNAP)
1118                                 ny = way + wah - c->h - 2 * c->border;
1119                         resize(c, nx, ny, c->w, c->h, False);
1120                         break;
1121                 }
1122         }
1123 }
1124
1125 Client *
1126 nexttiled(Client *c) {
1127         for(; c && (c->isfloating || !isvisible(c)); c = c->next);
1128         return c;
1129 }
1130
1131 void
1132 propertynotify(XEvent *e) {
1133         Client *c;
1134         Window trans;
1135         XPropertyEvent *ev = &e->xproperty;
1136
1137         if(ev->state == PropertyDelete)
1138                 return; /* ignore */
1139         if((c = getclient(ev->window))) {
1140                 switch (ev->atom) {
1141                         default: break;
1142                         case XA_WM_TRANSIENT_FOR:
1143                                 XGetTransientForHint(dpy, c->win, &trans);
1144                                 if(!c->isfloating && (c->isfloating = (getclient(trans) != NULL)))
1145                                         arrange();
1146                                 break;
1147                         case XA_WM_NORMAL_HINTS:
1148                                 updatesizehints(c);
1149                                 break;
1150                 }
1151                 if(ev->atom == XA_WM_NAME || ev->atom == netatom[NetWMName]) {
1152                         updatetitle(c);
1153                         if(c == sel)
1154                                 drawbar();
1155                 }
1156         }
1157 }
1158
1159 void
1160 quit(const char *arg) {
1161         readin = running = False;
1162 }
1163
1164 void
1165 resize(Client *c, int x, int y, int w, int h, Bool sizehints) {
1166         double dx, dy, max, min, ratio;
1167         XWindowChanges wc;
1168
1169         if(sizehints) {
1170                 if(c->minay > 0 && c->maxay > 0 && (h - c->baseh) > 0 && (w - c->basew) > 0) {
1171                         dx = (double)(w - c->basew);
1172                         dy = (double)(h - c->baseh);
1173                         min = (double)(c->minax) / (double)(c->minay);
1174                         max = (double)(c->maxax) / (double)(c->maxay);
1175                         ratio = dx / dy;
1176                         if(max > 0 && min > 0 && ratio > 0) {
1177                                 if(ratio < min) {
1178                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (min * min + 1);
1179                                         dx = dy * min;
1180                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1181                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1182                                 }
1183                                 else if(ratio > max) {
1184                                         dy = (dx * min + dy) / (max * max + 1);
1185                                         dx = dy * min;
1186                                         w = (int)dx + c->basew;
1187                                         h = (int)dy + c->baseh;
1188                                 }
1189                         }
1190                 }
1191                 if(c->minw && w < c->minw)
1192                         w = c->minw;
1193                 if(c->minh && h < c->minh)
1194                         h = c->minh;
1195                 if(c->maxw && w > c->maxw)
1196                         w = c->maxw;
1197                 if(c->maxh && h > c->maxh)
1198                         h = c->maxh;
1199                 if(c->incw)
1200                         w -= (w - c->basew) % c->incw;
1201                 if(c->inch)
1202                         h -= (h - c->baseh) % c->inch;
1203         }
1204         if(w <= 0 || h <= 0)
1205                 return;
1206         /* offscreen appearance fixes */
1207         if(x > sw)
1208                 x = sw - w - 2 * c->border;
1209         if(y > sh)
1210                 y = sh - h - 2 * c->border;
1211         if(x + w + 2 * c->border < sx)
1212                 x = sx;
1213         if(y + h + 2 * c->border < sy)
1214                 y = sy;
1215         if(c->x != x || c->y != y || c->w != w || c->h != h) {
1216                 c->x = wc.x = x;
1217                 c->y = wc.y = y;
1218                 c->w = wc.width = w;
1219                 c->h = wc.height = h;
1220                 wc.border_width = c->border;
1221                 XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWX | CWY | CWWidth | CWHeight | CWBorderWidth, &wc);
1222                 configure(c);
1223                 XSync(dpy, False);
1224         }
1225 }
1226
1227 void
1228 resizemouse(Client *c) {
1229         int ocx, ocy;
1230         int nw, nh;
1231         XEvent ev;
1232
1233         ocx = c->x;
1234         ocy = c->y;
1235         if(XGrabPointer(dpy, root, False, MOUSEMASK, GrabModeAsync, GrabModeAsync,
1236                         None, cursor[CurResize], CurrentTime) != GrabSuccess)
1237                 return;
1238         c->ismax = False;
1239         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0, c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1240         for(;;) {
1241                 XMaskEvent(dpy, MOUSEMASK | ExposureMask | SubstructureRedirectMask , &ev);
1242                 switch(ev.type) {
1243                 case ButtonRelease:
1244                         XWarpPointer(dpy, None, c->win, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1245                                         c->w + c->border - 1, c->h + c->border - 1);
1246                         XUngrabPointer(dpy, CurrentTime);
1247                         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1248                         return;
1249                 case ConfigureRequest:
1250                 case Expose:
1251                 case MapRequest:
1252                         handler[ev.type](&ev);
1253                         break;
1254                 case MotionNotify:
1255                         XSync(dpy, False);
1256                         if((nw = ev.xmotion.x - ocx - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1257                                 nw = 1;
1258                         if((nh = ev.xmotion.y - ocy - 2 * c->border + 1) <= 0)
1259                                 nh = 1;
1260                         resize(c, c->x, c->y, nw, nh, True);
1261                         break;
1262                 }
1263         }
1264 }
1265
1266 void
1267 restack(void) {
1268         Client *c;
1269         XEvent ev;
1270         XWindowChanges wc;
1271
1272         drawbar();
1273         if(!sel)
1274                 return;
1275         if(sel->isfloating || isarrange(floating))
1276                 XRaiseWindow(dpy, sel->win);
1277         if(!isarrange(floating)) {
1278                 wc.stack_mode = Below;
1279                 wc.sibling = barwin;
1280                 if(!sel->isfloating) {
1281                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, sel->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1282                         wc.sibling = sel->win;
1283                 }
1284                 for(c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next)) {
1285                         if(c == sel)
1286                                 continue;
1287                         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWSibling | CWStackMode, &wc);
1288                         wc.sibling = c->win;
1289                 }
1290         }
1291         XSync(dpy, False);
1292         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1293 }
1294
1295 void
1296 run(void) {
1297         char *p;
1298         int r, xfd;
1299         fd_set rd;
1300         XEvent ev;
1301
1302         /* main event loop, also reads status text from stdin */
1303         XSync(dpy, False);
1304         xfd = ConnectionNumber(dpy);
1305         readin = True;
1306         while(running) {
1307                 FD_ZERO(&rd);
1308                 if(readin)
1309                         FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd);
1310                 FD_SET(xfd, &rd);
1311                 if(select(xfd + 1, &rd, NULL, NULL, NULL) == -1) {
1312                         if(errno == EINTR)
1313                                 continue;
1314                         eprint("select failed\n");
1315                 }
1316                 if(FD_ISSET(STDIN_FILENO, &rd)) {
1317                         switch(r = read(STDIN_FILENO, stext, sizeof stext - 1)) {
1318                         case -1:
1319                                 strncpy(stext, strerror(errno), sizeof stext - 1);
1320                                 stext[sizeof stext - 1] = '\0';
1321                                 readin = False;
1322                                 break;
1323                         case 0:
1324                                 strncpy(stext, "EOF", 4);
1325                                 readin = False;
1326                                 break;
1327                         default:
1328                                 for(stext[r] = '\0', p = stext + strlen(stext) - 1; p >= stext && *p == '\n'; *p-- = '\0');
1329                                 for(; p >= stext && *p != '\n'; --p);
1330                                 if(p > stext)
1331                                         strncpy(stext, p + 1, sizeof stext);
1332                         }
1333                         drawbar();
1334                 }
1335                 while(XPending(dpy)) {
1336                         XNextEvent(dpy, &ev);
1337                         if(handler[ev.type])
1338                                 (handler[ev.type])(&ev); /* call handler */
1339                 }
1340         }
1341 }
1342
1343 void
1344 scan(void) {
1345         unsigned int i, num;
1346         Window *wins, d1, d2;
1347         XWindowAttributes wa;
1348
1349         wins = NULL;
1350         if(XQueryTree(dpy, root, &d1, &d2, &wins, &num)) {
1351                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) {
1352                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa)
1353                         || wa.override_redirect || XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1))
1354                                 continue;
1355                         if(wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState)
1356                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1357                 }
1358                 for(i = 0; i < num; i++) { /* now the transients */
1359                         if(!XGetWindowAttributes(dpy, wins[i], &wa))
1360                                 continue;
1361                         if(XGetTransientForHint(dpy, wins[i], &d1)
1362                         && (wa.map_state == IsViewable || getstate(wins[i]) == IconicState))
1363                                 manage(wins[i], &wa);
1364                 }
1365         }
1366         if(wins)
1367                 XFree(wins);
1368 }
1369
1370 void
1371 setclientstate(Client *c, long state) {
1372         long data[] = {state, None};
1373
1374         XChangeProperty(dpy, c->win, wmatom[WMState], wmatom[WMState], 32,
1375                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *)data, 2);
1376 }
1377
1378 void
1379 setlayout(const char *arg) {
1380         unsigned int i;
1381
1382         if(!arg) {
1383                 if(++ltidx == nlayouts)
1384                         ltidx = 0;;
1385         }
1386         else {
1387                 for(i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++)
1388                         if(!strcmp(arg, layouts[i].symbol))
1389                                 break;
1390                 if(i == nlayouts)
1391                         return;
1392                 ltidx = i;
1393         }
1394         if(sel)
1395                 arrange();
1396         else
1397                 drawbar();
1398 }
1399
1400 void
1401 setmwfact(const char *arg) {
1402         double delta;
1403
1404         if(!ISTILE)
1405                 return;
1406         /* arg handling, manipulate mwfact */
1407         if(arg == NULL)
1408                 mwfact = MWFACT;
1409         else if(1 == sscanf(arg, "%lf", &delta)) {
1410                 if(arg[0] == '+' || arg[0] == '-')
1411                         mwfact += delta;
1412                 else
1413                         mwfact = delta;
1414                 if(mwfact < 0.1)
1415                         mwfact = 0.1;
1416                 else if(mwfact > 0.9)
1417                         mwfact = 0.9;
1418         }
1419         arrange();
1420 }
1421
1422 void
1423 setup(void) {
1424         int d;
1425         unsigned int i, j, mask;
1426         Window w;
1427         XModifierKeymap *modmap;
1428         XSetWindowAttributes wa;
1429
1430         /* init atoms */
1431         wmatom[WMProtocols] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_PROTOCOLS", False);
1432         wmatom[WMDelete] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_DELETE_WINDOW", False);
1433         wmatom[WMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_NAME", False);
1434         wmatom[WMState] = XInternAtom(dpy, "WM_STATE", False);
1435         netatom[NetSupported] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_SUPPORTED", False);
1436         netatom[NetWMName] = XInternAtom(dpy, "_NET_WM_NAME", False);
1437         XChangeProperty(dpy, root, netatom[NetSupported], XA_ATOM, 32,
1438                         PropModeReplace, (unsigned char *) netatom, NetLast);
1439
1440         /* init cursors */
1441         cursor[CurNormal] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_left_ptr);
1442         cursor[CurResize] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_sizing);
1443         cursor[CurMove] = XCreateFontCursor(dpy, XC_fleur);
1444
1445         /* init geometry */
1446         sx = sy = 0;
1447         sw = DisplayWidth(dpy, screen);
1448         sh = DisplayHeight(dpy, screen);
1449
1450         /* init modifier map */
1451         modmap = XGetModifierMapping(dpy);
1452         for(i = 0; i < 8; i++)
1453                 for(j = 0; j < modmap->max_keypermod; j++) {
1454                         if(modmap->modifiermap[i * modmap->max_keypermod + j]
1455                         == XKeysymToKeycode(dpy, XK_Num_Lock))
1456                                 numlockmask = (1 << i);
1457                 }
1458         XFreeModifiermap(modmap);
1459
1460         /* select for events */
1461         wa.event_mask = SubstructureRedirectMask | SubstructureNotifyMask
1462                 | EnterWindowMask | LeaveWindowMask | StructureNotifyMask;
1463         wa.cursor = cursor[CurNormal];
1464         XChangeWindowAttributes(dpy, root, CWEventMask | CWCursor, &wa);
1465         XSelectInput(dpy, root, wa.event_mask);
1466
1467         /* grab keys */
1468         keypress(NULL);
1469
1470         /* init tags */
1471         compileregs();
1472
1473         /* init appearance */
1474         dc.norm[ColBorder] = getcolor(NORMBORDERCOLOR);
1475         dc.norm[ColBG] = getcolor(NORMBGCOLOR);
1476         dc.norm[ColFG] = getcolor(NORMFGCOLOR);
1477         dc.sel[ColBorder] = getcolor(SELBORDERCOLOR);
1478         dc.sel[ColBG] = getcolor(SELBGCOLOR);
1479         dc.sel[ColFG] = getcolor(SELFGCOLOR);
1480         initfont(FONT);
1481         dc.h = bh = dc.font.height + 2;
1482
1483         /* init layouts */
1484         mwfact = MWFACT;
1485         nlayouts = sizeof layouts / sizeof layouts[0];
1486         for(blw = i = 0; i < nlayouts; i++) {
1487                 j = textw(layouts[i].symbol);
1488                 if(j > blw)
1489                         blw = j;
1490         }
1491
1492         /* init bar */
1493         bpos = BARPOS;
1494         wa.override_redirect = 1;
1495         wa.background_pixmap = ParentRelative;
1496         wa.event_mask = ButtonPressMask | ExposureMask;
1497         barwin = XCreateWindow(dpy, root, sx, sy, sw, bh, 0,
1498                         DefaultDepth(dpy, screen), CopyFromParent, DefaultVisual(dpy, screen),
1499                         CWOverrideRedirect | CWBackPixmap | CWEventMask, &wa);
1500         XDefineCursor(dpy, barwin, cursor[CurNormal]);
1501         updatebarpos();
1502         XMapRaised(dpy, barwin);
1503         strcpy(stext, "dwm-"VERSION);
1504         dc.drawable = XCreatePixmap(dpy, root, sw, bh, DefaultDepth(dpy, screen));
1505         dc.gc = XCreateGC(dpy, root, 0, 0);
1506         XSetLineAttributes(dpy, dc.gc, 1, LineSolid, CapButt, JoinMiter);
1507         if(!dc.font.set)
1508                 XSetFont(dpy, dc.gc, dc.font.xfont->fid);
1509
1510         /* multihead support */
1511         selscreen = XQueryPointer(dpy, root, &w, &w, &d, &d, &d, &d, &mask);
1512 }
1513
1514 void
1515 spawn(const char *arg) {
1516         static char *shell = NULL;
1517
1518         if(!shell && !(shell = getenv("SHELL")))
1519                 shell = "/bin/sh";
1520         if(!arg)
1521                 return;
1522         /* The double-fork construct avoids zombie processes and keeps the code
1523          * clean from stupid signal handlers. */
1524         if(fork() == 0) {
1525                 if(fork() == 0) {
1526                         if(dpy)
1527                                 close(ConnectionNumber(dpy));
1528                         setsid();
1529                         execl(shell, shell, "-c", arg, (char *)NULL);
1530                         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: execl '%s -c %s'", shell, arg);
1531                         perror(" failed");
1532                 }
1533                 exit(0);
1534         }
1535         wait(0);
1536 }
1537
1538 void
1539 tag(const char *arg) {
1540         unsigned int i;
1541
1542         if(!sel)
1543                 return;
1544         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1545                 sel->tags[i] = arg == NULL;
1546         i = idxoftag(arg);
1547         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1548                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1549         arrange();
1550 }
1551
1552 unsigned int
1553 textnw(const char *text, unsigned int len) {
1554         XRectangle r;
1555
1556         if(dc.font.set) {
1557                 XmbTextExtents(dc.font.set, text, len, NULL, &r);
1558                 return r.width;
1559         }
1560         return XTextWidth(dc.font.xfont, text, len);
1561 }
1562
1563 unsigned int
1564 textw(const char *text) {
1565         return textnw(text, strlen(text)) + dc.font.height;
1566 }
1567
1568 void
1569 tile(void) {
1570         unsigned int i, n, nx, ny, nw, nh, mw, th;
1571         Client *c, *mc;
1572
1573         for(n = 0, c = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next))
1574                 n++;
1575
1576         /* window geoms */
1577         mw = (n == 1) ? waw : mwfact * waw;
1578         th = (n > 1) ? wah / (n - 1) : 0;
1579         if(n > 1 && th < bh)
1580                 th = wah;
1581
1582         nx = wax;
1583         ny = way;
1584         nw = 0; /* gcc stupidity requires this */
1585         for(i = 0, c = mc = nexttiled(clients); c; c = nexttiled(c->next), i++) {
1586                 c->ismax = False;
1587                 if(i == 0) { /* master */
1588                         nw = mw - 2 * c->border;
1589                         nh = wah - 2 * c->border;
1590                 }
1591                 else {  /* tile window */
1592                         if(i == 1) {
1593                                 ny = way;
1594                                 nx += mc->w + 2 * mc->border;
1595                                 nw = waw - nx - 2 * c->border;
1596                         }
1597                         if(i + 1 == n) /* remainder */
1598                                 nh = (way + wah) - ny - 2 * c->border;
1599                         else
1600                                 nh = th - 2 * c->border;
1601                 }
1602                 resize(c, nx, ny, nw, nh, RESIZEHINTS);
1603                 if(n > 1 && th != wah)
1604                         ny = c->y + c->h + 2 * c->border;
1605         }
1606 }
1607
1608 void
1609 togglebar(const char *arg) {
1610         if(bpos == BarOff)
1611                 bpos = (BARPOS == BarOff) ? BarTop : BARPOS;
1612         else
1613                 bpos = BarOff;
1614         updatebarpos();
1615         arrange();
1616 }
1617
1618 void
1619 togglefloating(const char *arg) {
1620         if(!sel)
1621                 return;
1622         sel->isfloating = !sel->isfloating;
1623         if(sel->isfloating)
1624                 resize(sel, sel->x, sel->y, sel->w, sel->h, True);
1625         arrange();
1626 }
1627
1628 void
1629 togglemax(const char *arg) {
1630         XEvent ev;
1631
1632         if(!sel || sel->isfixed)
1633                 return;
1634         if((sel->ismax = !sel->ismax)) {
1635                 if(isarrange(floating) || sel->isfloating)
1636                         sel->wasfloating = True;
1637                 else {
1638                         togglefloating(NULL);
1639                         sel->wasfloating = False;
1640                 }
1641                 sel->rx = sel->x;
1642                 sel->ry = sel->y;
1643                 sel->rw = sel->w;
1644                 sel->rh = sel->h;
1645                 resize(sel, wax, way, waw - 2 * sel->border, wah - 2 * sel->border, True);
1646         }
1647         else {
1648                 resize(sel, sel->rx, sel->ry, sel->rw, sel->rh, True);
1649                 if(!sel->wasfloating)
1650                         togglefloating(NULL);
1651         }
1652         drawbar();
1653         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1654 }
1655
1656 void
1657 toggletag(const char *arg) {
1658         unsigned int i, j;
1659
1660         if(!sel)
1661                 return;
1662         i = idxoftag(arg);
1663         sel->tags[i] = !sel->tags[i];
1664         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !sel->tags[j]; j++);
1665         if(j == ntags)
1666                 sel->tags[i] = True;
1667         arrange();
1668 }
1669
1670 void
1671 toggleview(const char *arg) {
1672         unsigned int i, j;
1673
1674         i = idxoftag(arg);
1675         seltags[i] = !seltags[i];
1676         for(j = 0; j < ntags && !seltags[j]; j++);
1677         if(j == ntags)
1678                 seltags[i] = True; /* at least one tag must be viewed */
1679         arrange();
1680 }
1681
1682 void
1683 unban(Client *c) {
1684         if(!c->isbanned)
1685                 return;
1686         XMoveWindow(dpy, c->win, c->x, c->y);
1687         c->isbanned = False;
1688 }
1689
1690 void
1691 unmanage(Client *c) {
1692         XWindowChanges wc;
1693
1694         wc.border_width = c->oldborder;
1695         /* The server grab construct avoids race conditions. */
1696         XGrabServer(dpy);
1697         XSetErrorHandler(xerrordummy);
1698         XConfigureWindow(dpy, c->win, CWBorderWidth, &wc); /* restore border */
1699         detach(c);
1700         detachstack(c);
1701         if(sel == c)
1702                 focus(NULL);
1703         XUngrabButton(dpy, AnyButton, AnyModifier, c->win);
1704         setclientstate(c, WithdrawnState);
1705         free(c);
1706         XSync(dpy, False);
1707         XSetErrorHandler(xerror);
1708         XUngrabServer(dpy);
1709         arrange();
1710 }
1711
1712 void
1713 unmapnotify(XEvent *e) {
1714         Client *c;
1715         XUnmapEvent *ev = &e->xunmap;
1716
1717         if((c = getclient(ev->window)))
1718                 unmanage(c);
1719 }
1720
1721 void
1722 updatebarpos(void) {
1723         XEvent ev;
1724
1725         wax = sx;
1726         way = sy;
1727         wah = sh;
1728         waw = sw;
1729         switch(bpos) {
1730         default:
1731                 wah -= bh;
1732                 way += bh;
1733                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy);
1734                 break;
1735         case BarBot:
1736                 wah -= bh;
1737                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy + wah);
1738                 break;
1739         case BarOff:
1740                 XMoveWindow(dpy, barwin, sx, sy - bh);
1741                 break;
1742         }
1743         XSync(dpy, False);
1744         while(XCheckMaskEvent(dpy, EnterWindowMask, &ev));
1745 }
1746
1747 void
1748 updatesizehints(Client *c) {
1749         long msize;
1750         XSizeHints size;
1751
1752         if(!XGetWMNormalHints(dpy, c->win, &size, &msize) || !size.flags)
1753                 size.flags = PSize;
1754         c->flags = size.flags;
1755         if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1756                 c->basew = size.base_width;
1757                 c->baseh = size.base_height;
1758         }
1759         else if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1760                 c->basew = size.min_width;
1761                 c->baseh = size.min_height;
1762         }
1763         else
1764                 c->basew = c->baseh = 0;
1765         if(c->flags & PResizeInc) {
1766                 c->incw = size.width_inc;
1767                 c->inch = size.height_inc;
1768         }
1769         else
1770                 c->incw = c->inch = 0;
1771         if(c->flags & PMaxSize) {
1772                 c->maxw = size.max_width;
1773                 c->maxh = size.max_height;
1774         }
1775         else
1776                 c->maxw = c->maxh = 0;
1777         if(c->flags & PMinSize) {
1778                 c->minw = size.min_width;
1779                 c->minh = size.min_height;
1780         }
1781         else if(c->flags & PBaseSize) {
1782                 c->minw = size.base_width;
1783                 c->minh = size.base_height;
1784         }
1785         else
1786                 c->minw = c->minh = 0;
1787         if(c->flags & PAspect) {
1788                 c->minax = size.min_aspect.x;
1789                 c->maxax = size.max_aspect.x;
1790                 c->minay = size.min_aspect.y;
1791                 c->maxay = size.max_aspect.y;
1792         }
1793         else
1794                 c->minax = c->maxax = c->minay = c->maxay = 0;
1795         c->isfixed = (c->maxw && c->minw && c->maxh && c->minh
1796                         && c->maxw == c->minw && c->maxh == c->minh);
1797 }
1798
1799 void
1800 updatetitle(Client *c) {
1801         if(!gettextprop(c->win, netatom[NetWMName], c->name, sizeof c->name))
1802                 gettextprop(c->win, wmatom[WMName], c->name, sizeof c->name);
1803 }
1804
1805 /* There's no way to check accesses to destroyed windows, thus those cases are
1806  * ignored (especially on UnmapNotify's).  Other types of errors call Xlibs
1807  * default error handler, which may call exit.  */
1808 int
1809 xerror(Display *dpy, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1810         if(ee->error_code == BadWindow
1811         || (ee->request_code == X_SetInputFocus && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1812         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyText8 && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1813         || (ee->request_code == X_PolyFillRectangle && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1814         || (ee->request_code == X_PolySegment && ee->error_code == BadDrawable)
1815         || (ee->request_code == X_ConfigureWindow && ee->error_code == BadMatch)
1816         || (ee->request_code == X_GrabKey && ee->error_code == BadAccess)
1817         || (ee->request_code == X_CopyArea && ee->error_code == BadDrawable))
1818                 return 0;
1819         fprintf(stderr, "dwm: fatal error: request code=%d, error code=%d\n",
1820                 ee->request_code, ee->error_code);
1821         return xerrorxlib(dpy, ee); /* may call exit */
1822 }
1823
1824 int
1825 xerrordummy(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1826         return 0;
1827 }
1828
1829 /* Startup Error handler to check if another window manager
1830  * is already running. */
1831 int
1832 xerrorstart(Display *dsply, XErrorEvent *ee) {
1833         otherwm = True;
1834         return -1;
1835 }
1836
1837 void
1838 view(const char *arg) {
1839         unsigned int i;
1840
1841         for(i = 0; i < ntags; i++)
1842                 seltags[i] = arg == NULL;
1843         i = idxoftag(arg);
1844         if(i >= 0 && i < ntags)
1845                 seltags[i] = True;
1846         arrange();
1847 }
1848
1849 void
1850 zoom(const char *arg) {
1851         Client *c;
1852
1853         if(!sel || !ISTILE || sel->isfloating)
1854                 return;
1855         if((c = sel) == nexttiled(clients))
1856                 if(!(c = nexttiled(c->next)))
1857                         return;
1858         detach(c);
1859         attach(c);
1860         focus(c);
1861         arrange();
1862 }
1863
1864 int
1865 main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
1866         if(argc == 2 && !strcmp("-v", argv[1]))
1867                 eprint("dwm-"VERSION", © 2006-2007 A. R. Garbe, S. van Dijk, J. Salmi, P. Hruby, S. Nagy\n");
1868         else if(argc != 1)
1869                 eprint("usage: dwm [-v]\n");
1870
1871         setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
1872         if(!(dpy = XOpenDisplay(0)))
1873                 eprint("dwm: cannot open display\n");
1874         screen = DefaultScreen(dpy);
1875         root = RootWindow(dpy, screen);
1876
1877         checkotherwm();
1878         setup();
1879         drawbar();
1880         scan();
1881         run();
1882         cleanup();
1883
1884         XCloseDisplay(dpy);
1885         return 0;
1886 }